ķϻ
ߣմ
İ
Լҵ
һضɽҡ˳˯һ뿪ɽ֣˳С
Ŀף¿ΪԼȥտȥҹ굱Ա
ÿ̱ʱͻǸֻĳƱ߶߶һѷϻƯƿ
һʱ˸ϻѡ
룺ۣ򹤵ʱܾҪ͵Һظ˵绰ҵ˼صĶƷ
ѣɵȱö࣬ɵȱ̸ߵ㡣
룺ϳС⣬Ǿ͵ġΪҹ굱Աʱ򣬸ɨƴӴ˾ٱ绰˵ҪҰ佱Ĳ̫ҪҪĽ
ѣʲôһס̫
룺쾹Ȼڤң
ѣСŪڤң
룺ţ
ѣ
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ֹϵԶк˾ˣ
һʱ˹ٷ̨رĳĻĿĳϸ⣬غ죡
ĲģվɸϻѷƯƿ
ڹֳһֻŶҰץˣڿ޵˵ϴһģ
Ӻһ͵ĹŰڤҵݸ룺ˣ
Ǹ͹һ𹹽гĹ¡
*
#Ķָ#
1.ŮйһΪ
2.ӻ⣬ɶпܳ
3.ֵVSսͬǿĹƢ
4.Сϻѡ繣[ϻֿ]
5.BUG޶࣬Ŭˣ
6.ٽᣬһ21:00ңո»İ
7.Ϊֹģ80%Ľֹ
ݱǩ ǿǿ   
ؼ֣ǣ  ǣģլΪԺ  
һ仰飺Ŭгᣡ
⣺гᣬҶ


01 
ٱⶨ0706յ18ʱ23ھɽ3.6
ձɽδԱ
ظ챨˽義ɽ𣬹ǰ
ţɽƶԷ¡

ɽλڻ׶ʡʡĽ紦ɽ羰ڶ࣬ڻҲպɽ
ǰĵ𽫻ɽ˸Դ࡮רҡźͬһѷĻɽ棬ֱ񼣡
Դˣڵƾɾ¥ڷһĸɱǧĸ۶ӣĵÿɽɽƽʱûȥҪ룬ˣ
ЩХһֻڷԺ󶼻Աǰȥ顣Ϊϵˡ뵣ְֵҵǣ⼸绹ƽ˾Ĵ󲿷ֵѶЩ޹ء
ģ϶ûô̫ƽ
ǰгХΪں硣
ûͨ˵
ˣԱǵҲ𽥸λƢ𱬵ĸճȭͷѵӣ˵ĻᴩŽ˭˶Ҫ˵һţơ
Ԫű±³ҶڣƢҪôǱϢ˵ͷ˯˯ԺˣԷ˸ظǱҲ֪ͨˣ˵Ǻڰ޳ǰȥɽûеꡣ
ûеζû˳£ȻҲܷɷɡ
Ԫ²豭°ͣǵ˵ɽ˸ˣãôܵɽȥˣ
Сʱǰɽ
˯úܲȣһضɽҡԼһںСϣһ˴ͰεͷתһѰĻζ֮µġֻڻָƽ
ֻǼСʱζֿʼˡ
ȻûʼĶô󣬵ɺܲˬȥһСʱͲס۾ɲǼ䣬չؼ䣬ΧľݴоӨ¶ڻҶҡҡ׹˷ĹǰһƬء
ҲֲԼ˯˶ãֻ֪Լ˯ʱΧͱʯ
Ժվ˯õ΢е㽩ӲڵľܱߵĻСƬݴԣ̵ɫ˿޾żСķһңңζ塣չԶһ㣬ͱڵĵײ
̧ͷͱϾȻʯ䡣
ʯ׹ĻһֻſͶ´ƬӰӥװβëڣ๲Ϭֱֻ̧̧ۣǱͲ̵ӥƹɵĳѸٸȵǰȻѹٶȣ˫צץסֱۣϡ
ӥǿ˴˿̵
ԭǱѵġ
̧ѻĽëչ΢΢һСƬӰԲ԰׵۵סվչ£չⶼֲ͸űɫ۾ӥ壬߷ɡ̵ɽߡ
ӥץ֧ŵֱۻצۣʺĺۼӡڴɰ֮ϣ΢΢Ĵ۴̼񾭣û⡣
˿̵ü˳һխɽ·ߵͷɽ·ľͷȻǸͬͱȫס·
֪ʶ
Ϊ˯̫ö˯Ϳˡ
ȻôҲ·ˡ
ǡʱͫӡӰ
лذͷ޾һɥɽ֮䣬ǰ߷˷߸ߵñӣ̧ͷһ˶ͷ̾һǴڵظǵظȶÿĸǴŪôһҪһˡ
˵ֻ˯˸
˰̾ ֻ嶼ҪڻˡɽδϣҲһˮ㣬ֻӲͷƤǰߡ
Ҳڴ˿롣
վչ£ϵƤ׵Ҫ⣬ղصľҪסã·һأһȥΧżմۺѪźǱʵȻ
˱ֱȻ
ڰ޳ʱһ۾ע⵽˫Ư۾һƬԨ׾ܽǸȥ
Ⱥڰ޳ӦʱɫȻ䡣
ǿǸ߲ǩЭģԲĿǰҪǮģ۵ûڤңRMB
뵽ǵĶͷϴ˼һССĵ׬ǮͷȴҪǸΥԼ𣬺ڰ޳ɵõһ꿪ǰЦѽѽû뵽ܵطcosplayأֵܣ㿴cosڰ޳cos񰡣
ºЦҪѯʹ룺
ʲôcosplay
cosڰ޳ʲô˼
üʶԼ˯˶꣬ҲԶ¶꣬еķչٶȣ͵ظĹдˡ
ڰ޳˵ΪҪ˿ˣӽţǸֵܰշʲôһиʲôģ㲻𣿡
Ա·ˣλ֪֪ɽȥ·
޾һĴȣеĽײһ죬뿴Ŀ⻹ڽϣʱ¶εЦݣû£ȥ
Ƶ·߰ڰ޳һۣﰵ⹷ƨɽɽ·ôֵֹģ޲ֱӷɳȥˡһ뵽󻹸Ÿ࣬λֻ̾һش·
ڣ˴СʱԺλ˳͵ɽ¡ɽɽſһ·Ź·߹ȥǾһӡ
ˣ㵽ɡ
òض˵ллת֮ǰʵλ𣿡
޾Ⱥлذͷһ顣֪ǳȷʵ֣Ų߸֡лذѸٴԼͳһֻƴСĳлذֻǲߣصػ·cosڰ޳ƵطΪֱģֵ߰ɣǾͲ˹
࿴нֻͷ˳Ź·Եˡ
ӰʧҰУڰ޳͵һ
ãֵܿҲ̫ǸƹȥˣǶͷϴҲðǽΥԼˡ
ߣȥɽһȦ
ҲƵšһһ߿Χķ羰ΧķӺһжٴθп仯֮졣˴Сʱϡ
ƽ뾩ĲԶܶҪΧҲǸ¥һù·˴߹ÿͷһۣ˿̹װ¶Ȼʲôû˵Ĭؼǰߡ
ͷбֵ˱ˡ
ֵܡֱߴŤͷȥǸͬõˣ̧ͷЩҵĺɫ̷¶һ˫۾뿴ȥʱ򣬶Էɳ֡
ָָԼıӡ
ͷ
߹ȥߵߣԷŲŲƨɣԼ³һ棬ŵǰģ
Ϊ⣬ȫǱ˵ĺ⡣ɫ£Ŀ⻮ǰŵһƺӣɢɢɫһֽţƱ
ûע⵽ߣֻЦеʣ̨ʲô֣Ｘ˰ҿӡǸ˲ţôûȤһ̯Ҫһȸ㡣
˵ݸһպӡ
Դϻðһʺš
ɴʱһ·ˡеŮ˺룬ֿǰĺԼ۵տ룬ʮ룬ͳֻ
·֧20Ԫ
ŮƺʮǮŵ˸ڿտҲĺصͷ뿪
һʮ飬¶մոպá
*


02 
ȥİСʱ֧˵ǰƺǮԽԽ٣ǰϺǮԽԽࡣ
ڹʲôǮʧתơ
ϲû˿죬ֿĻԽԽ
ոչȥʱڣ˺໥һҽܡ֪˽㣬ʮţûҲûŮѣȻһ쿿Ҫӣ˵ҪҲ˵㣬뻹൱ɹ۵ģƩһյǮ
˸þ޵кÿ룬̯СʱѾյٿ顣
Ϊ˸лǮϳѪԶٷ˳ûʽŶӵ뷨
һСʱȥƽ쳹׺ȥ˸С͹ݣС͹ǿͣһʮ飬Ӽȡ۵ֳʸһȡ˶С͹ǰĵϣĿ޵ؿ룬еɻѹ£Цеʣ밡ҿñǻÿٲûȥ̽ǰ¶¶ô䵽ֵز
ҽܵʱֻ˵Լ֣鹹˸䣬һŲ˵
˵ָһϸ٣ʶǱ󲻿ԡ
Щ˶ˣǿ඼ܿóһ˵ƷԡԼδܡ벻УʱֻܿƺΧһʵ̽⣬ʲôҲ塣
мûʳֻһټ򵥵ĺзȴǺóԵ۾΢΢úܡȹͷϵҲеøɸɾʣһ˿һóܵĽڣҲҺȥһɽʱʲôǵˡ
ɽɻɽ
Ҳ֪ɽʲô֣ͦģҸշ𡣡
㣺ɽ
ڿͷԺ㵹һ˻ǹ˵࣬Ȼôܴӻɽ߳дϢ˵ɽ˴εΪһͷԷ˸ɽܱȻû̫ܵӰ죬ɽȴ롣
ⶼû
øӵ뿴˰죬ȶ˲ϳˣʵ׼ô죿еطס𣿡
ӣҡҡͷ
վʹ˳ĬΪѣĬ֪Ŀģ˿봹Բﻹеͬ顣´ȣʱ͸һ̯ҪɣϸһסʲôĴ㡣
㷢֡
˵ЩԺԭƤȻ̧ͷ˫Ư۾Ǳһһһˡ
ڳһֻס֣ϣǸˡ
㣺Ҳô˵
Щú⼸ĥòˣԼ֪Ϊʲôͦر𡣴ǶԷ治ڱţҪװɡ
Թͣ뻻˸طȥ˸㳡ҹĹ㳡дƬŮ㳡裬졣ΧиС̯С·żͣ²Ӷ࿴ۣЩʳС
һĴүߣǸԸ񣬻ܶࡣһʹүϱЦе үǮһǮ
үҲǸԸ˿ûаԷڴ̽ҵĲЦеСʮǮһʮ壬ôСӣҲҪ򰡣ȥгһҽģǹ۸ˡ
ڰ֣ʾԼûȤ
һԵ濼һ¡
˼Сʱ˽Ȳɽģһû˿ͶûݣûǮҪټĻ沢һ׵顣
˺ݶԶԶߣڡǮŬŬͿԵġ
ڹ㳡ʮ㣬˵ƨɣķӡģϾɵľ¥ûеݣа˲¥סڰ¥
Ȼ˼ңˮߴһ쵽ֵġʡȥȻİٶࡣ
üЦϹȻ˧Ҵȥ··ӦҲܴ˰ɣʱȴҵİɡ
ͷллԺʲôҪҰæ飬ʱңֻҪģƴǡ
ƲƲ죬ˣʲô¡ϢȥݰҼڡ
Ŀ˳ڥڥӰȥܿ㿴תǿڵļС񣬳öһϲע⵽ߣΪЩȤʮĵظ
ߵȻֱǴ˵еλ
˻ٶصĴ˵ҲǴ˵鹹Ĺ¡ȴףν˵ʵλҲǴڹġţɢؿһſϣ˫Цеġ
˵ʲôǵˣӦҲ֪Щ˵ɡ
벻ɫ֪
ߵǰҸ˵˵˵аǰؼλŮ˱ֵܽơʱسҲϣλ㵣˴£άгְЩȴ⣬رѳֱ֣ˡ磬ĲӴĻңλάϵƽѡ
ң˼䣬Ҫ˹УԼ֮λ֪£׷׳֡
ʱĴ¶СĦȴСʼλ˭Ҳֻ
㻰һת۾kӦöˡ
ǵûС
㶼ˣֻ˯˼껹š
˵ˣԡߣϴ裬ȥ
ͷ
ȥԡң̧ߵϡĿλһһüͷԽԽҲԽԽƽ糤ñͲÿҲ̳ϡĸ˶˭˭
ĿʣԵشתһǺųģȥԲһĵֻ۾ֻͻӡ
룺
Ĭ֮УҴææԡ߳˵ԡԡ¶ˣƿµġʱ䣬һ䣺ĸСǸ
룺˵޵λ
һ㶣ޣ
Сλǳλֻ۾ֻ͵ľ
Ŀ˵ϣ΢΢һ飬漴ҡͷսǸأ

뿴ȥָڸձ˵ϵϡ
룺
һŬԼ侲Ȼȵٴ̤ԡҹϴţ̲ס˳ǳó޿̣һưѶԷϡ
ĺó
ôÿ
*


03 
ԡҳʱֹһЩɻ󣬵Ҳû룬ֻǴȥϴ
ķֻһһһطҲֻһСϴ˯ɳϣ״еⲻȥ˵ϯӸ̡
ҡͷ
˯˼꣬ȻǱѵģھúܣûаҪ˯뷨صңߵ̨£̧ԶաȥܿĶŵƣȰ졣
ãҹĻ֮ûʲôǡ
У֮ҲֻǸӵˮƽڴܷ衣
ǫֱֱ̂˰ҹصֵŴ򿪵ӻõţչʱݡ
˵Ϣȥ·ѡķװλϾ¥µС̯촩ĶTһʮ飬ʮ壬رı˻㡣סضṩģ·ӵķõȻġ
İٶóʮ׼򵥵·˷
Թ뽫ԼҪ׬ǮСƻһ£̧ãƤ϶ûҺЩΪʦļһϲǰ߶
ҪţԼȥгӦÿԵİɣ
ͷ
гڵСԶ·˼ү裬̤ܿгһۿȥгУÿҵ̵󣬵ǶѵõǡһƤɽѶѣĿڸ̵ϣܿҵ˴ү˵ꡣ
ϰǸʮŮ볤̵ͷ˸СỴָ̈ڼϷ裬յϣŮһʮˣ֧΢ţ
ͳֻ˾΢ţŮ㽫տάӴ˸ת
ŮͿ룬ȻӡŮ۾ɴ˼֡˻һ󵨵Ŀɨۣ¶Цݣ˧磬ô˵ʲô
򡣡ҲԷЦЦ
ȴЩ⣬ȥƺദûԡ
ǰĹҲֻ࣬˻ơ
ŶŶҪڵ̯ǰɣ⼸ֿʽôʮǮʮһٿͲ㿴
Ҫ
ҪСʽģûôӣҲˡżڴصⷿʱ㻹ûſվһĸߴˣ˳ƽƽӲʣйơ
ߵ¥ݿڵʱԷͷŪֻüĿַꡣֱ߳һ£Ϊɻʣסﲻķӣ
֪ġ
͵ķӣס³ȥˣҪĻҪһȡ
һ
⻰˵ûãˡӸЧã벻̽ͷȥ˵ĶԻɻһ䡰ôˡ˲Żش𣺡绰û˽ӣ¶㡣
˵ʣȥˣ
ڿңһҲɳ϶ҵԼֻһҳϹȻ߰˸ʾҲһ˴ġֻڻش𣺡ҪǮȥ˰
ֲҪġ
˵˵Ⲩ֪֪ŵţ֪ĻΪǸؤ㾭ѵؤǮ͵ŵĵۣ˵ʦүᱣǮЩˡܲû֪˭Ҳܲ㡣
ƳڣѹʡжɱһĿڣǱ߽ˣϽȥ
һ١
Ӻ·߹򵥽˼䣬˵ԼҪţʱӦòڼҡһڼҺúչԼһֱסţõȥ⡣
лղġ񡯣뻹һ䣺ܺܿ𣿡
㵱һڼҲϰߣ㰲ⲻ󣬷ĺˣҿ϶ˣҵ΢źţǮȥֻãʱ΢ģˡ
ߵúżصعϣǴҴ뿪ıӰȥһ㶼ķŸʶһڼ״
εȵһŲ֪֪ʡλã˾Ҳ㣬ԷʲôݣһֻҲʲôšҪĻԼ¡
ڴһ
ʱ֣Ǻȣ컹ˬһ·ϣСѼСлиСڰСܶ˵߶һѵ漴ϸ˵ϡ޳ָģƯָ׶Žķۡ
ֵֻģﶼðһ뷨ֶôÿˣ˵úÿʲôӣ
Ŀһתʱصһ
ղݣ˧򣿵һӣȥʮ˸
ԶļŮб͵͵ļУ仰Ѹٳ嵽ǰ΢죬ãô
۾ʮһ
ŹֺÿûִĿĵ֮ǰʮѾˡԭȥµĹ㳡λĴүײӰԷ⣬ڿԼˡ
Ǯһʮ飬ʮٿ顣
ȻҪȥгܲһʵĶֻһտά룬ȻǮ鷳ġв˹Ϊûֻֽա
ܽһҪֻ
ƣת뿪δע⵽Զи̽ͷ̽Եض˰죬Ϊп̾һ 
ƫͷ˿ˣ̲סСԹϴ˵ʼ˼Ҳ㻹ǵòʱϴҺͰȥһȥˡһ ҪϴԳ϶͸ոǸ˧һַӾˡ
Цһ˭˵˵
غҵͷǣҺ˵˵ϴ۸Ͻ߰ɣȻڤˣҪǮˡ

ϰĽ£׬˸µĶֻ͵绰ϰָ½ֻ÷ס뿪
עһ΢˺ţ˺ţԷûеһʱͬĺ룬Ҳ⡣һߣһߵͷŪֻĿעֻϣϰȴеڶ˫һȻ˹ȥ
˼˸ŵͣһͨʡһĿڲɱţ±˵ǳɱĿǰδȷﷸһ·£󿴵һ棺
ܵƯƿİ˷ɣ
ȥ࿴ۡ
ƯƿAPPʵһ΢ŵ罻΢е㲻ͬǣƯƿAPPڵ󲢲ǹ̶ģҲġ
ûʲôʾͦ˼ġ
վԭأأע˺š
[ˡװƯƿû㡿ѽӭƯƿͥ^^]
[ĺһµƯƿŶǷѡ򿪣]
ѡǡ
Ưƿ򿪵ĻǰһִֻƯƿڼİֽ򿪣¶һ֣
ƻ࣬ǮȻüٳ
*


04 
Բ֪ԶƯƿʾʱǰĳҹ
ʱ⣬ҲܸоԷıŭϸ˿֮ڵĿƯƿ󷽸IDү
룺
ⱩƢеһƴ
ָȥϽǵĺ棬漴µҳٶװѣ㲻ظԶ
ѡ[ظ]
¿˺ţĺкܶƯƿִȥʮ
һһѡ򿪡
[ϽеRMB˶ʮûǮȥˣЦɵӡ]
[٣߳˰⻹ǵЦ]
[뵽һ׬Ǯĺð취ҼֱǸš]
[ԶѣҪڤ]
[Ҫ񣬹ڤ벦7788246עƯƿ9.8ۣ]
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˰˸ƯƿȻͬһˡЩ𾪵գգ۾аµ㿪ƯƿAPPĹ濴һۣȷ˹дǣȫĲͬѡ
ǿλ[ү]Ե֡
̻صķӣ򿪿ĵƹ⣬ɳѡһ͸СƯƿдС뷱úֽУһһĺ˽ƯƿԶܿССƿӾͲӰ
˳ʮһյĺظԷ˸кּȥæˡ
û˯ֿʼ
ļ죬˼ѡһȽϴĹ㳡һ㳡ʱΧģǵļ۸öˡиоԽԽ٣ǡ
ļ͸·Сѣһġлл硯ЦԷë׵Դ»ؼҡ
׬Ǯ취
ɳ˫ĿͷĴƣƹЩҫۣӡ˫͸Ө۾ϣ̾һ
׬ǮʵҲСٶѡȴһ׬٣漸ҺǵǰתȦ˵仰Դ뵹Ҳʾ⣬ʵ״̬άһңǷÿһ
֮⣬û֪ϲ졣
ܴЩĿһ磬һͼǧǰǰһ硣
뽫Ǯɳ£óֻ½ƯƿAPPԼĺĺɸɾûƯƿҲ⣬һƯƿ˳ȥ
Сʱԡҳëźɫ̷ϳʪϢںϣΧȵ¶ȥ֣һֻעĳƸûȻһƸֻԴۡ
һѧź̾
죬һûҵƯƿAPPһ֪ͨװѽͳȥƯƿ˼ŶͿԷʲôƯƿ
ɻһ㿪
Ưƿǣ׬Ǯѡ
ظ[ү]дţ׬Ǯѵ򵥵
룺
ȷ[ү]ǰ[ү]
ԣƾʲôôţǲǾüǰƯƿûյõ
뷭˸ۡ
žžžһ֣ͣһ˱ܾʾǸŶװ룬[ү]ܶȻ֧ǼظϢ~Ŭǵֵɣ
˵ûҪ
ֻתصϢɳʱ򣬽µĲȴȻһ٣̧ĿƺҪ͸Ͳ͸ҹɫûһ򿪣ҹŲյļⴵ롣
ĵذϻӡһѪĽӡŽӡָ֣׿⻮ذļʹ̶һ̲һ̲ŨѪεδڵذϡ
Ӱ֣ſڵϵ̧ͷüĵ°͵λǱ˴мһҰƤǱһΡΡؿһƤӶţգһ۾һѪ
̧ĨȥϵѪᣬаʶӺݺһ¡
һڿȷˡ
Ӱ˳ڲͬζȥԽǿĲԽԡһžͺѾϵӯӰӺ䷢͵͵֫еٶԽԽ죬ѾȲȥһ 
Ȼ
ϾڵƵĿϣݳָһ㣬ֻһ˲ƹ
Ӱһ㶣̧ͷ
봹üĿڱѪȾĵذϣſŨѪζЩģҲϲɨ䣬ĿŪˡ
÷

ʡ
ķֲ
һֻĶӵ˹[칫]ŵǰһͰ칫ҵԱ̸컪԰СһĿڱɱԪףͷǴһ£
˵ĹҲˣظλ˵ˣ˵Ĺ׾ٵͷδҲ̫ˡԣĹӴ󣬻ר˼Ѷصظ
Ѫġ̩ɽۺŮ崦ǵĹޡ
Ա֪׳˶ǴӾġʵ컪԰һǱҵ컪԰еۣʡŸճãЩʿļнĿռ䡣Ҫǣֻ׵ĶһĶ
޿κ֮£ķֲֻܽϱܲܲϵڵ㡣
ԱϽӹڣȴǶĵһŬţͻأЦһɳƵӺ³һŨҵȳζҲˣȻֻɱˡ
Աһ١
Ҳ۾
Ƕһ³һڸõ⣬ЦʱϻմѪָһ㡣
ͷ̧ŷֽͱɡ
Աӻ֣ʾԷϽߡ
ת뿪칫ʱָͷ㣬ִӶͳ̣˰ҲûʲôֱʡľƵ꣬΢ţһڼҵȴȿŵȺġ
ΪӦҸʱչ϶ϵ΢ȺרŽģʱһЩŵ˵ͿȺںһͻиĵǰȥæ
@
С⣺@㣬ְѶؼ·¥µʱŨһɳζ
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Ѹٴ򿪾С˺ţԷ˸绰ȶԷ̱³ʡûڼҡڸϽȥСҪǷֽˣţ̺ˡ
С˲õ֪ˣǺͰһŵģһӦⲻȥ¶֪ͨ
绰ҶϣСͰƶһۣӿٶǰķӡ
ȻŵΪͲ󣬺ЩһƬ֮ҲͬһţżȥšҲˣСͰƺܿս˾¥ֻһ֣Խ¥ǹĶȻԽȿĳⷿʱζѾŲˡ
ֻС⻹ǲҵġ
Ϊһֱһ˾סķӾȻŵơ
ŵ룬һŴ򿪣ĵƹٿȻ׹佫ǰҰȫվſڵСͰüȥֻխĿڣɫüվһ ɳԻһµʹԴ峤ڵϲذ塣
ע⵽ǵĵתͷգգۣǺã
СͰƴ롣
ʲô
۾ȥʡˡ
СͰƶӣͷŶŶǹʱ
˵͵غһѵšͳֻ绰㷿ôи˧磿
㣺Ŷһˣʱô
СϽûû£Ūˡ㷿ֻˣûж
һ
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Ȼһͱ˻ȥ
ȵȡ
ˣ
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05 
ʮǰ
ԡ˼ԼȻ˿£Ϊĵذʱǹɴɢ˼ζһζԵͷתӶǡ̫ˡ
ȥ
ָֻ׼ּСʱһ
ü㻹ϵණĨϡ
Ц̰۾ֱ룬еѪᣬ
ҪණԵģʲôʶǼ⣬ᵽǹŨҵζʱ֫ٺ·йд̹ԴӻѾܾûйëŵĿˡ
ʱ˺ѷεľżУǹȵѪҲ޷ﵽЧ
ȲҪǰһˡ
һ¡
ҪʿԷţڳ࣬ʳ֫Ƥ⡣
̰ԽԽ붼ֹסزѾȲſڵϵͻȻ𣬳ֳ˹ģĹҲһɲǣͻȻɳٿȻѶµĿȥ
ž
һֻ̧ϡ
ά̧ŵĶҲûʲôɽĶסˡЬЬףҲ˿̴͵ı顣ڵϣճѪҺ͹ĺɫҺһأ뿴˿ЬջؽŵʱЬڶϡ
Ĵ˿ǿҽŴϡ

ڵճĬһӣй಻סĵŭ𡣼ָ׿Ьϣܻŭһ
Ь͵ӳȥ˺ʱЬ׻մճҺ
ѾòܿЬӵ̨ЬҪˣ̫ˣȲʺ࣡
ʮǮģͰ̯Ĵ軹ۻӣûؽЬʮ鶼òϴû
򴽣۾Ŷųªܲ
ڣڶٴγʱŵЬҲ˳˫վڽɾĵطݺݳŶԴȥ
žžž
žžž
Ьڶϣʹ֮лعͷͻȻӭô£ˡžĳÿһʹ໵ؼۣˣ
ͣеĶԴ϶ˣֻ˫ۿرԴѪһأҴˣĴˡдŹҰɣĴˡ
ž
س¡
㷢еĲ죬ѾɳϻҪĶֺˣվסһɳԡ
ϴɳɲϴ·ûô򵥡
ܺȴŵöһϽס塣
࿴۵ϸɵĺۼһȰɾ
͵̧ԴбŷҰɾͿ𣿡
üδ˵⴫ȳͷ޳ָڶһ㣬һ۷׽ǿµģڵ˸źµͨˡȫ˼ϣһͷּѪҵϽ˿Ĩڵʹ
ѹû᲻ƭˡ
ҲͻȻ򿪵ź󵽵ʲôˣӶǸϽѵϸɾ

СͰȥһδ򿪣СŻδҶϵֻֻڴ룿ôڣ
Ŀ⳯ڵصĶһۡȻûĿ⣬嶶øˡϱ۵ĸоţκֻӲͷƤذ塣
գգۣӹĵ绰˵һԲ𣺡ǹģҵһʱſڰһӣˣС˵ԲңҪҰѿϴɾ
Ļش𺱼سĬ룬Ȼ÷ǳ˼ʵ׬ôǮǮˣ
һ٣۾Ҳûգһ£ֻԼ
Ŷһ˽ҲûʲôȤֻǵһڼҳ¡¼ȻǸᣬҲһҶ˵绰
С⽫ֻؿڴͺЦ˸кָָڹڵϵġС硯ôû
һǵϰġ
Ŷ
ԭ
龭ǡǳĶζҲѾ׷ѰټѾˣСͰҲûߵʱ˳ˡС硯һ䣺Ҫһߣ
۾ٿһϽӵȻҪӦʱȴʶվһߵ롣
̽һεٶҪ˲ɻˡ
۾ѾɾˣʣµԼУ߰ɣ·עⰲȫ
˵󼸸ֵʱ򣬶ԲĿֺԼϡƵһʱԼҪȥˣͻȻܿƵش˸䣬عͷã
в
ֻʲô
ڵõ϶ĻشԺһƵش¥Ϲȥȳ߳ڵⶰ¥ʱͻȻһۡ¥̨ŵƣվ˴ͷĵƹϣֵĹΣԵرÿ

񿴵ϵ΢Ц

㣬ˡ
ٳ˶ѡ
ǸϽܰɡ
죬µĲӷɿ졣
СſڣСⰢСͰƸټתˡȵ˵ӰʧڿӷΧڣ̲סӺ﷢ֵݺһŤԭվŵ̬˲ſŵġҲ֪Լϵ۷ʲôʱʧ
ǰ˼ٴλعͷԼʱһǳԴҩˣȻѾҵһĿڲ״ġ֡ﻹҪͶһֻ˼ε
ٺЦ֫еøˡ
뿪ĵطϢһϣȥЩֹ඼ɱˣ
Ѫ۾øһѸٹսһСӡΧģȴϤΧĻ͹졣
ͻȻصһ
ײ۵ԴԻ̧ͷĿɨǰͻȻֵǽڣͻȻ¶֮ɫôͻȻһǽž÷·֮Ļһǲ͵ġ
й밴ųľ˲;
ѵƭ˵˷Źȴ
ƭ˶úǰȴһ޳Ӱ͵شߵǰֽڶϵ۷Ƴӳһ䣺үĳӵĸҹҪ³ˡ

ܻ㵲ҵ·ڻҳ
ˣٴ˹ĶȻҪʱȴԼǱٽľʯѹסһѹˡǰǰһޱ̧һŲϡ
ա
ϳء
̧סüķ꣺أߡ
ؼشӰĲˡϴ󿪵ɥƷò˸ͻûסɰϴˣƢûطйˡ
ϳصĶЦеصϲŶþĵƱһš
*


06 
ʱ䣬Ьƿ˳ȥ
˳ǹɶϵŨسζһ·յӣݵĿ⻺ǰĿյϣĳζȻֹ
ţ˵ζ
ӦǱ˴ˡ
Щźת뿪ڻûɾջҪ
е㲻죬ӿ˽ų̡ƿⷿĴţ۷ȥЩɫѪƬţֻӲͷȥϴĨϰѣػСʱǿɾ
ȳ׿ɳ̾һҲ֪ǲãܾⷿȳζδɢ
ΧĴø˵㣬ȥԡϴ裬ٴγʱϵʲԡ¶ζǿѹǵĶϢ㡣
óֻɳϣƯƿAPP
֮ǰƯƿAPP˺ܶʾĺƯ߰˸Ưƿ
⼸춼ûʲô˯⣬ԽƯƿһ򿪡
[ͻȻèö˻ҼҺQAQĺöˮԵˣ]
[ĸСŶйأŲţŵĻVXתҸ㿴ҼĶ]
[һӲ̫ʹĹֱǹ棡]
[˵ĺХΪ˸磿ļٵİⶼˣôûʲôٶȣ]
[]
룺
֪طƯƿAPPġе㲻ͬ
⼸˼Ĺ۲죬زһ顪
ﻹһղҺгƽķʽš
Ա˴˵Ĵ֪ȴһŻֽֽϹڹĲֱȫĨ
ǧǰУˡ֮ΪСĴڣӵд壬ݵûпԺͺ߿͹Ĵֻ־壬ջڻ̻֮С
Ϊõ棬վֵĴڡ
ǧƽ⡣
ڳš
ȻˢСƵ˽⵽Ѿӵкһϸߵ͵ˣǵĿƼչѸ٣һڹܺöСС֡
򲻵ѵʱ̣ȷʵҲҪһֱĺƽ
ƯƿAPPƺ˺ܶй;󲿷ֽǶŬӦǱԲͬĥȻЩѡοйʱܲϰʹõ΢Ż΢һ罻ôһԡ͡ΪƯƿAPPͳΪе
йƯƿ䵽ͬ˵УղһЦ
ҪǱ࿴Ҳ޷Ϊ󲿷˵ĵһӦƯƿں˵ȻҲź˵һٽƯƿӽС
˿̣Ǹղͬˡ
ֹˣ˺üĽңһǳƯƯƿдϽʮǿҵǴǶһѽƯƿӵˮźˮεε Ƶؽ͸ɫƿӾ뺣Уͨͳȥ
˭ƿӣǾ͸ûʲôϵˡ

ڶûȥڳⷿΧתһȦ˼үڻ̳죬ҲƤ˹ȥүһչСӳôÿɤŶˣԭЩҪڵ˭˭ҶͷС֮İ˲ʻضӣЦе룺Сӣж𣿡
ܳϽҡҡͷ
ү۾һȥǣ꼸ʲôѽÿ¹ʶٰϲкӻŮӰ
룺ʮ壬ҹûйʡ
ҹûйʡ
仰УүıʱһգŶһŤͷȥֽ˭ҶӺСĹ¡Ҳǵ䵭ֻζȻšһүǶΪСŶʱһӣ˲ҪȻӷǵøѵԳԣ
Ϊ˰ɣ㶼ˣ˵ɳһ㲻ܼ¡
үǼұˣôܹܣ
ɳ֣һֱһɢһգڴүڽ׼뿪֮ʣ˴үߣ˴үλɳݵרҵԱ֤Ϣ
үֻ˼Ŀ⿴뼸ۣҲûʣϸظ뽲˽κŬ´үĻ׼ȥһ¡
ɸ˸绰˵Լ黹û׽꣬Ҫʡһʱ䣬˳ʲôһƺ־ԼڴϽʰϽһ䣺û˼㡣
ش𣺡ʱûС
ͷ뵽벢ܿϽֵûϵסŰɡҽһ¹ƺæܲôؾԼһסǶעⰲȫ
ӦһãҲ˵Լİš
ȥɳ֤֤ܰܶ飬ҲȥЩ򵥵ĹǮȻΪóԼĳⷿס̫áԺ϶Ҫ˼䳤ھסģһ˹Ԣ
ղŻʱһϾ죬İ֤е鷳
˯˼ʱ⣬֤ݡʵҲ࣬ȥ֤е顣
ӣЩΪѡ
ͷºȻЩգգ۾ԭΪֻ˻ɽǡ˵ʧ䣬û뵽Է֤ûУ԰ȻʧҲû֤ô֪Լģ
Ӧ뼸䣬Ҷϵ绰ǰͷļʻ£˵һʧֻǵԼ֣ʲôǵ𣿡
ֻѡʧ䣿͸ӾԵ˼ˣƲƲĴԷݶû͸Ұؼңһ˴ǳⷿҲϸɷ
µҲ죬˵ʵġ
ǰĳ죬Ӧųܣ޵˳ꡣһֻӾԼСĻ̳ڽˣӾ˿ɿؽ˴ԼļңһסһϡӾ˯ҹŵ
Ӿ֪ʱྯһֱҵɱ˷ҲΪԷɱ
һ¾֪˵ļ飬üʼҺӾɲһһῴࡣ˵еŹ֣Ȼ壬Բв
²㱻ˮǺ㿴˼ҵ㻹˴ؼң
һָ˻Σ㲻֪һҿ˭𣿡
˭
ظרɥƷϰ壬зǰɣͷе㲻̫һΧƵǲǰɫģǺɫġ˸ҵĸо߸Σգǰֻº͡
Ƕ£ôܡ
°Ϳµ۾ͷҸʶȥһϢ
£ȥϢ
һ޹һ㰡

ٴյϢԺ۾ٿȻһ
ûȶã˹ˡ
Ҷŵ绰ߵСͬʱں͵绰һͷ¾˵ĺæҸո׷ٵֻټͷҪҹˡҵأҷǮ𣡡
µԵƽ޲˰ɣǰ칫ѹҪԼԱ׷ٶΪʲô֪ˣҪģܵøһ
ҶƲ죺ɰɡ
˵ҲͦɣĵطƽǸ͹ȥ֮ٻˣֻˣʱӦòỻλá
ֻ߽Сһ·¥档ʱҶȻһ£ͻȻһҲֵͦģ곤Ҳ̫ÿˣǸȦСⶼÿ
Ҷ쵱֣ЦʣɣҴȥǲŰϢ
Цŵͷ鷳ˡ
ˣ鷳鷳Ҷһ£ָ˽ͣǲʵûи֤ʸ񣬲Գ棬ʱűȥɳˣ֤Ӧúܿˡ
Ҷ˵Żͣ·ߵĺڳߡ
򿪳ţϳȴֶԷվ£ĿԶԶ·档
Ҷʶȥ
۵һүүͷը꣬дšŻݣ깺һһ
ҶͻȻڡ
Ҷɻһ
ı΢΢¶ºˮЦݣԽҶʮǮը
Ҷ죺
*


07 
ҶԺظ߽ը꣬ǮݳȥʱЩûӦ
ô˧Ĵ˧ըȻҪǮ
ʮ鶼ò
ת뵽ڵ绰ڽ͵ϢֲЩʲôǵõ˧磬ӹֻըһϣʮͲûˣ꼴Եֻը͵Եˡ
ɽԺȷʵûԹըܶҵĹ档
ը㣬˺ļ⻬ۻ֭ˮ
룬Ҷ˸΢ţ׼Ժ׬ǮٰǮֻǺЦŽӹһֻը˵һлл󣬿ҶЦøɵһ䣺ûое䣿
䣿
Ҷ룬һըתһߵΪյ
ˡ
ûܴҶĿбĳΪ˫ֱضǰĽ
ըǰһ۵ұ־дţϴּ䡣˿̣һΡΡӰϴּĹսǴ߳壬 Ϻһ䣬ƺԵúܲÿһͬڵϣ˶ݺݲһ¡
ȻһִֻӰļ˵УүҪæ𣿡
ŵӰᶶ˶С̧۾¶ǴүǸʮµˡ˿ĶһϢ̼˻ظ֪Σս١ֻãã󺣵ץסһץסѯǷҪæҶ죬˻ƣҡ
µһ˲䣬ʹȻϮͬнͣһӰ
ʮǰ
ٻһʱըϴּǰŸ߽ϴּ㷢˹죬һǹر״̬ˡһ˶жϡͲܿõġ
۵һҰ֮ϴּĸ·һɫĶվԭش㶵ؿһӡ
ҪʱԻὫһӵʱеĶѸܳȥ
ɵһվԭطҪɫʲôʶ
ɫһڵ棬ɫ֫ͷ­ªĻ́ɺ۾ϴζ弤΢΢һһ嶼סˣܿ㴥ٵЬӡ
پһľͷȫ޷ƿԼ壬ؿɫִؿڵλãȻС֮ڡ
ҵʹʱٵǻδɢȥɲȻʹָԼĶӣҪĹٳĶӸûбʿĺۼ·شϡͬʱԺȥȥ
ԽĴߴ٣ŨŨвٶͷ亹һһεǴˮ̳һôڵιȥˣȻʹ̼񾭣е뷨ܡ
֮£ֻӲͷƤűƬƤʹһһߡ
˵ǣո߳ϴּţͱһ˸סˣˡ
ҵǣĺɫƺˡ

ʶǰƺӰ˵Ҷ˲䷴Ӧͳֻ׼ϵǰ칫ҵΡ
һץסٵļҶֻ溰ΣҴһˣƽСүүը꣬
ͨѸٰϣҶθϹˣڵеءֻһͨ࣬ԸʵҲûʲô취ֻֻܿҪεͿˡ
ֻ
ҶԸоµٿʼ˱仯͵忪ʼֱļǱҶ찴סļ򴦺м͹ġȻٵ΢΢һҶȻӽİѹ͵ؽһת
ٵϰŤѸŤ
ŤתҶټϵִ壬Ҷ챻˦ͷۻ¡
̣ʹʺ
Ϊ˷ֹ֧ѣҶԽԼ˶ԷϣͼԼһʮѹԷ
ϧ⸹ҶҪһ㡣
أ
Ҷ챻˦ڵϣײһĴʯǽשϣһҶΪԼҪˣʵûоʹѸٴӵ
ճתڣҶһ۾ͿٵӰȺ֮С
ȥ˼ΪʲôϴּĶܴȴע⵽һƬ۾ٵӰеĸƿӹ壬Ť˳ͨխߵ
١˿š
̣֮ܶըĿ̫࣬˿Ǽһ˳ӡ١ͼһ༷һߣֻǶúοȫûиȥĿռ䡣ͷһѾϴּſҶ죬ҧҧƺȻһԷм䣬ϱĹ¶ƤõӸ
ϸ΢ܼʹ˼гܺ˲һóһ˿ͨеĿռ䡣
١˫۰۾һ̼˳ȥ
ȵҶ׷ʱ޶Ѿ±ϣɵص˵Ÿոյ֮Ҷż⿴˿šλһ 鷳һáŬȺ
ȻٶȵһȺʱ򣬡١Ѿܳըţһ·
ֻҪȺ˵׷ٳ壬˾ϰٷ֮ʮʮҪЩ׷ɱ
١۾ŷһǿҵİ׹⣬ֱɴɣϾˣ
Ȼ;ĥѡ
١ĥһֻЬ
һֻЬԶ׵ʱ򣬡١ûе¡ֻһֻССЬѣ
ѸٽϵĹԼɼ״ڡ١УֻЬײĹұĹõĻܷЬ˵ϡ
ʱһͷ֡
ʵĽȻ෴
ֻЬͻĹϣžߴһºݺĺסɲǼ䣬١ȴطֺײδʹڷı仯òڽĹ̥ʼѪа룬»ָԭ״̬Ψ𽥹޾ѹڹ̥һŽٵ˳ȥ
û˸ȫ˯һԵڵ 
ִٴٶƲסĹǰʮ׾룬ձһֻŲסˡ
Ҷ͵վſڡ
ĿԼЬš١˳ȥ
ơ
׼
Ҷ컹վţֱһֻԼǰ˻ΡȥעҶ˳޳ָȥ¶һмֱǸЦݣ˼鷳ҼһЬ𣿡
ЬŪҪǮġ
*


08 
ǰ·ϣҶЬϿ˲ʮΡ
޵ĶԻҲڼ
޾ǸͻȻֲһŲס˹ĸˡ
˿̣˫ỵ̂Ŀ޵ضźӾˣһѯʣʲôû
ش޵Ҷ죬Ҷ죺ѽϴ˼붼˵ˣۣЬٶãǻûͰɣأ¶ˣ֮ǰյڸֵϢû뵽Ȼըˡ
Ե֡Цŵ
Ҷ˫һϣɲԵҲˡ
ޣ
ջںӾĿ⣬ζһ
ʲôû˵ԼǽۣҶһԴȱ
ӺܿλǾһϾɾ¥¥ߵľ¥⿴Ѿ𲻿Զ̿ǽƤ⼣߲ţÿһϸڶдų¾֡ŵſд[Ű´]ͬѾֱڵ˴롣һۿȥи۷
[Ű]ӦĸֱַӦ[]
СûеͣϵͣλԵЩţ޽ԼĳԿӸҶ죬ͣ˳Ժ󽫸ȥ칫ң룬͹ȥòϾС
Ҷ쿪ųһߣޱºЦŵ롣
޵һۿ;е㵭Υ͸ϡúÿù֣Ǵӻһ˫۾޶ͫʱ˲䱻ק޾ǿգһƬžɫĻвͣ׹ȥʲôʱ⡣
ֱԷƿߡ
Σա
ڻعĵһӦĿٴԷĵЦβ΢ĻȣŸɾЦʶΣաıǩϸժˡ
͡˵ĸо
֪㲻ͨˡ޿ڣѾû̽ܵغֻ˵һѣ㲻ǽۣûһЬѿںϵĸĳը۷
ʱըֻͨҶ롣ҶȻԱʵֻǸͨ ԼֹȥһС֣Ҷ챻١Ʒһ¾Ҷϴּڣỹը۷
ţ˳Ȼ㲻¶ʲôʲô˵ģ͵лչҵԱˡ
ƫͷ
ʵһ۾Ϳ޵ı壬һֻ̫ˮ롣
˵Ψһһֻˮ롣
߰ǰʼһĪɡȵ˯ǰһֻʣֻ룬һֻǻ룬Ҳ峤ʣһֻˮ롣
ûֻոճõˮ롣
ûжʣֻǶ˵һллȥĶ¥¥칫ҵԱǳ飬һܹģּޣˡ
ݸ֤ϲʮӣָɳǱߴ˵绰ЦеʱֱӹȥƽɳͿˡ
봹ϣ۾лл

ҶŸһһĸش߽һ·ֱǰİ¥ǹλеİ칫ҡ
ʮӺ󣬼˵Ҷץֻ
ûʲô飬ԱǼس嵽˰¥칫ңǽ͵
˵ʱʱ죬ֻһֻЬճƶֱֱٵĺףҶһˮڹЦҹ£һţƺ䣬һֻЬͿԴܸ졣
ԪЦеŤͷޣô
޷˸ۣ˵˵Ьӵ׼˵㡣
Ԫ±±°ܹͣǱ˵Ҫչ˵ˣܱ㿴ϣӦҲȥɡٿҪǸӣȥҲͦõġ
Ӧһ
УСȥظרɥƷ绰ǹ⸹˶٣ԪӦͦæģعС
üҾ÷æ
ԪһСôأ˵æͺæ
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뿪ԺȥƽɳΪͷӵе϶ܷϹ涨֤ĽҲ˳ɳʱɳ˻ͦ࣬Һɲš
ҲֵԸһʱǸĲˣԼϣζվڴ
ˡӦ˵
ǲһȺЫұһԭǰ
мǿСྯ졣
ȿڵǰߴߴŵҲ֣ͦģٺͱ鶼Աǵ鲻̫ãǼҾƭӣոǱ̸ʱ˵ĶأоȻ̤治ҪֵǣоȻִˣ
Ыһˣƨ˵ǼҹŮҶϴСС˿ڶŮģǼұұ
񣺡ǻΪȱҹŮ
Ы
˰죬ʵеΪʲôֳܻܵɳиרŸ͹־׵İ칫ҵ
ʱ򣬿ྯͷؾʾ˫侲һ£Բһµ׷ʲô
ԭǰ岻һֱڼЫ绰ֹͨ˻յЫֻһƬƬΪѵЫһŮ§һ𣬰񵱼ŭ
ȥЫʱЫȻҺ˵˵˵Լûг죬һֱͰһ
Цˡ
Ыĵò죬Ыֻܷ֪¶ֵɳ
ྯͷҪ˵ǲ̸ƨ¶ûС۵üģ̧̧°ͣƬҿ
ֻݹȥྯŴƬͰԱһ£ȻùĿ⿴Ы˵㵱ʱŵﳤһˣûȾƺȵϴŮ˰ɣֵܣеİ̸ͺṳ̸֪́
Ы˵Ƭpsģ
ҲҶ֤ó㻹ģⲻǷ
ҲǴ˿̣ɳĴſͣһ쳤ӿȥֵϰĳ겻ɵզ࣬˫ζųŵλãƺҪߺˡ
һȲȵɫޱ߽ɳš
ĿڴڵȺתһȦʣ˭򣿡
һ㶣Ͻ֡
еĿڴݸҵ깺ڤңǧ飬֧΢תˣ
˻˿ڣΧ˲ͻȻĹƷдţظרɥƷ
滹һ绰롣
ġ
ڤҸʲôѻûأˣ
˲Ű
Ȼ˼Ϊ˲ŵȴ͵صɴ۾ŷ֣ûⶫ
Ի۾㲻븶Ǯ
򶼿ˣǣûǲŪˣ
Ūˣ
򿪹΢˺ţ㿪һԻޱĵ򣬵绰β6625صƽɳⲻ𣿡
һ㶡
绰ȷʵڤĲİ
ƺҲʶе֣Ը΢˺Ųȥһ΢ŵ绰Ӻ󣬶ɳ𣬷ŤͷȥֻȺһŮ˻ҵŰ
۾Ȼִ̧˸ָ
ɲǼΧһͣΨЫͰվԭأָһŮ˵ǿƲסһһˤ˷ǰ˴һۣЦ һֻѻ˼ҰȺʲô
ѻ
һ˵ɴ۾
ѻһˤϵ۷ƳһϤȻЫͰǰȻǺЫյŮˡ
񣺡
Ы
Ыָܻѻ֪ˣֻѻƭңƬ
ЫԴѪ˵ͳ˹ȥ
Ȼѻһµʱ򣬷һŵֿ壬ޱֻ̧ѻ΢Ż֧㣬ӵʱܽģñ
ѻɪ
ɵĻ±Ыһ巢֣ܻᱻԣֵǴ˿ȻǺܵġΪǰɥƷԱ˾ÿֻŵˡͫ¶ָֻ֣΢΢š
ת
ֻܿʾǧԪѵˣҲû߰һϷתߡ
ֻһ̤ɳʱƳһ۽ɳ

ȫûб۷Իװ࣬һվš
ȴǣż˼ľ̾
*


09 
±˷Լڲͬ뽫ݵվñͦΪװø۾ûգһ¡
Ψ˫еƭˡ
۲۷ɱεͨ඼ܷǵĿͣͺ˱ʱڡ
Ժ󿴵ĵһ൱İԣĺܼðڵѻͰһгԲŻڰ̸ʱȥİ񡣾ЫӾҲе⣬һ򵥵۷ŮѶϴ˼ζѻϣ
ɵһ
Ѿ߳ɳŵķζü򿪳뿪ɳ
һߣƵ۷һ紵ɢˡ
վ֮ྯԴеͷԡոպö˶˵ȴܵһѣΣ˿ǰһЩ΢Ļףⶼǹؼ
ؼڲֻһգ۵ʱ䣬ΪʲôոջִֻȴͻȻˣ
ྯɫ䣺ס֣лú˵ȫҹ
ЫͰҲֻѻڵϴмֻӻûбŭռǣ֪ĵִ̣ܽ˵ѹأʱֻѻһֱҪɳ׵ġԻ˵ʲôദ鴦öˣó
ΪµǱߵһۿѻ
ƣ
ðһ壬òȣԣȻҲбһֻѻƭʱ
ֱˣ
ྯҵ߽һ¥һ䣬ûֿԿҲڱȥƬ֤ߵ˼֤͵ӦûҪһʱ䡣
벢˷ʱ䣬ƽĽתһȦһֱҹһΪտͣ뵱ȻûտȻĺ㡣վտܵҲ࣬ǡִϷ磬Ǳ̻ùȻȸֵϵζ̼˿ˮҪˡ
뷭˷ԼĿڴվա
࿴տŵйС档տλƽһֵмλãԱ߹սȥһ̲ͣȵȣǳ󡣴˿վտǰϰͷ󺹣ϿĶͣɤӴ72ŵİȥ
̲ס죬һôôĥߴ
ŲŲе´ϰ壬׬Ǯ궯ֻӲͷƤȥʣϰ壬ǻ𣿡
տڿλ࣬˿ѾˣҲһ۵Ӻӣͬˡϰ㶼ûǰӰ£Ϊп˵㵥̧ͷһۡ
ϰ彫ԼĿɫժüʣ򹤣
һ⻰֪ϷϽͷ
ϰȴ۾ȻЦһ£ǿԣҪǲڣ͹
ʲôýģڹ˸ǮУ
Ҫͷʱϰȴһߴͷлһ߽ͣ⹤ʵģСӲһԵҪĳ򹤣ȳһ£ûУǾһĹʡ
ϰտ꿪ʮ꣬ڼҲйˣʵ˺տģΪĺۡ
ڵЩƢ꣬˿Ͷ˵͸ȼһըˡǼտҲƵ¹ʣһϴѧְΪͲ͵ٶ˵㣬ֱӺͿ˳ˡ䵹Ҳ˴ţƢһһһûע˾Ӹɼܡ
죬ϰͷм
֪ǧҽҩѣֱҪ
Դ֮ϰ͵ҹൣġ
˵ֳ룬ӦòּͬҪ󡣱Ͼ˭֪ϰ嵽ǲǼ̣һһֶ˵⹤ʺء
ϵǣ˵ͬˡ
ѹûϰ巴ܾĻᣬѸһŴϰȥ˳72ŵĲ̡
ȻֻǸСտ꣬Ϊ˷˿ͣÿ˿͵ŴŵСӣǳõһп72ţŮӡ˴˿Ź֭Це졣
̧߹ȥؽ̷£ֽ72Ӵջ
ϰ壺ͦ
˵ҲˣŬ
ԭֺϲʰһ֮󣬺ͻȻþȻ򡣵ȵֵʱȥϰڵÿմտǰ뿪ë˲ѬúͮͮĿɢļɨһȦܿ㷢ʰ롣
ȻһֱæſĿȴ޵ƳȻҲûϵı֡
˵ʵͦġ
տԱԼˣ֮⻹ţСӺͼʱæҲ۵ùǺͨһæǾ;̱ϣ˵
ͺܲһ
ʮɤŴԶʣСӣҼͷģɻڣǶ˲١
Աͷ
ϰСЦǺǵشȣʱ۶ǡȷʵɿ⣬治
ϰ壺
Ӻ󣬵뽫ϵʰãϰ֡
ԹߵԷߣһϰ塣
ϰߵĵӣֱӽСðһ£ȷʵǵ곤ȥĴ𣿡
գ۾ָ
壺ҵ˼ǣ㲻Ѫɣ˾·뷨𣿡
ȻǲǣúǮⷿӵġ
һ̸һĹʣʱн㣬һСʱʮ顣Ҫǵ˱Ƚ϶࣬æĻǮġ𣿡
ʱнȻ࣬ʵտһ㶼ϰ࣬ҹ˼СʱԿǷǳˡûʲôþܾģ̱˵ͷ
ȥһʺϰɵĹ˫¡
ĺײúøУǴ򹤵ʱ̫ãֿһЩԡ
۾һ¾ˡ
šͺ޾ĺҹǿգͻȻСݡ
ڳԵһֱάֵؼҡԡϴɾϵտζɳϣ۾
óֻƯƿAPPõؽһֽƯƿС
ͬʱƮһƯƿ
[һΪαװúܳɹļһͦÿԴ̫]
뿴Ŷһ
ܾǰʱܻıˡ
ʻտ򹤵ʱһȺС˵ġ
ֽƯƿ£ȥƿӡ
ʮĵظרɥƷڣſϣڵĵӻ˸Ű׹⣬̧ƳƳĵشƤһƯƿ
еƯƿ͸ĲϸʵеɫĹΣһ໹ýɫıʻһܿɰèͷ
һעID㡣
ٿƯƿݣտ˷ݹʱнȻжʮ飬ر^^

ʮʱнĵصطƯƿûʶ
*


10 
һʱ䣬붼տ򹤡
տϰر⣬Сӳò򹤵ϣݣȴǵԼԱȲϡӦٶȿ죬ƢºͣԿ͡
Լֱ˸
һվտ򹤣տϰ࣬ǰæһ²͹ֽӵϸϸһ顣ЩʵҲŹССʱֵ죬ڵ˿̵տ껹ûй˿ͣҲûţߵϰһྵԣӹϰݹĹӣһһ졣
ϰǸƽİͨŻʮ˷û֪İԡ
صص˱裬Ƥӵֽ¨ؿڣ˵ۼǰǼտ꣬ǸտǼϰǸǸĺϰϼҲʡǰؼҽˣ˵СҲˡǲôţܰɣ˵ǹصϼңΪգһֱҪְ֡
տԱ֮һСǵྐྵӣͷⲻͦأ˵ϰûиҡ
ϰһۣҪͺˣϼһصŸŮأ
С˲Բ۾Ůˣ𣿡
ϰؾָҡҡһͬ˵Ů·ģ˵ǴӼӳģǼ޵ǽһŶȻϰһֱӰŮ˴Լտ꣬˸
Ա֮С켷С죺ŷ·£Ϊʲô
ϰЦһҲ˵ֻ¶ѡҽȥ˵ʱ߲̯ϰҽŶϷϰŮֹȥġ˰ͦһһûţ
СܺСһۣﶼðһ˿ġ
ȻʲôŤͷ֮Ψһԡ롣
ֽ׶ʶԶԣ󲿷ͨţŮл⣬඼˵˻
е㲻̫һ
صͷѵòһ䣺бӦġ
ûǴĻǧǰû˯֮ǰҲƵ顣ǸеһֱӣϿɼȻҪӭȢڱ˿۷ˡ岻Ҫʲô³Ĺپˡ
λϼһ˵꣬൱

뿪ʼտĿ˱½½ˡ
Ҳ֪ǲĴĿ˱˲١
һֱæſ嶼пϢˡ
СܺСѸոճһӲɾȥӵĴͰʱһտϿͻǸʮԣƽʱͷǳһ٣Ǹʳ
СûͬеЦеʣĸҪȥƵļѽ
СĸסһСż棬˹ϵ㲻ҲܴкԷ⻰ ЦЦָָǰʮ·ڡ
ƽϻṆֵ̀ƽ˳Ϊʳһ֡ǽϵ̲궼ңʮ·ںĵҲ٣ϰｲᵽķտǶ
ĸ磺Ƕ¿˼ðˣȥζտ
СЦҪǲܵҰ
Сĸ˵ݰݣصտꡣûԺĿ⣬͵ʱȻ˴ողʶ ֳˣҪҲԲ˿
Сŵû˼ֱ˼ĸĹʣְȰȰһͨܣֱԣθ磬Ҫȥ϶ܺģ
СҲŵͷ
ϰӳ̲ⷬסЦЦǵʱǧҪǼ档
Ѿ˿ݣνֱҲ˽⣬ʱӦòʺĹһûǮװԵ豸˽⻹ûǳķϡ
һ㡣
۾ҴӦɻģֱˡ
·ļһޣС
򼸸Աⲻ̫ãҪûʲô˵ĻǾصϢɡ
ϡ
賿һңûʲôտ˴ţŮͬ·˻͵ΡСķʮ·ǱߣһƵعȥ·տʱСܺСٿصɴ۾
˶һۣнǾȣʲôտôˣ
ⶼ賿ˣտ澹ȻΪ״ֵ̬ĵ·СܺС춼ɵ𺳡
ţһߣСһ߶ֵֹģǼҵƽʱֻ˵һ
Сͷĺöˡ
ңҲ֪ǲˣղźڷտĵſڿ˸ˣǵϿͻǰྣ˵ʲô󣬳ԱտǾǵտԼĿζжԷصտζһ㡣
С죺
Ȼ˵Ҫţĸˡ

˳ССͻصСżĳⷿߡ
ƹһƿ߲ϵ˴Żɫı־·֪С硣
˵ʵġ
ûǮƿ
̾һҪ׼ʱ͵вһѵ飬ѾûƿСջĿ⣬ʱ˷ֻ߿Щڳ˵Ͳˡ
룬׬ǮȻҪ飡
ڶһ磬ȥһҼŵϰ࣬ʱȥɳ֤ҼŵȽرȫĵ꣬ͦԱտģԼʱнͺˣŵ껹ǩͬǰ֤У֤ʧǩҲ˸곤ͬ⡣
ڿ԰Ѻͬǩˡ
Ȼ벻ǣ֤ȥҸ곤ʱ򣬸곤ںһ˳ܡŵһԱĸ룬Ǽŵĵ곤ҵġ곤͸곤ѧͬѣԼ˱ҵԺһ𿪵ꡣ˵Ĺϵ̫ãԱܿ˳ܡ
Ļû˵أ곤شڼ˳Ŵ󲽣űݺһײ졣
곤·ʱŴһۣƺ˵ʲôְѻ˻ȥ
ĵ곤˳ǵ곤Ǹһ߼΢ֵˣĿԲмϣһһ䣺ҿ⼸ĹأϸԾͲǩͬˣȥĹɡ
һ¡
ԱߵԱҲ¡
ϸ
ʲôЦ⼸ɻûбŬԱ˺Ϊ̫Ŭ˶²۹˵ŵ˸Աըŵ;԰ʱв;豸øɸɾͰڵԳСʱӣ֮ܶһŵ궼ɾ˺ö࣬һʱ䶼
⻹ϸ
ҪӲ˵ϸҲĲϸŶԡ
Աӣ˵仰ֵǿϰԼҲû˹ֻܱվڽһԡ
Ǹ곤ȥ
곤һüҳһ¡
ߵŵ⣬곤˵ǸȸǸⱾҺ͵곤֮⣬ǣˡ֮ǰҸԱΪæڵ⼸Ҳˣ곤û˵Ժÿ춼æͲҪôԱˡ
Ҫˡ
Ȼ
곤˵ûǩͬ⼸ĹҲܸ㡣뻹ǾĹȥǵʱ˵ǧǮһ£⼸õһǧֱ࣬תɣ͵Ҳˡ
곤ȻԵ곤Ϊ΢ʣʵöԲס룬ת˵ٶȺܿ졣
ת˵ͷһ̵ĵ곤գ۾
*


11 
Ȼŵˣ鲢ûкʧ䡣
̫ᱻСӰ죬ΪһѾñȫҪ
Ϊ粻ϰˣԸԼ˸٣±Ѽʡ
㣬տϰࡣ
ϧǣտɲ࣬ԳƵ壬ǰͥȫͬտԱǰСǰ۰ͰͿ·һˣС°͸пĸ绹˵Ҫտƭ˵Ĵӡ
ϰе£СƽʱҲͦæġ
Сһͷ
ʮҵʱտµĿˣȵ͹ѡʱŷ⼸ﾹȻԼˡҶ졣
ҶǺԼͬһģһȺĸƺǸողŴ°࣬ÿ˵϶мƣģȵѡ˿ŵǹ˵ζƣɫһɨҶŤͷߵʱ۽ǵƳ˴߳꣬²һ٣Ȼɴ۾룡
̧ȥҶ첻ɵԷԵը΢ЦųҶͷк߳ҹãԡ
ҶԸϽҡҡͷҽͬһģҳҲ̫ˡ
˵ţһߺ˵һߵСǰʣ𣿡
ͷǵϣ˳м˵˼˼ƿơơ
Ϊڿ٣ϰһϢϰ廹ŬƬյҲҶһԼԼССλԱҶһͬŹװơһڣ롣
ԴҶһЬ֮󣬲˵ǰ칫ҶĴ׹һ֪˫ЬĻԻ¡
ѾҶĿ֪ĳܳɫĳʵǸЬսϵ
ͬºôչȥС룺һЬҲ̫ˣʵ˵ǰǲʲôǹģȻ׼ͷôôã
벻ɫá
ͬ£ţ
һҽܣͬ¿ΧյĻѹøˣ˵տôôٰǰȻû˵տİô£
һλͬҲ棺Ǹոչʱ򿴵ǸտֱΪ涼ˣŶŵϳˡһ䣬ϰ˵ŵǹҪСʱ֮ˡ
֡
ֲ꣬һֺصҵô࣬ôãζ϶ܲ
Ǳڷտˣ˭֪һʾȻҪôá
칫࣬˷˵ڶֻææµµһ죬ҪĶûţֱӻؼƽˡ״̬˭ԸΪһڳԵĵСʱⲻȱ
Ǻԥģѡǡ
ʲôտô˰СܴӼ󾭹ʱͬµĻ𾪵̲סðһ䡣󣬵ΧտûˣѾصտܵҲ
忴õҶͬ¿϶Ļش͡
ӺҶ켸òͣ뼸ڵϣ
Сܽڷ˵һ飬죺ǼǲڸȻôôˣ˵ǼҵĿ˲ᶼȥ˰ɣ
ҾáǵġС۸ӵ̧Դеֻ˵ǰơ
չȥһ
Ǹֱҳ档
챻СԺصһЩֱһЩ۲ǵֱ
ԽҲһϳͬʱϳСֻҳϵλ·˵ǽҪտĸ硣
˿̵ĸСϣֻͷʱɽ[տ]ĸ¶˳
ĸһ鿾žͷЦеǳտҾӦҳԹóԵһտˡȻûǮǮȫвУǿҵĿˣǾ֪жܻӭˡ
˵žͷɨһȦ
Ȼɽ˺
ֱĹȴò̫Ծ
עĸĻǾصˣҲƽԼܱ߳ģ֪һƽտ
[ƭ˵İɣⲻǷտаɣҼǵ÷տζһģ]
[Ц˭֪ƽտţġ]
[ҼǵиƵ˵ԼϲտôȻĿˣǵǮǰɣ]
[˶٣ǳ˫]
Ϊĸ統ȻҲûдĵĻüԼԼԼ˵ǵտóԣտȷʵҪǸʤһﰡ˵첻ǵǵζˡ
ĸͷֻ˵һ䣺ڻ˿ˣζиĽɣҪǲŵĻԹóҸǱ

ĸ⻰˵üֱƶտζá
ֱ˱ˣ岻аشֻҪӷζȻϵķտصˣصɻʲôˣ
壺
ˡ
ǹ˺Լĵɡ
û֮͵Ҷǣտһˡֱʮ㣬Ҳû˹ϰǼ˯ŵĴ¡һʱҲû˵ʲôֻ̾عŻȥϢˣ뿪ʱտҪҪҲСԱˡ
ϰ뷨ΪԱ޷ҵġ
뻹ǴվСܺССʱȴҡҡͷС۾ЦθȻȥɣǽе飬㲻õô·
࿴Ůӡ
ߺܳӦò£˵ͷ
СܺСվԭصʮӣȷѾ뿪Ŷһۣعʮ·ڡʵǴȥտζ治ˣտǰ컹ζһأôͻȻ֮ôˣ
ôô֡
˲Ǻܶ࣬ŮӺ˳ҵһ£̧ҪˣͻȻһĿԡ
СʶŤͷȥͻȻ˴
СĵʲôҲŤͷ˹ȥ
С죺
һ֮ңλãʮǰ໥Сϡע⵽ŮǴ͵Ŀ⣬۾ǲ˼ЦЦ߳жóԡ
СܺСлⲻ
СʱһǰĿʿˮ
׼ȷ˵ֻСܺСʿˮ
ʵҲģĺ㰡
˵һкһУտ˶ʮ˱տѾ᲻ʲôȤˡСܺСȻδľ磬տ򹤵ʱҲ٣˵öԿζˡ
ʵȴǡ
տĿһǹŨҵζֱ굽˵ֹܣǽ˵඼ߴߴġȻִ˳Ѫ֫ٺͼˡ
ʱ˿̣ͱҪԳһڿѹĵ׵Ŀ
һڣǰҳӡСܺСҲ̲ס˲䵹ꡣ
鿾⴮СܸϽƵǰθ㳢̫óˡ
룺
ȻܲԾ԰ɣ
ЩһѾؿ˿Сδ˵СһпȷʵҪ΢óһ㡣
봹ȥЩĵһ̣ŵһ޵ζ
һɵˮζ
ĵųЩŮϣĿ⣬뻹һţŽ
ɲǼ䣬ͻȻصɽ˯
ǹɱֻԼԼˮζ˲һڿǻڱϯǻ
ýʵţˮʮµһſſġ
룺
̣һŰֳ͵ĵ죬̲סˡ
Ż
뻹ûĶ³ұ߽ﴫһyue
ذ죬ˡ
Ķ棬һµķֻ
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12 
سǸ⡣
˿ͻġ
ԺŶӶҪտǡĳЩϿһܻտ[տ]ǵֱ߾벻ס
ҪǴ´εõȵʲôʱ
·λϴе㲻ԸջǿקˡΪظʮ֮һ̾ŵǹɲڿУ޵ˮζ죬Ťͷ
ɫڶĿֻ֮ζü𣿵㵥
زаصˡ
СʱԺһyueΧĹ˿еĿ˹
أ
˵ǿĲţ治ǹ⡣ֻⱲûԹôѳԵտûסyueˡ
ΧĿȻΪʲôҪyueǵǿȥʱصķθлûɢֻһһεǻʶƹ˵ɫȥеףеģ

һʮµΪˬüô£տԵúúõģ£Ӱ˭ʳأ
˻һõ˵ĵͷͬһ˻Ƴһۣһ˼Ŀ⽫شװףǲǱտҵİҿҲûеưܲǺȶˣȻô£֮ܳԵտֱĶͣ㻹£ǵտѳԣû˳Ծȥ취Ŀˣǲв
ҿв
žһһŤͷȥֻСһϣһ˫۾˵ĿˣôտˣŶ˵տóԾǵ˰˵ʲô֢񾭲ĵ˭
һ顣
ԭΪտǰϿͻϳڸܵĲǵԱ
ʶأȻԷѹûʲôϵҲеΡ
Сܼ״һ߷ߵ⴮һڣȴһֻ뽫ĿŻصϣӭɻĿ⣬ˡ
Сһ㶡
漴ͷ
ﲻԣСֻΪ뿴տʲôôˡǿҲ֪ԭˣ޷Ǿϰڿζ˹򡣵Բѱɣ뻹Ҫ֧ǵģ
С͵ؽտһƣˡ
СҲͷ
һߣڸŻʮԺڽǹɶĵˮζɢˣæһˮ˻ԹĿ⿴ȴû
˵бǰԣ롣
ɳװļһּˡ
ǡʱ˴ӷտĵ˳Ǹȥʮ꣬ϴŸɾ·첽ߵصǰһ˫۾صһº͵Цݣʣÿˣʲô鷳𣿡
Բ˵ĿƯŵˮζˡ
⡣
ڣһԵķڵθס
أ
תȥصһˮһֱ뿪ˮζˮδɢ룬̧ˮһ¡

ġ
Ҫ
ܲסӵˮƿӰȾߣһ߻һװģˣθ׿϶ַˣˣ߰ɡ
ЦЦȴҲû˵ʲô
һߣ֮ǰС˵Ŀһ䣺ʲôθͦػտѹҪyue
߳˰׾룬ܵθŤͷɳֵķտ⵽ô£й֣
ǲǹо
ڨڨһЦ
绰ʱ˳ǰǵҵϡ
ŶһʣϴҪԴ˵ǹ𣿡
һصɵƵģٱн֪֪
أ
С

뽫СС͵Сջǻ˳ⷿ
ûǸһˣ֪ԷͨˣҲ֪Է϶ϵ
ǰΪɳʵʩ۷Ϊȥʱһ칫ҿ˼ƬдšƸԱء
ֺƬͽ쿴λֱһģһ
ڣȻҲġ
ڶһ磬㴩ϴϴҺζĸɾ·ƽĽϡڼŵĹʹգȻҪĹڼŵڵ̲ǰվһ˿̲껹û˵ĸʾ
룬ˡ
ȵ̲꿪š
̲ȿŵǸڼŵꡣŵĸ곤ŵʱ۽ǵƳ룬˶٣û̲йʾ֪ɣҲûصغкֻĬżš
ûһŵǰ˼ˡ
Ϊ׵̽ͷ˿ʸ곤ǵ곤Լ˵Ҫ̸һ̸תõ顣
תã
곤ͫһ˶еˡ
ɳҪѼŵˣʲôʱ飬Ϊʲô곤ʲô֪
˿Ÿ곤ãı飬һǻ֪ɣɳСӶĲǮˣǷһƨծ͵͵ŰŵķˣǮǻꡣ
϶û˵ɣ绰ϽǺú̸̸
곤Ĳ֣ɫѾˡ
ʵϴѧʱɳͳԹһʱ䣬ˣ곤Ҳû¡˭֪ô꣬Ȼֹ̬ȣ
ŭһһӿ곤ֻ绰ʱָڶ
ûȵ绰ȥɳ͵ˡ
ɳģȥǳƣϵ·Ҳģϻһ۵İӡŷ¶֪ˣ֮䳳һܡ
ɳجج߽ŵ꣬δ۽ӭһȭͷ곤һȭͷϣܻɳûվסһƨɵڵϡҲȭͷ̱عɫѿ̧ͷȥҪɫȴٿȻһ䣬ŭɶͻš
곤ʣô
˺ЦһԼ棬̸ת𣿡
ɳɫѿˡ
ſתõõǮҪܿǮȥĳ׬ͰѵתҲ㹼곤ôҲû뵽绰˵ԼŵȤ˾Ȼ׷ծģ
ҪҲ˲Ƥ
ɳ˵̴ӵŤͷͳ·˳ȥ
ɲǼ䡣
ȣ̶ɲȺļͬһʱ
תͷȥʱֻһƬѪƬƬڵϣȵĿﻺȾ˼ŵѪζ
ûһȻ;뵽ڵɳˡ
Ǽ׷ծɳ¶ʱܵӰ٣˿ֻʣ´㶵ԭصĸ곤
޳ָ˵㡣
ĵɳˡ
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13 
ȻĿ֤Լض֤ɳԼܵ·뵼±ײģһ£Ӽŵ긱곤Ŀе֪ľ
һ켦ŵ궼ţ곤뿪ʱ˻ЩججģȫܲĽ
Ȼɳìܺܶ࣬ɳ˽תõ̵Щú޲ɳȥ
˿Ѿվ̲ڹ۲Ա̲Ĺ̡
λεԱ̲ϰȻ⡣ҪΪϰѣƽʱ·˻Ҫרͣ˵仰ǰʱ彫տԱǰǰ佱˺üΡ
ϰ嵱ʱĽˡ
̲Աһһףǰ컹մһԱ̲깤Ĺ󣬾½ԱԱԹصġΪϰݡĲʵţȻûһ˸Ҿٱ
ϰⷢĳλԱȦ̬ʶԡ
ⲻϽ˴ˣֿʼй
˭þȻˣ
ʱϰҲͦģΪ벻ǸˣϾ⼸ⲻõҲ˵һʲ֪һһݹҲãɰĹϾŵ㵽ĵ㡣
Ȼͬġ
̲˲࣬ϰڵ꣬ԱҲЪһЪһЪ˵ڵļŵꡣ
ŵ곤ײѪȳ淢ڰ˵ ʱ̲껹ûţԱǻδϰ࣬Ȼ˿ƽ򲢲󣬶̶һСʱ·ڵžѾȦˣЩͼƬƵ
ԱƲƲ죬ƵҿˣҪ
ϰ尥һô˵أɳҲ̫Уǰһء
ϰɳһСģɳĸĹϵɳ飬ϰ廹һ񡣵ΪϵԲ֪ɳ⼸ԽԽľͷҾżҸڣʱżҴҶĵҪ
죬صؼңŴ򿪵ʱɿɳſɳҪţŲáƫݵŮһŰ֣һקɳźžҪȥǮģΪҲ֪ǰ㶼ˣʲôˣ
ӵĿɳȴͷ
˺Ů죬ǰ͵һ˦ֲ˦ȥ޴Ĺһƨˤڵϡ
ϰһ⻹˵ãȥȰܰæ
ɳǳСô˵ģ
Ȱûаɫһ䣺ôŸʲôôſˣ
һ̣ϰͷð̣޲һŰɳ¥ȥ
飬ϰɫǺѿɳ˶ˣ˵ٶҲá
˵ĶԻƷ뵥֧°ͣĿ΢΢һ
ɳĶ£ԶԶֹڴˡ
û˵

ССƽһ֮ڷ¡
һϰ˵ҷļŵ곤ɳײ
ڶǷտϰŴϼҸˡ
룬ǻûۼš˵ܷ˺ü˲֪ܷСȥгˣֱܵгžžžƲ˦ȥ
տڣϰ˵Űԡ
СܺСú棬԰ԺжӵȻҲʾ
СܺʣɲܷôֵģϼͦԶİɣ
⻹̫ˡϰһ˵ǲܷϼǱߺüˢ˷տƵŮġһʼЩҲû£ϾܷҪģϴȥгѾָָˡأҴҲûʲôãôС֪Ĳ֪ģ֪ˡ
տʼֻΪСǷտҵԱһŷֲԾ
ƽĶСȷʵͦÿģǱ۾۾ģᣬ˭Ц֪СݵģһۿȥøСڶҲһ
ǿϰ̫ÿʱ֪һֱԵϰʲôϰСտϰϼҸдء
Ȼͱǿˡ
żæŵֻȥʲܷĸĸܼҸĸˡ
鱻ܷ֪Էֱӽӽţһƽ˵·ϻƭǮⲢһС
Ƶأ
ϰ˵꣬Դ˹
ƵĳƽĲгƵȻһƵʼ¼ʵȰƻѾȥˣպðѲܷˤǻ˸š֮ȣСǺһ㣬ûˤҲûУֻߵܷҵģƺҪǰˣܷŵָıӣùԹվʱûպƱ߶߶ҶΪû
˵ŤͷŲܷЦ濪տ꣬ҸϹûҲͲ˵ˣϾǮΪ롣չ裬ˣźӻҪȥ㻤㵹ã§űŮͦǰɣ
ǰϼһ˵ô˵ʲôʱͰҺͺӽӹȥôϼҺãѧиõԴôк׵ھʲô¶ǰɣܷҪˣ
ܷһر˵ʮӶͣģǿڸеƣҲЪ
˶Ϊʹ˽ˣ˭뵽ܷſгھֻˣЦЦͷոƵĸλƵȥܷȻҪҰ

ϰﰴֻĿԹССпһҲ֪ܷԶˣտ᲻Ӱ졣
⡭϶İɣС룬СôˣɶȥǼҳ԰Ȼζȷʵͦ
û˵꣬Сܱע⵽ϰԼĵ
Сܣ
⣡˵©ˡ
СܳϰڨڨЦЦӲˡ
ߵҡ
СʶԼĻ˵ˡ
Ϊ͵͵ȥһۣտǰǺܶŶӡ
ܾȵǣϲų˲ܷץֳһ¶ϲܷСٴγտ꣬ҿԷı飬糣Կ˱º͵Цƺϵɲκ˺
̬ôã
Ȼô£
ô£ŮйŹ¡
տտ̯ǰ[칫]鳤ڿеˮζ˹شµ⡣
յصϢ뵱Ͼģס˽šһֱСʱǰŵÿգⲻһÿվˡ
Ϊһ۾ͿŮ졣
ֻˮĸ֡
ӣҪȥץ𣿡СԱĦȭƵʡ
ǰƾŰ˵ıԳɼĲʱǰ칫ҵδ鳤Ÿɻȥˣһֱϲ棬Ȼ󱻴ץ֡
ʲôһⲻǶԤԼҵҪˮĸտжóԡ
СԱζ֪϶ѳԡ
ĿɨΧĹ˿ͣıʵԺӣСԱˮĸ󲿷ֶжʱ뷨ڣǽһ
СԱȥЦеģҼǵԭֻǰɣ
СԱܳû뵽ǽӾȻԭζ֪
СԱı飬ŶһãˮĸĶһ㣬ǺĶ
*


14 
һ⻰СԱʶǽӺ뷨ǲġ
ⱾΪˮĸֽԼĶעտ˹˿ǵ񾭣˻þˮζ˭˶ģôտ

СԱѹĵѽӣǺĶǺܶģɾģԭȵĶϻҪٷ
˵ʱصظ绰Σճ̶ȡԵʱ˵绰¿ƸˣԷͦ⣬㽫Щ鶼˵˵˵¼ȡǰ칫ҵΡ
˵ְ칫ңĸɱǿ
ǽֻһƾüС֡
СֻǶ˵㣬ȴɱ
ƳС࣬СԱĵǻ벻⣺ʲôɾˣĶô
СҲǡ
˿ʮӣ˽ڽСĿ˵ֻˮĸΧ˼춼տ꣬жװɻЩ˺Ⱦͷʵϰϰأô갡
ֻҪ˵ƽ׽Сµ˶ó⻰мζŵ㲻⡣
ˮĸȻҲֻЦţˣҲϰϰϰϳȥԼˣԵҰæš
ˣ
Ҫô˵ʺء
ܷϲű˸ƣ˵гƵĳƵţϻƽ͵ĸųȥԼ᣿˲˼顣
Уֻнһƽһ⴮ǹɴ̱ŵˮζһ룬ͷǳӵһַΧУһޡ˲ץס˵Ķ䣬ͬʱҲǵע
һ뿴ȥڶ˵ע£Ĳؽһģûĵϰǲǲʰôйɹζ
ˮĸһζЦݽ˽Ҳһ㵣ǡ
ʲô˼
ѵտĶطˣ
Щ̫ֲִǺܶˮĸضҪǵˮĸֶȺ˵ȤҲûŪǣÿͶʱνССġ
ѵΪ̫СˣûУ
ˮĸüڣĻԼ
ˮĸ̵ûϵҸһ̾ͺá
ôأֳѵأ㰥һԼ㲻ô֪ǲǻģʱ֪ĻΪҹ¶ء
ѻ˵ϣˮĸȻҲپܾ
Χۿֵ¶һΪǸЦݣߵ˿⴮һ̣ˮĸδﲻԡֻһӵʱ䣬Ȼȥžߴһˤ˵ϡ
˿ǣ
˭ݣɫ䣬æҵ±ɣô°ô˰ҿûڿ¶СӡСϿ㣡
Сࣺ
Ĳ˵ǽݼĸ䡣
ֱûۿ
С˳绰˳ֲ˸顣ǱѾյϢ֪տֻ׼͵Ÿˡ
ûһˮĸͼڴ֮ͥ±ߡ
ло쿴ˮĸѪģǳ˳飬͵سλ˿ͣǻλŮʿӦжˣ˵жԭ򻹲Ϊ˸λİȫǣҲҪտˣȻ˴ȥҽԺ塣
˻һˮ˷ڵ͹տĿŵò
ھǰĵĹû

Ǳô£տϰ쳤ȥʮ·ڵķտ
̶̼֮ڣ㣬ôô¶ˡ
һʸĵ̣ҶںĽ׶Σδ˽⵽С룬һԶ˹ȥûһȺ˳ܷСж˵һ顣
ж
Сܵͷǰǰһ˵ΪտĿóΪܷĽ˵ʲôģڿûô򵥣˵տҩˣ
ϰһ㶣ļٵģôţ
Ҳ֪췴ˡС죬ֵ ˵ֳҩ𣿡
ôһ˵ȷʵпȥԵʱ;ùֵֹģտһ;ôôóԵĶСҲչ뵽Լţ⴮ɫ΢΢һ䣬ҲҲɶɣҪҪȥҽԺ
СܺСһӣɫ΢ס
һ֮ĵط뽫һݲպãңңԶֺܿջߡ
ˡ
ǳôһ¶Ҳûʲô˼ˣǰ뼸˻ؼҡСܺСڵԼ壬żæŵҽԺܣŲ˷տĵǰ˿̵ķտǰۼ˱ʱҪţȫƵһɽ˺
żǼûȥֻվྡ
úõһңúõһտ꣬Ụ̊ʲôˣ
ɲҺͲܷСӵĵʶ˵ԼĶϱãأܷСĲ񻰣úõһϱϧеûģҿҪŶ
ǲͦõʡû˼Һϱҿһ״Σ
棬˵ͷ
λĽ̸ȻûӲܷ˵˽緢ļŵ곤ײһλѹɤɳҲǸ񻰵ģ˵ȥأǡ
ŶϣһĶʡģ

ű㷢ԽԽСŤͷһŷּѾǰȥˡЩźտĵſڶ࿴ۣδԱӰԺ󣬱תˡ
ⷿȥ·ϣش˸Ƿ
ţ۽ǵƳʲôµĲһ١
֮УһڵģŵĺͣһС·ߡϱyueһӺᶫЩŰװֽԼӣ·ƵĹ⣬һǳlogoдţظר
룺
ôּˡ
ûǸˡ
뷨ո£ͿС˳
ڶԷϣԷҲüĵؿӵһۣп޾ĺڰŨĺԳһ磬һ׹ͻᱻװ̶޷
Ȼ뵽ԼЩꡣ
ʹһƬĺڰ֮С
˼ɢشŷ
Ĭ֮䣬Ѿߵǰһֻ޳԰׵ּźɫƬݵǰ
δڣعʶԼ˼ҿ˰죬е㷺졣ɫŲߣתƬʵ𣿡

ŶһǲҪˣòϡ
Ųɿ뿪
*


15 
˽̸ؾƨŤͷ
һͷˣ㶡˧翴ź찡
ŶˣڷտyueʱǲԶꡣ
ΪǹɹˮζĵùǺضûϸ۲Էһÿ
ϴڸʲôƬ
һֱȵ뿪زŰŲ˷ߣĿ⻮Ȼĵɵϴأ˼ˣ
в
أôвˣⲻǿƬ𣿡
һҿҿ죬Ϊ
˭֪һһġ
ϸһ£ǵظרɥƷһһλϰһλԱϰԱôȻˡ˵ǵͻ࣬ҲæùżͬһʱҪɥƷĿͻˣҲҵСæһ»СɲˣڹǣǾ͸жˡ
ҪǼһǾͲһˡ
Ĺأøʣøһ˵ð԰ס
Ѫ
УٺÿҲǵ򹤡
ţʹ˸񣺡ͶȥϽؼ˯
ظɰͰŶһڷ߽ʱʲôСʵ˵ϴ󰡣ոȥͶʱûŵǼϵĳζ
ֵĳζ
ƳһۣŵˣԼǵø绰˳ٱĻܲܶһ㡣
أ

ڶǰ̲ʱ·շغͣС
Сſڴ˿ͣż·߻վ̲ϰ塣Էʱ򣬶ԷǡҲ˹ϰ״֡߹ȥԺ󣬲ϰͣɳʬ˻ˣʰʰȥáҽͲȥ̲ˣǺúøɰ
ͷ
ϰ˵ټܿȥ̲ꡣ
̲˲࣬ڵ̵⻧˵·ڳôصĳϵ˶ûԵùŻ
Աһˡ
û˾ʹǲæվס˵ϰǮ̫Ѻãȴǳá
˴һ𣬹ϴֻ
һŤͷ룺θ磬ûпƽľͨտ¶ˡ
ôͳˣ
Щ⣬ڶԷĴߴ´ֻ
ҵ΢򿪣ܿͿԶ͵ҳϢ
һɨȥ
ƽ򾯷ͨȻܸߴʵˮĸĶֻ˵տڼһڿǣԲŻ˾úó񫡣տλϰСжȫǸ⣬˵ǶԷ˴̼ϲ˻ججһСİѺҩȥˡ
ͻһף·ֺ
עһ仰ᵽտϰϰ䲻֪٣Ŭ֮С
[ʲô˼ϰϰ֪鱩¶ηǱˣ]
[ɣҲֻϰɣϰ첻ս]
[ֳ˵ʵС˵ϰϰȥԼҾ;ú֡]
[ȸϡϰıôԼȥˡôú壡ֵֹģ]
θҲڿܷŵ䰡޴չգգۣؼҵʱ˵ܷ·ء
ţؿ
ʼ磺Ұ˵ǲܷ赣ĶϱصظǴ˵绰ǰæŵ㡣ҰһţָܷŴ绰˭Ҳûӡ
Ҫ˵һ·һԱǰѹأ˵ǱСסأ

Աһ˵ѽﶼôݵġкС鱻ŷ֣ɥĲľͰŸˣʵҲû
㵹˵˵ΪʲôҲһ𲻼ˣ
ԱǾСһˡ
ޣ
ʱζû뵽Щ黹汻ͬ¸ˡ

Ѷպࡣ
С߽칫ңһ۾Ϳ˼Աڵ룬ѶҾûˡ͹ˮĸΪˮĸץˣԷڷտɵĶ£ˡ
ʵȻûô򵥡
ҹӵƽ򾯷ĵ绰Ҳܷš
ԣûʳһλѶԱ
ѶԱҡҡͷһɫûأˮĸĲҪ˵֪ԣǰǰˡĲǷŹƨдʵģ˵ʲôԼÿֻտĹ˿һ㶾Ӱ˿͵а˵
ѶԱԽ˵Խǵ̬ȼҲˣʲô˵֪Ҫ˵Ͳöʲôƹأ˵־͸ֶΣ
վڽߵС̲סѶԱƳһۡ
ûĻѶԱͷð
Ĵܻ֡
档
ͬûǻ磬ϰҲĶԷļָڶԷʱ⧲һ£æڣ˱˰ȥһˮĸֵĵص㡣
һСʱŵСԱǵĻظ
ˮĸȥüط
һǳУһǷտ꣬һǳݣй԰
źûʲôرġСС
Ҳü
ͬʱİ̲ꡣ
̲Ĺֻյһ΢ţûͻš
̲ϼܣʱ䲻ĻԱϰ嶼̲š
һ̲ŵĶϿͻˡ
޿ۿյĵţ̻ظпյġ
ҪŤͷѯһԱ˭пյʱ΢ٴϢܲǵǸóÿԱ͹ѽ[ɰ]
ޣ
ǵ̲軹ǿ˧磿
ʮӺСؿС¿ǰ԰ѭŹ˿͸λãߵ԰ģ֧ż񡣵㵥ˣһȺŮ
ȥʱһطۣȫ㣬ûˣҪ԰ĸҲ֪һ£ˡ
˱ˣҰҲͦõġʱԵġ
ף̲ˡ
뽫̲ݸǣ˵˾ã뿪ˡʱ󼸸ŮٺЦһĺ˧ҮûƭˣԺԾȥƶ̲ˣ
룺ȡ
Լ
԰гǵҪһС̲꣬;бþ԰ĺӡȻһǹŨҵζӭЩü·ǰĹ԰ˣŸּһʶá
۽ǵȻƳһĺ
һ١
ӺΧʱֹͣ
ںӱߵϣҵ޵ϵʽ
ǰʱġ
룬ҡҡͷ飺ã԰˲ܷӡ
*


16 
ȷǱ˵ѾҵܷˣϢ𣿡
ӵС绰ʱǰĸصϸ飬ȻˮĸҴŲ˵ǾͿԼҡܲԵ޹ʧ٣Ҳҵõǵʬ壬Ͼˮĸ߱ʳ
ʱǱ˵ҵˡ
СʹͷģǱѾϵ԰ˣҲŹȥҪʲô˵ģ
һŴǰʱеȴδ
ˮĸڽѶʱһŵĵλڸˡûҿڣǿ϶Ҳܷޡ
ôھͱ׷ֲ֮ˣ
һģͨࡣ
ԽԽ֣ɵʳǱᵽ˭ҵôҵģ
С룺˵ᵽ룬ôҵĵûᡣ
룿
ôô죿
˰죬ͻȻ
ⲻǸЬսıҶ죬Сģ֪λӢ˳Ьս


СԱ԰ʱѾ뿪ˣΧ۷Ҳȫ˿һȺ԰Χڲܷ޶ߣ̽һ˵ĺ
ȵġ
Ⱥһ
ྯһ𵽵ֳƺܺҲ͵ҽԺ
ѯ˾䣬ֻС²ˣ˳㽫뷢ֲܷ˵ľ˵һ顣
ŵͷû˵ʲôС뿪ˡ
һߣӽ˳ſС¿Ƶػصƶ̲ꡣ̲ûʲôˣϰҲûԱȻҲȥһ˻˹ʱ˵ʲôǵ˲ܷ԰ֵԡ
ʾǰԳɾ˯涼ˣú˵
ΪǺ˵ƽǰһЩԡ
кü붼Ƕ˵
˵ǰˣͬͬİ汾ҲһҲһζ
ĵ㣬׼ʱ°࣬˵㷹ǰտ
û˷տĵˮĸտĿʱҲûˣտܵһĲ
˲һõģϾ󲿷ڷտе˶տʵߣͻȻ֪ԼڿǣľսأտֱǿлеĿ־塣
տӭ˼ԱԳǸʳƷȫġ
Ϊ׵ƷȥʱģԾɲЦЦЦдŵ㰲õģֻǷտеأƽסǴ˲̫õ飬ϣҲһǵտ͵ϡ
أ
ţҪôĻֻҪǼûʲô⣬ҲĻˣǻŵĹٷ˺ϵġ
һۣ̱ͬˡ
ƽ˶ʮտ꣬տɲɾﶼŲտȱء
żԱߵݣǸּ顣
һԱ弸ȥߵߡϴǳɫΧȹչȥѹЦЦ֪㣬ϴξһֻЬɵ˸ˣ˳Ьս񣬶԰ɣ
룺
ԱȻԱ
ļԶԶ˻ҪһûˮĸһĻֻ߶
Ա뵽ڴ˵Ĳܷ¼ҲЬս˽ƺ֪ϸڣЬս㲻ŨŨĺ棺˵ܷҵģܸôǵ𣿡
һ¡
ǰ˵Ŀʵ̫ˣܲ˵ԼǴˮڳ
ǸŪԱĽڣģҽȥ̲ʱ·԰ĺӱߣΪƿˤһӣЬСĵȥˡԿܼܲʱ򣬷ŶǶ
Ա꾪̾
԰֪ģƵ൱ǰйС׽ԲأһԵĴΪŶ¡׽ԲؽٴֻͨذʱиССĻһӣ˺ûܾ
Աˮĸ˲Ŷ£Ӧû˳ʩ˸۷۷ʱЧ˻ԭûˣǡֱЬˡ
Ь񣬹鴫
˵ĻʱƷҲѾƷ׼صרŵʵ⡣
ǵٶȺܿ죬ΪٱԶԶֹտ
ıտŻˣкܴһ˿ʼ⻳ǣԱ˵ĳЩǰʮģָ4.6ĵ̼ٱһ顣ȻⲨ˸е˼飬ϸҲȷʵ⡣
ˣûǶ֪ͨǵġ
λߡ
˼Աǣɵ̾һⶼʲô¶
嵹ǿÿ¡
˵ͷ۵ͷ˵ҲûʲôˣȥɡܷԼˣҪǶˮͷҵĲװ
ڹտļⱨڵڶͳˡ
ԸϽȥСܺС죬ϰﻹСͶСˣֻòûôղǼԱ绰ʱ򣬻ϸ˵ʲôطԿƵúͿġ
СܺСһƵҵõˡ
˿̵Ȼ̲꣬Ȼտġ
СܷȦƵԺ̵㿪
Ƶһ״ӵļԱȡ⣬ƵϷôֱ˼֣տ
ƵһӣԱ徵ͷͷûʲô⣬ʾտ岻ãҲҪʳŶ
[ллǿҵտPTSD]
[ȻǣҲ֪ǿ϶û⣬Ҳտ]
[ҲǣֻҪһտСƮƮվұ˵Ҫ]
[˭뵽ҰƱ߶߶տк彡ƨûУһɧҽ]
[ҲܣҪȥǴһ]
[@ģǸǿ˳ȥһƽƶ̲ĳλ˧ԱԴӼÿ춼̲裬Ҿҿܱ¹ˣޣ]
[˲Ű]
[˳ȥظרɥƷ˧ϰû⣬ԴȥǼڤңҵĽŶҿƣǵܣѾ达˺üˣ]
[xs㲻ӻ軹ӻء]
*


17 
ĵƵܿ챻ٷ˺ϴ΢ϣһõһ͵
ƽķտ¹ʱǲܱӵģǵƽ;ͨߣܷˮĸ˸Ѫͷ໰ظġ
˵ܷűȥҽԺ֮󲻾þˣ˵ȷ˹ڿһܷ޹أ֪飬ܷܵ˲СĴݴ
ʩ˵СֻܷҪһ۾Ӷһֻˮĸûɵ׷ܣ̶̼״̬䣬ɫѿҪǱ˾Ƶġ
֮¾ĶˣҽԺļ鱨ʾ彡ܿͳԺҿʼ֮ǰ;
ǧǰĸĺŹе֮ͬִ˾ĵǸѣ⿴ۣٿȻԲ۾
ѵǼտƵ󲿷˵עȻǵԱϡ
ϴ΢ƵԭȵƵҪʮʱ䣬һЩСˣƩԱΪһСײԴҲƩĵ˼Ա˵ЦĻ档
ǣ˵עǳͳһϡ
˵˵ĺ˧
㿪ʱһ۾ƳǳＸֵСĿ佱ûһظĲʺƨȷǿȷλѿ
ָ룬Ҳûкÿ̶ֳȡ
ˣʾǳġ
ϣɳϢʱԼԼưɫЩƮ첻ȴγһΧȦ֡˯֮еƺо۾
ҹҪ貵䣬ǹ¹⴩µƬƬսУں淺ԡţ޳ָһһƬ֡Ҷ졣
Ϊʲô
˵
֮Ҷ졣
ɻֵ˵İҶ֮ɫŨİһ֣࣬ˮ
ûǴĻλǾտͻʱԱ
ˮҲͦģǽڵԱƬϿġ
ԡ
Ьսھܷһ֮󣬸ˣ
һ顣
ͷɳϵЬЬǸϰǶģһϰ˵ʲôٱǮ׬Ǯˣ˾ͲˣҲ⡣
ջߣҶ켸˺ǱһİϡЩȽرһ㣬һƬɺܶɣҸ벻ʶġ뵽΢ۣ룬Ⱥ׵ġ
ֻǴɫ϶Ҷôࡣ
ͻе⣬ȴҲû⡣ӳ־ûҲ޷ݺλá
ܱҪϲܹǺ¡

ȥļƽӷ˰ž֮С
ŵĸ곤Ѿɵ곤ԭ곤ɳĺҲòˣ⿴ܵ곤Ƕѯɳֻϧź顣
ƶ̲տ𲽻ָæݡ
賿ؼԺƯƿAPPʹôӡ
һƯƿĺƮȥ֮ĵƿȫѻڷĺϡ
üһ򿪡
[۰]
[ôô࣬ҴҿҵеֲQAQ]
[æһ죬һˮûȵ̾]
[ҵȥһ˫ЬҵЬ˲ˡ]
[˸ұ˵ϹȽϱˣС˵Ϲ񫣬ϣҲ]
[콱ԼһըҪ۽ĩ˫ƴġ]

Ӻ󣬷˳ƯƿAPPشĳҵƽߵը꣬ϵһ÷ζ˫ƴעǵˮ
۽ĩʲôóԵġ
ĵ
*
ߵңտǰѾ˳ӡ
ǺȻзտǶʱӰӣΨһͬǣտ˷ġ
һߴȺо̵ݵӦϣڳʱĲֿµϵӣǵݸŶӵĿǣ󼱴ҴҵʰѾ뿪ӡ
ҹտӣЩȾͷǱɤţõ졣
Ա߾ʱҪæһյİӡ
Ȼ¶˵㣬æµ˵㣬ķΧǢֱһξһ׳
ȻصһڵϣڸոճտɢһءһЬϣϺ棬Ь˵۵ĺۼ
ƫͷȥӡ
ŵˣɤǸҲǿȥ׳Ǹ֮˿Ͷʮ£ݡ׳һֵӣ౾ͲƣȾͷ۾ͨӿȥ׺ݡ
Ȼ벻֪Ϊʲôȥף׵úҪӡ
λ׳Ҳǵ˵ԭ̬Ⱥܺããʡ
û˵꣬׳Ѿһνճȭͷݺϣĵһ򹤵ģػؾ߲ʮΣʲô͵Ǯ𣿣

ͷðһʺš
Ǿ׳Ⲩ뷨ڳˣ벻ɵ濴׳ࡣ۾δ˵ȴǱȵβ͵èһȻըëˡ
ϰ壡ϰأ
׳ɤôȺҲ˿̻ڿСܵ˵£ǰԱͿ˸ɼܵĻʱӿͷһ죬һţȺߵ׳ϡ
׳һϰ壿ԱܲеʲôС͵СĶй
ŵŨŨľζһ׳Ļһ¾Ͳµ׳ȶ˸¶Ͻʹ˸񣬶׳Цʵڲ˼ˣǼԱģĲ㲻ˣտ͵ǳԵģ㿴𣿡
׳һ˳ģ
زش׳һԵֵܱѹǴǰģΪúûϵˡ
ڨЦġ
׳УԶ㣬ߣһζҲӶˡ
СܺСվȺ⻰ⷭ˸ۡ
һζˡ
θϵζˬˬŵúܣ
ǻصظθҪԡ¶أ
⹷еԾû¶¶
ʵϲ֪ССô룬ĿⳡͻĿǷ׷üЩԸֻתͬ²䣬Щȥۣȴſڵ˲ҡҡͷ
ǲ֪֪
ƬĻ죬ǶˣԺûùӳԡ
˵һ㣬ܲ鷳Ͳ鷳
ƺͨĺƽֶκͽˣȻֱʮ֪֮Լˡ
ԭӦüæͿ벻֪ʲôʱٶȳ׳һԱߣݵӰվ׳ࡣʱ׳ںֵƱյͻȻһģͷ̧ͷһ˫۾
۾׳ǰһ룬һ׳µϵϡ
ž
׳һƨɵڵϡ
ͬʱȺµˣһѰס׳ĺһģ죡
*


18 
׳ͻأߵڵʱ͵ĸвá
Ȼ˺ܶƣȴŨƾѪҺȷ񾭱˷ܲ٣ͬʱŬѡ˲Ż뼸·ԼԣڶԷֱСȲʱӦô
Լģڰڵķۡ
ʶ㣬׳侲̲סȥ룬ȻúܳɫȴסȻ׳˾ӡ᲻ӣ
ִŶԷҪҲܳܡĽȻ˷ġ
տԱϹţȫǰ¶ôӣĸӸô¶
׳ʶֻȣİӦ弸䡣
ζû뵽һӺᷢ޴ת
ͷڵϷľ޴׳Դһ˲Ļ찴ŲӣԺܡȻ͵һͷȻһȣֽľ찴˵ϡ
༸Ѿɢȥ׷ˣĶһ̣Ųһ١
ץҪץ
˾Բܶ
ӿȥһ
ϵǣ׳Ʒˣ
ţһˡ
ͬʱˤڵصľӵޱһ໰˵ƤʱΣΪһֱֻһְˡ˵ȥֱԵıֽ
˶ˣ
һĿⶢѾȺǵȺ׳ָ΢΢һҪ۷ȻƺһһݣȻ׼סʱԷȴѾһ·˳ȥ
ȻؿɫľƿԽɽ˺׼ȷ׳ĺϡ
صһˡ
׳Ȼ£ȴֱֺܿǰ壬ޱŤӿ
׺ݵȥҪѶƿ׸ˡ
ȻδҵƿˣȻء
죺
㶻ͷ㶿վ󲻹ʮֵꡣע⵽Ժº͵ЦЦָָһֻֻظ߶Էұľ
죺
񲢲Ǳ⡣

ͻȻֵһĻտĿǶʧ룬ǶСվɢԵشмλ˾ˡ
ȻҲ֪⵽ô¡
׳˿̿ȥòҡ
׳ĺ׻ѪյµʱѹЩľƿ鲣ϣôȥûҲܲµ׳ıƱˡ
ɻڽ
շ롣븱Ҳʼ׳Ʒľ٣֣лʲô֣
˵ʱһѾ׳ᾯص˷븱ӵߣ˵˾䣺ȷʵзۣ˿
븱һͫһ
˵׳Ϯ·ʱʶ϶ûץˣȷ飬Ǿе⡣
븱Ӷᾯڰ֣ЦʣصģҪǻȥһˣ㿴𣿡
ԡͷ
տһ˵ע˾ģǰ븱ӿǵǰһЦõģղץе㰸ϣǼҵԱϳˣԴ˱绰ǾǴȥڹʲôģҪͽ콱ء
ôһȻһõģ鷳ˡ
븱Ӱڰ֣鷳鷳ǾͲˣǼԡ
壬һǰ֡
Ϣڣ븱һ߸뵹ˮһ˵ı棺ӵǼץסˣСˣ˰סʱû뵽Էϴŵϱͱһ
븱ӵɫ̱úѿô
͵һҽԺˡ
븱һȴеΡС֧ģһʮ࣬Ըçúܣ߻Ҫç븱˵СĸĸǼ죬ССѧʱˡ
ϾֳС͵֧ӵʱҲ⣬صǶӳ˵˺ܶ໰
븱Ҳֻ̫֪Ͼֳ˵СԸеĶΪĸ
üģѹȥҽ绰ûпա
õġ
ҽǵһҽԺҽʦ֧ӵֻ֪ͨҽţƣɹ൱ߣͬʱҲǷ븱ӵĺѡ
븱֪ҽͬࡣ
һ£ҽڣСҲصġ븱ҷģߵߣˮݸĺܸл㱨û֡
֮ǰ˼ֵʱɱ˴ϡ
ҽ롣
룿
Ȼ֣븱ӹǰ˵ɨ飬󣬻ؿЬӡ
Ŷ
ΪûдЬԲþƿ˵𣿡
븱ʱ򣬱úܡ
ȴЦһ
õģڿȷˡ
ЬսѾȥˣĵصڼֺ;֡
򴽣ʱֻΪֻЬӶѣĻоƿ
븱ϳŶһҶҶðһô֪з۵ģ
뵱Ȼǿġ
տػصشҲû׳ࡣɲ֮ԷķӦʵе֣ϸһԷʶԡ
۷ͣʱֳǼһĿڴ
ʱΪ˸ᣬÿ춼ῴָţῴ¼Ƭмռ󲿷֡
Ȼ޷ȷǶƷ˭ͨͨķЯصزڰһֻ˿
ôô֡
⻰ֱ˵
۾ʼ˵˵֮ǰȣСȥϲʱ˵ڵķۺѲŸ㵽ֵģϣǮ
븱ӵͷ
еõ˻ش𣬷븱ӼĺˣҲûж룬԰ͻؼңΰǺܴæһģʱǵϵ㣬㽱
˶٣ְֵҵҲ֪ģΣյġжҲû˵ץȻΣաһкǶᴦõģʱǻ˸㣬ȷİȫʲôҲʱǴ绰
ԭ뿪ھܾ븱ı飬ջǵ˵ͷ
صң뻻ϵ·ܿϢˡ
Ѿ賿ˣҪȥƶ̲ء
ش˸Ƿ۾
ָɳ϶ֻܿȻƯƿAPP
[򹤵ʱܾҪ͵ǮҺԼ黹˦ϡȻҾ͸˵绰Ȼҵ˼صĶƷƷһڣ֣Զ붾ƷҸ]
ƯƿӵֻС̺ӣ˯
ͷ뿪ⷿķ븱ӴҴææƿ칫Ҵţһ۾ͿޡСԼˮǰ齫
븱ӷ˸ۣ齫ӽ㱻һƷ
ͷһۣӳһһ򣺡ֻǲô˵ǱƷˣ
븱ӣ
֪֪
²ţ´ǧһƷĶ¼ӴԺһӣ
븱˸£ֹҲҰһƤأ˵ҲйŹ֣ȹ˭ȥ
˭ȥˮʣ㶼Ʒˣôץ
븱ӳһۡ
ڼ˺£ĵΪ˽롣
ˮžضһ򣬡Ьս񣿡
븱ӣǾƿս񡣡
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19 
ѡ븱ǰ鿴ޣԺ齫ȱһû˼ѡһ֡
ǰ·ϣǳԵҪ븱ӽƿսǶĹ£븱ƳһۣҲûоܾ
ֻۡľ̾
°˵ԽԽƿսĿˣϧϴûڣȥӲܷʱѾˡ˵úܺÿǲģ
ɲ븱ͷһô껹ûøÿˡؼСӵʰ˸оλúÿÿ࿴һ͸Ҫһ׵Ҫ
ֳ˳඼֪븱˵˭
Цͷ
Ƣǳġ
ӺܿһǰѺ׳ķ䡣

ڶ죬峿Ĺ⴩Ҷڵ棬ӡһƬƬӰŹǷϴã̵ػϸɾ·ɨϰѽӴɨһ飬һɨһ߿Ŀԡ
ĺɨ䡣
Ȼˣ϶ҲࡣȻʲÿ춼иٶˣȴɺ١̫ҪʲôС󴳽ͺˡ
ϴһ
Բװˡ
ţתеĴ׼ǰƶ̲衣
ŵʱ򣬿ڴֻ֣绰Ӻ۾ݵˡ
ʵֽһҪп
һ
ŶһҶ˵绰Լ¿п˺ŷ˶Է
ղŸ绰Ǿֵˣ˵Ϊܰѽ򵽿ȥʱ컹ר͵ϡ
ֻʱδյǮ˵Ϣƶ̲ȥ
ƶ̲˲࣬һԵϺ죬ûʱֻţҪסԼĶ䣬ԵɤԼŮεεĽǻ᲻ܿƵĶС
ĩҿĩŰࡣ̽ͷ˿룬ͬһֻƺڻظţ¹˽Ҳûϸֻ˴룬Сʣ룬ĩϢܲܺ㻻ࣿŮԼȥɽҺŮѵһʧˣ
޵ļӦ壬
һµĻ͸ոպá
գ۾ȫûץסص㣺
ޣ㲻㲻֪ʲôɣ
޹
޷
һһʱŷ֣뿴ŲŶʮ꣬ʵϼֱһ·ˣмĴޱ
򵥸һ˼ܿõĵͷͬ⡣һϲϽظŮѣ漴ֿˡôôա㡱һ̲衱֮
ĬĬŲŲƨɣԶһ㡣
һӺӵ绰ûվߵ̲⡣ιһ˵һ䡰áԷһŭʲôпûһǮʮ׻ˣ·ߵĹͷ֪ȥţͲ֪Ǯɾɣˣ˷ʱ䣡
ȰȰŭ֮ͨȻֹ
գգۣ
ôˣ̲ҪȥĹϲ·ʱԷüƺмִ㶵ģ̲סһ䡣
룬ʵʵ˵ղŽӵ˸绰ҡ
㣿
г𰡣
Ӧû𡣡شţֻˡ޻˻֣ʾϽȥͨ˵绰
δ绰Ǹˣ賿Űͻسⷿķ븱ӣ븱ӵﻹȾżƣΪɨǰĽһ顣
Ǳߵ̫ã̽˺ܶΣԷȻ޷ǵɻ󡪡
Ϊʲôһ㲻̫Ե
һϣʲôҲûҶеķǡڰ칫˵տ¶һ̧֣һ˷븱ӵСϣǲǻû佱ãڹ콱£Ҳһ۾ƿսĿ
븱ӣ
Ȼͬˡ
绰
÷븱ɫǣ˵ǰ콱ʱɻһ䣺ǲǰҵĿҪȥ𣿡
븱ӣ
ʮӺ
ɳļλ񾯣Լ븱ӡ˽ɳϵΧס
븱ޱ飺˽þֵ˵Ҫ㷢ȻҪп˺ţ㷢ȥˡ
񾯲䣺յһ˵п˺쳣㷢һӡ
°ͣͬʱӵλͬ־ĵڶ绰ȷпϽӣпȻ޷Ǯ
޷ˡ
񾯿еı棬ס鴤ǣпûһǮӵˡͬ־ĵ绰˸Ѫͷ
˳龭εصͷ
/븱//ޣ
ԳĬ˽ʮʱ䣬Ķһпԭĺô𣿡
룺
µҪ֪Լƭˣӿܾеˡ
֪ǰӦȿթƭļ¼Ƭ
ʧˡ
괹ɳڵģȥе븱̲סļŬһοѽʵҲܹģ˭֪ôɶ԰ɣң賿ȥʱһᵽҪ㷢ġҲ
ƳһĽëĽëֳܣƤһƬӰ
˶١
֪ĲͬѰĵףӦһֻո⡣Գԭ򣬶ܻ̫˽⣬ϵƭҲ֮飬Ͼûܹؽ
ۻڸпĺôĽԥͱ˶Էĺʷûϵģ㿴бŵģģģʮǰƭ˸ҵŵġ

û´עС
޿̵һקסԼ࣬ѹ㰲ο˾ӣ
ġ
ҲǸһתۼȥˡãҪʲôûУҪǮô죿û취Լı˳һνĹʦǮ
ǹƨʦһѡ
ϴü죬£סᣬӴ˳ҵҵĵĹһö
鵽˻ʱĹиԱ͵ص̨˺Ϥ˵¶Ժ󣬼ϵ˵̨
ʮһλнΪƭ˽Ŀ
ԽԽ
˸ۡ
ȴֻǰס֣˶Ҫӹȥ
һĵֲˡ
ӸƨĹȥ
Ȼ˵㣬İοеõģۿɼرáԺܾԼļ⡣
ûһֿܣΪɺϣƭҵ˾֪췢ʲôҵġ
񾯺ͷ븱Ӷһ¡
ô˵Ҳ
Ͼǰ˺˺£žƭӽҪǮƭɺϵеˡ
񾯺ͷ븱Ӷһۣ˵˾ȥǶӳúģŴˡ
ӺӰ»صϢſڣ룺ǵطթAPP
*


20 
ڷ븱ӵ˵ָ˷թAPPֱƼ˺ܶ෴թԼִᷢչ̵ļ¼Ƭ
뷨֪źֻԺ˵һлл
븱ӽ˽Ϊ˽ͻȻð뱻թƭ⣬˰Сʱû͵Ŀڴ
븱ӽҹõĽ뻳ԴȥнпҵãŸ֮ڸǮ
͵ƶ̲³֮ǰ븱ӻмֲĵ䣺ԺǮСΪϣȻΪûǮˣԺأ
룺
ҲԲһΪûǮ
뻹Ǻܸл븱ӵĺ⣬˻Ӧı൱ࡣ
߽ƶ̲裬޸ո̲裬æµز̨ʱͷһ룬ʵʲô¶ˣ
ʱ뱻ߵʱȥҴҵġ
Ҳе㵣ġ
ԼΪһҪЩҡҡͷֻ˵ϲտѻ˴ס˵ҪҰ佱
ŶŶԶԶԡ޵ͷǺ¶
ˡ

ʱݼ٣һ춼ûʲôֻֻڵթƭļ¼Ƭ
һ͵̱ƭƭжʱһ⡣
򣬰ڵԣһ٣ҪԲȲǮ׬ʮ׬֡
ĺöǮ
ԽһҲкôĻû˵
ӣ̾һ
¼Ƭ
ȥŮˣһʱյ޵Ϣ60Ϊʲô£Ͻ㿪ɲǼ޴ŨŨǻĶУ
ֱƭˣһһװ˵Ĵô˼װŮ̸Һÿడ룬ء
ˣڻڸƼõǿȻΪƭңǸһȻֵ򣬿ֻҪŮѣʲôҪءѹֻ˵Ҫɽ˵ʲôֻɽܼ֤Ҷĸ飡
ĳƨ
룺
ǿǿ龭
޵ǸŮʵǸԡ
Էƭ
뵽쿴һթƭ¼ƬͬĵģһʮѾϷװŮɧ˺ܿȷ¹ϵƽʱܶصҲϰˡֱҪ˲ʶⳡƭѾάֲȥˣǸϽ·
ʶԣ׷߰ʮǮ
˶٣޷ϢʣƭǮ
ǱǰСʱŻظģǵûУ֮ǰţҪ˻ˡ
״͵һǾС
ǮҪģƭԣƭǮеġ
ǡ̲Ҳûʲôˣ˼䣺Ҫ
ޣǼһ˵ɽиˣȥݰݣһŮѡ
룺
˵һСʱԺͿȦݣԵƬƬ˭ĵģ˵Ҳաֻҷ޵飬Դŵÿһλˡ
Ŀ࣬æøƵġ
һ̲Ǯ޲ö÷д棬ϿĶҲջ졣
ĵ㣬̲һλԱǰ࣬Ҵææ뿪ڸĿ͵һݰ׷һ¶ӣǰտ
еɡ
ǰտ·ֿɫĺ
Ȼδˣ룬ȻɥƷԱȥˡ
Ӱʧڵ·ľͷֱһսڵСųײӰʱϵмС߳ŤͷԼϴ˵ȴ΢΢üᶯ±Ǽ⡣
ǵߵĻһ£ʣզˣ
ŵϤζ
ֻͷԣȴһ䣺ը̰
ڵĿ˷Ʒֶ˶
÷ӷ۵˫ƴը⣬̣һʱûظġ
ǰÿͿʼ˼ǳʲô
׼ǮȢŵҲ಻סĲ棬˺öǮϡ
ԽԽᡣ
Ƴһؾ֪ʲôû
̵شֻϵƯƿAPP㿪ǸѾ㿪εƯƿ
[ը⣬̣ۣɡ]
ţϳۡ
õ롣

ִտʱں׵ܵ˵ȥһ֪һţԼҪȥɽݷΪϿܻҪסϣõܸܵ顣
ԷȻûоܾ
СܺСҲЩǰߺʣҪȥɽ𣿡
ɽλھƽʮһɽ
ûǴĻ޺ȥǶ
ͷҲû⣬ֻͷʼӡһ͸ɻͬʱֲЩпĵһ죬߶߶벻УأֱΪǵĶˡ
Ϊĳɫֱץˣտ˲١
ţϵЦԽԽ 룬ʾȵ˻źĿʱЦеʣСνҲʮ˰ɣûҶ뷨ʶСҲвСӣϲкŮ
Ĭ롣
Ȼʶ뷨ƽǼͷ̫̫һġ
ʱһûЪ˼
뻺գ۾ССԵע£޹ϲǮ
һûط˸ۣ㣡
룺ġ
䣬տ˾۾һתæվһߵʲôȥһŴ˳ȥ
ĳͲӰˡ
ֺЦ
ڵ˶ô£һ̸Ǯ۷Ź⣬̸Ҷ޲طܡ
ô󶯾Ǹɶأ
Ҳúܣߵſ۰Ͱ͵⿴ȥ·ϾХٶȺܿ죬ʲôҲ塣̵ܱĵҶ̽ͷΧ˶˾ʣʲô
ϧ֪
ֱһСʱյһԷ븱ӵϢ
븱ӣ룬ɳǱߵҸ㣬лѣѾƭץˣһץץʮ
븱ӣΪ˸л㣬˵һ졣
뷴ȷһ£˵ȷǷ븱ӡ
Ȼ˷븱Ӵ֧͸Ľ졣
ԣԸҪ
Ϊд
Ӣսʿ
Ьսʱģ
*


21 
һֱ磬ƽ򾯷Ĺٷ˺ŷһʮ֯թƭŵϢտԱԼƽʶϴҴҶľȥʲôġ
븱ϣеɳ
֮ǰڷ븱Ǳйһ֮ԵΪһ֣طŵУǳлΪṩ˼·һĸգʱߵýҪɷã㲻ɣ
ԼҲû˵Ļᡣ
ʵݽϵдʲô
񾯴ܿ뷨ʾһ򿪡৵һ£ɫĽȻ´䣬͸һԵĲУ
ʶƭ
Ϊǳ
ãûЬս
ĬĬһоĽ춼ӯ١
ʮƬĺã񾯴ЦǺǵļ򣬡ʵԭ˷븱ǵӦĽºţ̫ʡ
Ϻò׸ЦݺȻͣ룬ֲõԤУºţ
񾯴磺ǸЬսƿսʲôġ
룺
벻֪˵ĲЬսĸ֡
ССʱ󣬾ձļƽɳ˽ץȫԺ󣬿ʼԼвɷá
⣬һСʱǿݡ
جج뿪ɳ뿪ǰԺҪעթƭ
һ·صƶ̲裬һ
̲ʱûѾڵˡ˵޲СĴ޵Ҳ޸ԺѾЦźкˡ
룬Ҹ˵С
߹ȥ޽һ߸Ķ˳Ǹ
һУ޳°͵ģ򿪿Ҹս𣬸оȽʺ㡣
򿪸ȻһŻֽɰдšսĸֽ֡ûзֻм򵥵ĸ֣λܵȫܿóֻǡǮ
֮νĸƨûС
޻߶߶ˣ˵µĸġһȥµĴʦģԼˣˡ
˵лл޵󣬱㿪ʡ
ƲƲ죺ôܲŮİɡеľеģֵҲɣϷͦģΪ˱Ǹ˵һߣˡ
룺
ˣ˵쾯һթƭҵСѧͬѧ˵ŵͷֻղֻһ䣬Ҳ֪ǲͬͬա
һʵСѧͬѧʲô
ޣ־ѧ
ܺá
ǸûǮȻصشص绰һͨƭӡ
룬־ѧӦǵһѪͷˡ
ôɼΡ

ϵʱȥտ򹤡
տԱɺܶ࣬ҼϿͻҲ֪ĶõϢվտܱϸྣ˵ξƵĵթƭ󰸸ǼԱСҲеϵ
ͷſϵַȻ⻰и˵Ի󣺡
ϿͻһǱϰ˵ģǼԱṩϢ˵æ˵ŶԴСǼңΪ׵û
룬ȴһɵԺ飺ڵС
ϿͻһȽ㣬ǼǳСӣһľͷɶҲǡ
ĵó죬Ǳߵ뻹ȺУ˳ֽմȾĵַˡ
տĿ˲࣬Ҳ٣ÿ춼С
ֹԱϻٵĶմһ㣬ʵҲ¡
æһϣ賿ʱѾǼꤡʼȻؼҪҪΪ븱Ǳ߸Ľ֮õԺ뻹δżԼһҹӦҲ
뷨ûã˵Ҫ⽡
գֵۣؽǮҹĳ嶯һӣվıϡ
Ǳߵտ¯Ѿصˣߵһ߰æˮϷһ˶ʮĵ꣬Ĭ˿ɱȣҲܺġѾ๾ðݵˮһں˵ּѾͷӶˣ¸ʮ˺š
һƵøԱǷż١
ǰֲֵ֪ܼܲ¸£
СܺС⻰ɵöһۣѾ⽣ߵһԵСǰ¡Ȼ벢ûбֳ԰ּѾͷаȤСܺС컹Ǽ򵥵ظ뽲˽ּҵ¶
ʵûʲôӵġ
˵ǰֵŮҪˣΪ׵İȴ˲ûʱˡ
СܵУֵŮԳĸ׾ͲţǰֵֵذġԭΪò׵ȵ˴ѧͷأȴû뵽޳һӵĸȴ˲񻯣صѾҽβΣ֪ͨˡ
ͬǰ׼Ѳõһꡣ
ϣܲ뵽Ļ֮УѾ߾ܵؽǰ
һȥǺͰֵһȥģֵӿŴͰΪܰĵöˣΨڴĲΪǰʱ˵ݷܹãҽȥ
ҲܶѡСŵ
ű꣬Сʱ˼ƨɺͷһһŽ㡯ĽС
뿴޸ġս𡯸жѾ˽⣬˷ǳͬС˵
СȴҡҡͷҲһºѽ
С죺Ҳܿβɣô˶ȥҽԺˡиҲͦõģ˵ܶһʱ䡣
߶߶ƺĻʵ̫ˡת͹顣СܽĿϣشչȥθ磬֮ǰǸ˵ξթƭйأʲô
Сһ𣬲ֹͬһϵС죬һ˹
ϴһƿɷͷǼǵ֪һ㣬˵ǻаףʲôȴտڲԡ֪ԭúٹ룬Էûտϳ룬ȴϳˣ˱绰
أ
թƭʲô
һ˫˺۾֪ðڳʲôı
ĬãȥԼϵƭݣֻ򵥽տ˿ԽƭǮձʶԾʵַɱĹ¡
տп
Դ˲еľսȺƭҲ̫ˣǰſ㱨žôƭǮⲻǷʤ𣿡
һʹͷ
СҲŵͷҪǻҿ϶ϵˣ˭֪绰Ĳ澯찡ûǰź;ϵ
ͷĻȸˡ
ǰǰɣƭĲ⡣
ƭ̫սթˡ
Сôһ˵ͷںһ㣬ϻؼҴƯƿܰǰдƯƿȥ˳źƮƮ
˵Լ뵱ҹ˯൱ȣŵڶǸ
ڶİ죬ɾձڹںŵһƪڸȦתаޡҶ졢С졢СԼޡ
ƪµֽƭȡøߴǧ򣡾Эƻһشթƭ
ڵСΣ
ĵظһŽ΢ЦƬ
룺
ͻȻĽºΪʲôʷڽϡ
*


22 
ȦһģһĶ̬ʮӣȻŲ
룬ܲܶ÷ʱ䵹
źһ㣬Ҳǲԡ
Ͼĺܶ
˽һ磬ȥ¥һʮĺззϰⲻôֳϿֻżԱ³·˵䡣עʱβһֻٿǰ꣬ͻȻСΣ
ٸвβһ
δڣзϰѾһֻ߽ϣһ߾̾СɣҿƬʱ;е죬ʹһûⲻ㶼ߵǰҲʶⲻ
벻ƺҲûܣһͶġ
Ϊе
Ǻͨһÿ춼һ͡
ǮĲõʱῼٳһ١
ܸС
еÿзϰһȡôˣϰȻҲϳ
̲סʼڡ
ŵʱӦôñӻ߿֣ס
ΰ۽ɨֻҳϵС֣뵽ԼɵĴ˵Ѿƽ򣬵ȵöⶼˡ
зϰûĽë󾱸ĳ죬ļЦЦСô˼ءΪ˹װҸ㽲һҪллģṩ־ѧ֪ɣεթƭһƭӣǰ컹ҼҪҶӽܹأʱԳƹ߿˼ҹ˾Ѱ˼¾Ȼôõ¶ϽҶӴӦ
ϰ˵ţøпҶеһֱ˵ԼʲôԼԼβ־ѧĹ
ҪҲ뷨һαһߵﻹӵӰ
뵽ϰ忴ˣСΰֱǼҵĶ˰ɣٺз㣬㿴ҪĻǴȵģŶ컹Сء
붼׼ϰԺעƭӣȴû뵽ľȻôһл
̵գ۾кţȴܿش𣺡ûϵԼǮͺãҪһݼȵġ
㸶ǮأϽȥԡ
зʱϰ廹˳ֽ΢ŵĶάסˡ
̲ס۾ЦЦ˵һлл
ϰӻ֡
ϰ壬źз͸һƿˮصݣ¥ݵʱ˺üˡЩ˵Ŀⶼϣн͸¶żֺ棬ҲˢȦ¡
ò̫һ
ԭΪҿĿǵ٩ġ
Щӣصݺ½ֻ΢šһյ˺ܶ˵ϢоͰ޵ˡ
ޣղݣֵͰû뵽㾹ȻթƭĴ󹦳ô뵽ûǮпˣģȵȣô˵Ļ绰ǸƭӰɣ
󹦳㲻ϣھǰһ䣬ץթƭǶǾľġ

޳ָֻЩãգ۾
ʲôûǮпˣ棿
ͻȻðһССʺš
˺СĶԻθҵ㾹Ȼܰƭȫ޵רŴ绰㣬Ҳ̫ţ˰ɣ
ͷʺűˡ
ʮӺ¶Ľƪǰε´򿪣һĿʮеһ·ɨȥ
׫дµǾձϼˣһεթƭ¼д÷ǳǿ־ѧڵթƭˣݲȫͳթƭĽѾﵽǧ֮˵˵־ѧ˵У󽫻˴˴־ѧ¼ϡ
СΡ͡տꡯ⼸ؼʳʱӶǣˣʱҪˡ
Ȼϸϸ飬ȴԼĺе㲻̫һ
ƪ࣬ᵽ˱Ӧõӣȴûӵԭܵƭͬʱĳѧһſհпʵƺһᡪ޻С죬зϰ壬Ϊѿƭƭ˵ֶΣصһſհпȥˣˡ
룺
ıú֡
Ĭһӣ޳ָĻһ·ģߵ֡
濴ֺüأĵ
㡣
ߵһʾл
֪ˢ˺üСƵ඼̫ˣҲŶԶĵ
á
ꡣ

ȥտʱյ˸˵ͣһθе顣ƺΣæһȺʹ˸񣬺ЦǲˣСƤ
ԽһЦֿ˼룬ŤͷԼտ
һʱĽŲ˲١
ʮӺտӭ˼ˣй֮Եķأ˺˸棬أ˵㿾ŵŶӡʱǡɱĸס
ĸʱǸ⣺ʵǲ˼룬мҵø㣬ֻҸ־ѧġ
΢źžֻ룬ĸ統ʱ볤ãƢֺãŰֱСŶӣصظ˺ѡǰ־ѧҵʱõĽҲ࣬˵иѿĳ࣬칫˾
ܿףĸû룬ܿ콫΢˺Ƹ־ѧ
˭֪־ѧø⡣
ĸûʲôЦ˵ûϵ˳컹Ҫòֻ࣬ʣˡ
ĸһɫ˲䣺ҿҶϣ
봽ЦȥװĸĲڡ
˵ĶԻ벻ԶķضС
صֳ°ͣȺĿͶϡȻûȦ£ҲûСΡȻˮתµʱ򣬹СνЬս;ƿս
ִ˴ظпû뵽λô¼ء
˵ţŤͷϴǲҪл˼ң
ߴֻתƣ̧ͷʱһĪû¸лʲô
۾¶һζЦݣϴΪҲ֪ǰɥƷɫʱ㱻ƭ˰ǧ顣ǿǰǧ鰡ʱе󣡡
ֻ΢΢һһ˫ڵ۾
ػȻֳ֪ƺ仯ԹԵҼǵ㵱ʱҲǽӵһ绰ԷԳеԱ⵽п㿨ǮȡϽӴп⣬ȻİǧͲˣ԰ɣ

ʶԼƭ˵Ǹѿˣڵϡ
ɿֻžһ°ϣЦһ㿴ڵ𣿡
ػıһգŤͷȥʱʶ쬵ģ˺·һ硣ϸһϴûڣǱ鿴ȥҪƵġ
أ
ơ
һСϴ֪ĺʷ
ʶӣʲôϴֻ㣬թƭַһģһ˵ƭǸһƭͬһء㵱ʱҲڡл˰ȥѵˣ
ܵƭǰǰƭ˰ǧǮӵĵ㵹գȻ֪ǰɹôɵƵ飬Ϊ˼ꣿ
ǲǿˬܾˣƴظҰ
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23 
֮Ƶġ
ſõһֿŵǰ, ΢Ц˵һ䣺λá
ؼ״Ͻл˳㽫ϵĿǰһƣϴ󣬳Կ, ˵տĿ޵кó, ţ⴮˵ţⶼֳɱġ
Ƴһ, û˵
ȲʱѾ賿, ۾һת, ΧǰѲӰ֮ǰȾƻȭļҲ׷׳롣СѾڿҿҵؽӶøɾһԵСֿ⡣
գ۾, żæŵƿϵվǲ˼ǲǳԵ̫ˣ
˿ѾеĻ
غͷҲףƽ򲻴󣬼ǰҲһɥƷꡣǼɥƷϰǸʮͷӲϼ̳мҵܾⲻ档ͷǶʱ, ˻Ц˵Ժ˶ýæû뵽û֮, ƽͻȻһҵظרɥƷ꣬ϰ͵Աȥᡣ
ʼͦ, Ҫ, һͲƽԭס, ǲ˽˵ΪˡʼȥǼҵĶŮصϵĹ¡ǹƺҲ֪ƽ, Ҫر, û취, ɥµֻӲ
ǻз˴ʶԣɥµļǮŵú֤ܵͣǷǳס
˵Ҳͦɣºƽһ¶ĸסĸȥˣǲмЩҲֻһͱһֹաȻȻģĸ׵İ»̫Ǯҵ˵ظרɥƷꡣ
ʱƽһĿⶼŵظרɥƷأ뿴͵˿ס
ϰ˵迿ס
ȥȥĳֽǮõĶǵظרɥƷֽǮ
Ȼ˵㣬ʤںá
뵽̲סЦŶص⿪ģǿģƽʱҲ賿ص꣬Ƕλԣż
һߣС˵˵Ļ
θ磬˵ƽһϸµľֻǸظרɥƷϰˣ˧
Сִӳһ⻰˲ˣɲҸ㽲θ磬һȥɥƷЩϷҪĶǲǶ곤ĳϰǵɲһȥĶССӡ
СܿͷоͰҡҶԷϰֵҲûȤˣϾ춢θֳˣҶкѷɫϰ˧翴ˣϰøǱ۸ɡ
β˳顣
Сϣݹȥһɾˮѹúܵͣһ˵һ໣ϰҲǾõó֡˵ĳεϵ˵ӸյֽǮϰڣʵһöûС
һʼҲû£ϵһһڳƢԽԽ꣬˵ͷ찤ԴͣȴˮӲТŮҲʶԣϽָ˵ֽǮ
Сܾ֣¶֪յֽǮǷϰҵİɣ
ԡϰҵڤֵûôߣһ󣬵ԺϵҲûӺ˵ʱ򣬴Ҷ٩˵ظ۲ôߣʮúþˡ
°ú档
ûǴĻ˯ǰȥһ˵ظʱĵظͦҵģ۹׼Ͷ̥ˣҺؼһǧڵĳƱǮͶ̥ǮҪ¸ţ͵͵һӵļ䡣
֮ҵòС
û뵽ǧʱȥʮڵظôʱˡ
еľ̾
ĵÿģһߵķҲҪ뿪ˡǮʱ۽ǵɨտ߳վһԵ˵ʲô㰲վš
볤øߣʹܰǰ߱΢΢ʹԴĺڷ˳ţѻƵĽëһβ¹һĹ⻪
ͦÿ
ֹţ͵ʶֻһֱק·
˵߻£˳ֻϿֵˡصߣ۾һ򵥵Ķ˲֣¶һڨڨЦݣҶˣϴӸ˼һҸոտСĶԻˣϴǲǾĳӰƽһ˧ĵλˣ
һ˧ܵԣ˧Ǯ
ضһ룬СҲǲԡ
˶ʮӣջ˼ӺһϴһҪһ˵ظ˰
͵ػ֡
ҹ˾ƽ··͸΢׵Ĺ⣬޳Ӱúܳ뿪տᵽ˵ζתȦ淢һֻڴתĶ֪ͨ˹ǰƵؼߡ
÷û뵽ǣȻ롣
Сڴװϴˮԡ¶̵·ߡ
󣬼ͬӰӣš
غԼϢ˫ۿԵǽϣ¶˼ζ

ƽĻ֮һ
ҵտǸԱһѵ
Էö࣬嵱Ȼûоܾ
ⲻʹֵ׼ˡ
Ϊƽԭס񣬵Ȼ֪ǳڵƬôСطӵӡ˲֪úܣж¥ﻹкüӺС͵ϴиС͵۵͵ͷϣúõؽѵһԴ֮úһ硣
һۼѾսӣͳֻȺﺰһ
߽ʱǰĶ
ƽɫкüڡ
Ӱӵİǽصһ·ƽӰͶ䵽ǰ뿴˿ÿ·¶Ӱӣ·ڣһʮˡһֱƨһ˻
Ҳһʮˡ
ߴ⼸˵ϻл˽⡣
㲻úˣƽʱҲûٸɡ
갲վԭأſƯҲû¶ֺǵķӦԸ졣Ⱥ߳
ȥ˶߲һңվǰԵر𰫡ɵ룬˫һƽʱЩûȻôһ㶼ȣ壬ݵøֻƵģҲ򲻹ұֵܣҪֵǿĸͷ
˻һֵǶЦˡ
˵ǻͦ
Ƕ֪ǰ쾯ƵթƭԨԴ˵ƪµӰôƽ˶ˡƽ̫С˿˾ζ˴ڷԷܴӸصĻ⡣
ЦؿڣǰǰҪǿĸͷ˵һյľ컹ҵأͷʱĸƬ´μҾ͸
ôԼõģһۣǿе޷ǾֱסˣʱͳһͷƬƾǵҲ
һкżֵóֻ
ƺǱʶھ϶ǿͷ
ֻǿֿԼȻҲԼͦݵģԼݵøһΪʲô˼˵
̧֣޳ֱôȶǸǿ
ĻǱֵ൱ġ
ţͻȻһ˿Լǰվǰ巢һʹ뿴ȥֻԭЦ˿˫Сλãɫɷף˻˻˻ֱ
ۼע⵽Ľűһʯͷ
Ǹոӳġ
عͷһ۾ע⵽˶ǸӡĺڰЩ۵ĵƹ⣬ֻǿ޳Ӱӡ
΢΢۾ܿ첶׽˶˵Ϣ

Ǹء
۾ûᰵķϰ壬ǿˡ
屻⧲ʯͷһ£ֻҪˡҲ֪ΪʲôһССʯͷô֪϶ġ
Ȼ벻ӣҲ˷ʱˡ
һѻӿԼ̧֣ۣ̼䱻亹ʪü¶壬Цųֵǻ˻ָ֡Կлָλָһ̣һȺٿس˹ȥ
һ룬ӿڴͳԼĲַС
޳ָŷУɫĲڵƹ·һɫ
飡
кеһ˵ϡ
ƺͻȻײҵЩͷת򣬽µĲӼһɲֱǵվǰһ˫۾ɴ˶
ô˲ӵʱ䣬ѵ˵ϣЬϡ
ɫشӶԷ·ԼĽųȻЬŻ壬ǰߡ
ĿõһĻķܲӵصЦһ
ȥĳʵҲûʲôرġ
ھ쵽֮ǰת뿪ˣ뿪ǰصĶǲַҵϷħԣڷ˵ӡ
޳ָüġ
룬Ьսøĸˡ
Ǽһ÷еĶҲ

ǱյϢʱ嶼
Ժð뷨ǡȺѰˡ
ǰߺ޶˻Ǽֲиߡֻ뿴˷Դͨˣ׳˾뱨Ҳûô֮£ֻȥޡ޺ͷ븱˵˵Щ밲ȫľʱϢˡ
û뵽뿪ĵ죬߾ͳˣ
һȺżæŵظϵֳľսסʱȴȻסˡ
ʮȺڵϣмһһۿȥûһ۾ѵ״̬ǵǵòе˹룬˿һʯͷϣһѾ˵ĲַС
е㲻ġ
ַȥϴˮʱ͵ģҲͦõģԺȥ͵ԼķУʳƷڷҲԴżһӡ
Ȼ͵ƷĲô
õһ˵ʱûʲôرĸоȵڶͷķкеѾ͹ˡ
ʮķѾױΡ
̾һ

̧ۣ߹кᾯ٣һĲ죬¶ֲ˼Ǹ鷳ˡ
ᾯ֣ô鷳ءİǿ϶
˵ʱ򣬱ٴ˹ѹ磬˵ӶǵԳ־ѧĸĸ
־ѧ
ǲթƭ永Ա֮һ
ᾯüȴȥúһ󡣡
漴ת룬΢ЦʣȥɣϵҲ̫
û˵꣬оΧ߶۽ϡ
ᾯ٣˲̫ȫ
룺

˳͵ݣҲȺص˾֡
һ̤ţ˼ӿ첽˹ᾯʵôˣææģ
ü˵־ѧجΣһֱںййȻŵ۾鴤ˮֱˡ
ᾯ٣ˣ
˵ͷ԰ƽʱˣ顣ͷĹجζܱΣⲻЦ𣿶ˣ֮ǰС˵⼸콻ǵ־ѧĸ
ţҾ˵ѡȥץ־ѧʱ赱ʱҲڰ˼Ұ־ѧùѪͷ޲ûӡ
õ顣
˵Ӱţʧſڣһ޳ӰŹǷ˵شһ·
õֻƯƿAPP
һ֣ˣˬˡ
װƯƿһӣ¶
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24 
ǰ֪Ӱǧĳ, õò˼顣
ʵĲӻصظרɥƷ꣬ƿλڶ¥Ҵţ㴫ײ޳һת, Ϊ, ˿̻˼ʵľϣһ˫һ¥ſȥ
ֳô󶯾Ĳʲô, Ǳȥ˵ظء
˿̵洺磬ȥӦ˿ĺ, Ƥе㷺졣
һ߾ͿʼѰҷϴ˽, ȻˣԷҲһ˯ˡ
ϲϷ
ͨһҹ
Ȼ󲿷ʱٻʦϿѵڼ
һۿϵˣ۾ܵ¥, ڵɤﻹȾûɢļϴ󣬴ͻ
ţ
޾ǽȥʡл꣬˾ȻǸزСϵЦݶƲסˣһǸݳ޵ķزУϴǲҪһʴǮˣ
û˵Ȼʮ֮Ѿ˵ظ, ڴŴȴ޾ȼ˵Ĺ
ؿеķزнƽƽǰ, ǰˣǮԺ󲻹ʲôѡܡַǰ档
ԭʱΪʱ䱼۴Ĳ֢µ, ͵¾ƽ൱ƽٽǰ, صŮָλ, ɥųһҪոĶһҪõġ
ƽΪһͨҲǵһظ, һſſ˼俴Ʋ޶ĵط, Ҳп
λܿע⵽Զķ, һۺ̶ԾƽǻҪȥ˼䣬߽Ƕͷϴܰɡ
˵Ѿߵ˾ƽǰ޳ݿһ£˶͸һĵϢİĵشδƽѹȣŶԷָкƽĪַɵĸо
ҽз
ãǾƽ
·ѾλƽƽҲ˽ĶࡣӴ˷زһ׵ɽСӵ˼˶Ҫһ䡮ܡĳɹʿЩҲϸɸɾûʲô
ӡ㲻Ҹһǵظ
ƽظأͷ
ƽǰһֱ˵ʲôκţʮ˲˵ظŲŷ֪ʵĵȫͬҲ÷ǳ档
Ǵ˼ĻʱסأһסĶǰû¶ġ˵סأҲ֪ʲ̫ߣԾͶ̥ʱ仹ܳǰ˺ܶˡ
޳ָ·ߵĽһָЩݶǵظṩᣬѵġطխЧҲǺܺá
ƽһȴ򿪵ĴѰ˼һüʵֻסǵظûб֮𣿡
еġžƽһƬտ
Ϊزеľƽ˲רҵĿ⽫ɨһ飬λñȽƫƧʤļžƽϲֻﻹյģѾıҲסˡ
ƽԼƤҲа
ñԼɻ󣺡ðһ£ҵıãѾҪͶ̥˰ɣ
治ɫǲڣοҲǸġ
ƽɻ
չ
ƽ
ȵȣ˵ͻȻʶ˲ԾˣյĶˣôһ㶯ûУǰصһԼԵıֿĺȵȣôһûӰ
ⲻϳ
ǿ˾ƽɻ󣬷ֱԵģԴǧǰظʵָĸԺ󣬺֪ܶѾһˡ˸յǧڤûʲôã֪ܽظֽǮǱӶרҵģûյظ
ܵشԼ·ڴͳһƬҪԸס֮ģȥͷ˵ΣȥҵظרɥƷӣڤ֮ġģҵĶȻ˵㣬ʤʲôڵظܵľʲôķ񡣡
˶٣ʲôŶˣеظרˣҲۺģյ֮κⶼԱϹӿ֡
ƽһ𾪡


ݼ١
ԽԽȣѾĳڰ˳Ȼһֱ˵ԼǷӿҲǿţסҲ֪ƤԶѡûжٸ档
Ϊĺϻ﷽֮һʱƽľǳȻҲ֪ѾǮˡ
Ϊ˼һʶѣ㻹ص˰ⷿ
ʤҶ졣
ҶϼʡУǸ⣬⡣¥סĸˣ˶ⷿסġ˵һסĻߺ֮ģʵǶºͣ⡣
ֻǡ
Ǹڰ칫ҵ˯ϲ֣࣬¸һ¥ѡ
ͦҪġ
Щ²۵ĻҲܶ뽲ֻ˵˾䲻̫ϲĻȥԼ¥һһһķӣһߣҶһ߶룬鷳Ǽ㻹ǵòǱ߸˵ǵһ£Щ
ţŤͷ
ʵ첻ǵ¶ˣڿǸûıεķʱܻ㲻졣
Ҷ첻֪뷨ֻԼõϢһ飺ʱ˵Ǽ־ѧ𣿺ϸһŷûô򵥣־ѧ趼ʵˣ־ѧĵĶѾùˣֲ顣Ҹ㽲绰ץߵˣǱˡ
Ŷ
Ƕ
΢΢һû˵
ҶΪڵǣæ㲻ҪģǲŶȫȨһ㣡
ûϵҿԱԼġЦЦ漴ֵȻῴ÷ʱҲˣԷɣ
ϴǶըǮû
ҶҲûæ˵ͷ
ҶƼķͦõģµҲԳƲϾɣﶼɸɾԴ˺⣬ܿͺͷ΢ţȷ˷⡣
ҶԹ緹õ·ߣĳⷿûʲôֻм·һЩϴƷ֮ҲڴڴĶŵǸôŵλãɳϣ̹۾
ġ
ֻʾȥֻƯƿAppµ֪ͨ
µƯƿƯĺϡ
ȥһǸ۵[ү]IDͻأسǰ
ү˼ʮ׼һƤ
룺

죬ȥƶ̲·϶¥Ҷ졣
ط֣Ҷɫһһƣ
ʱҶǱ۾·ģۼ˶Ҫ·ˣϽһѡͻһµǰѻججҶˡ͵۾δȸоһʻ硣
ղݡ
ò㱻ײɰɡ
ҶŤͷһվԼߵ˾Ȼ룬һ㰡롣
ͷʵ𣿿Ӻ̫񡣡
һôʣҶһĸղǷģ̱ˣɲּӰ࣬ҿ˲Ż˯ġ
ִļ̾˵飬ԲׯǱ߷һʬ壬Ǳߵ˵Ǹ˺еҡ
룺ôң
Ҷѹӱʿˣҽ˵˵ࡣ
ЩҶû˵Ʃ羭оǼȷɱ˺Ĳ࣬ĳֶֻβ̵֡
Ϊǵĵ飬˺ʱĳ˿ʱ䲢Ǻϡ˼Ҳ˵˺֮ǰѾйһ˿ˡڴ֮˺ĶֱʿһΣһҲֱԭ
ڲŵĽӻ˺Ϸ˲
Զ϶׵ݡ
ҶǲҵĻ棬̲ס˶ڲ·ֱʱæûץֿ֣϶Ǹ׼֮ͽҲȷ᲻Сһ㣬Ͼտÿء
ҶĵȻóЦŵͷӦ£֪ˡ
˷ֱֱ֮ƶ̲衣
뵽磬ССʱ޲ŴҴҸϵִ̲ʱ۾滹˶۴۾ˮͷ³һǿѵغ˸к
Ŀϣûüۼƣʣȥˣ
̾һɱˣϴϷ䣬ϷֱּϷһʮ򰡣賿ҶûӮһѡ
˵¶޾Ҫ
µǣʱٻʦи氲ģһȰȰȵشûͣ޳ôûôˬĳ棬絽л
̫辪ˡ
ǺóϷ𣿡
Ǿ͸ˡްһƤ˿ȥˣϺϷϡǵõµʱӦңԺֻҪҺ϶Ϻš
˵ž;ڰ֣һԹ֡ı顣
һ죬Ϊȱ˯ߣһ춼Щججģ̲Ҳ᲻ʲô״Ҳû˵ʲô첻ĩ̲ĿҪٺܶ࣬һʵҲæù
ĵʮ֣̲Աࡣ
ôٵˣһ߻·һԱ
ԱҲЩ˼ӡ
ʵͳˣҺ̲֮ľ룬ʮӾͿԵˡԭ࣬û뵽ջʮӡ
ȷʵе˵ȥ
Ҳȷɡ
Աֻóŵǰ·˵˿С¿˺ӣת˸ȥֳˡ
˺ӣ
ĸԽ޵עȫ
Щȵʣأҵ𣿡
ԱҡҡͷˮôҲˣǰǸ˵С¿ˡƵġ
ֻҳԱһ㣬ʼһζʮӵƵ
УʮΧںӱߡƽ˺һ·ǰϵ·Ӿֻĳʱͻᾭ·ŵǶλһȥĹ۾㡣ûǴĻΧƵĵط۾㲢Զһ׵ľ룬Χ޽ѾѣһʪĺɫС¿һࡣ
Ⱥ֣ƷľԮԱ£񾭽
뿴棬ֱ˵ĺƺ˽
ƫͷȥֻһ˰ѩһȻ԰סע£˫ֲشԼֻͨһ΢ŵ绰
˽
ü̧ס֣˵ĳϣʵôˣ
º͵ɤһ̣ŵȫҲͻȻקס˾ݡ
סݵﻹδɢľ֣³ɼãǸһӵС¿Ҵӳվͻġ
*


25 
ܺܲԸ, ƺԽԽʵ֤˳˺ӵ޵³ɼá
˵³ɼõС¿һԵı־, õС¿ҲһϲϷ
̲һλԱƵȻ޷ȷϷĴ, ˢȦʱȴ˵Ķ̬﷭С¿ȫòǸϷݴЦš
Ŵ, ۿһƬֻС¿һֱŬ, ȻỹǰһµĻ, γһȦۼ
Ա죬뿪ڰοޣûô⡣ɺ϶ǰ, ϵˣЩοͳ˳
ĿͶ룬ⲻ֪ڰο˷Ҳô
գֻǼ򵥵ؽִ޵ıϣġ
һֱտʱⳡС¿˺ӵ֮ʡ
ǱѾͨȷ˶Է, ³ɼá
˵СӹҲͦ, СǸ¶ɣһͷˡ
Ӵоʱἰ³ɼ, ʶȥ˵Ǹʮµ, žƸߵѽ֪Ϣ, ҲǱߵ˵ġͷСʮʱˣһֱһ, û뵽ڡ
˵, Ǳû˵ô嵽ȥģ
⵹ǲ, ˵¼嵽ȥһ
˵Ÿ̾һǾصĻⲻ̫ʺϷڴ˿̣ܿ˵顣
ʱ䣬ƽǶڹע³ɼ׹ӵ¼
Ϊ³ɼΪ֮һȻճϰ࣬Ըо״̬ܲڵ̲ʱС⣬Ҫôţ̷ŶˣҪôǷСϡ
ûпŵʱʹڳϣżܸоͻȻ˵һ䣺ǰʱ򣬻˵̲ġ˵̲趼СǵİãһҲϲ
³ɼûͬˡ
ϧǣ˭ҲûȵⱭ̲衣
۵ŵʱǣԱԷñƭСĳ
Щ鲻ϸ룬ԽԽѹ
޺Ȼ̧۾ʵ룬ȥ𣿡
գ۾δܾ
ֻҹصҵʱխ̨ϣͷžǿգʶػܾúܾ֮ǰ
Ϊӵгõ
λһҲǻһȻȻؼ֤˺ܶоͰĸǡ
ɻʱƺû̫ѹ
֪µĹ켣
ʼʶġδ
ƫƫͷֻеƯƿAPPĺϿտҲԵֵġүҲӰӡ
еû˼
ת߽ҡ

ڶ޺̲Ա˻̲࣬ϰ֪֮ԱæҲæĩ˻˵һ䣺Ҳ̲ˣؼϢɡ
֪ϰĺ⣬ֻǿЦЦʾ֪ˡ
ŹƵǰ¡
µλúƫƧλڸɽ֮ϣΪʱ䲻㳤ҲûУɽȫȡ
ȻƽܱߣΪƽȴҲǵڶβһǱ³ɼúɽʱһһһ·Ϊ̫࣬ƿˮɽһ鲻Ǽ³ɼãҲ
һΣһ·ϣ޶ԵøĬ
յ̫СչƴشɢҶеķ϶ɽ·յù̡ûһʱ䣬ϵT㱻ˮʪˡ
ֻǼ򵥵ֱͷϵĺˮعͷԸ¶һǸı飺̫ˣֱ
Դһġ
޺¹ôʱ䣬ʲôޱ˽⡣
Ͼ¶־ԵºЦݣһĨ״ɢϢ޵ĳһ˾Υƽ֮С
ҶҲͦȤġ
һ·Ը·ʮ֮ǰִ¡ΪŵĩҲв߬͡еı˸кȥĵطһĴ䣬һ߹۲
µܴ󣬾еģʮСʮˣһЩ곤֮
ԾʱԵϢȴ˺ܶ˵
߿óɼ
ŮɣŮԵǮ
ϣĸ彡
һ·ţߵڵļķá߽һķãһŮ˸ӶϱܣλӺģǳİһݣָҾܱˡ
Ů˵ĶмΣ˰裬ⲻȥҽԺЧ
Ůûһۣ㶮ʲôݣ
Ӷϱӣ̲ס͵Цһ£عݡ
Ů˼״һ߲һתע⵽ɫˡʶ߶࿴ۣûе˺ЩʵСһӰЧܲǺܺŶ
룺
Ŷ⣬ڨڨЦһȥһá
εķ˲࣬ɮվһԸͽ
λǰƣλʩԸῴġ
Ŭ˺ܾãҲûԼԶļҵλӰ
ƫͷɮˣƯ۾͸¶˼ɻɮע⵽Ŀ⣬˫ֺƣ΢΢һЦһ˵ģʩݰ𣿡
һûʮѪ˨벻ġ
λСȻʲô
ֻҡҡͷתȥĵķá
ļöɮ˽⣬ǿܵûһϤġ
֮Ⱥɮں˵˵
ңȺɮ˵ϸо˿˿ƵĲϢ
ϲɫֱһɮЦеżɫĸߵǰʩҪ𣿡
⸣ĳ죬޵һ͸ġս𡯵ĸûǴĻǸ޻ʮǮġ
ʶһ㣬뵱һ֣Ҫ
ֲǴԹ֡
ǡ㲻ҪƭǮı飬ɮ˻ǲĵؼܣʩǵһ֪ܲĸģЩǽǵģӵģƵģԵ
룺
˳ĬʮӣԼĿӿڴͳ˸ɮһģһĸޱ㿴񱩸ģ𣿡
ɮˣ
ɮ˵¹Цݣ൱ȻؽЩɮһ˫ֺʮʩ֪⸣ҪЯʮʮŻЧνĳ顣ƶɮڴףʩԸãƶɮǡ
ǰȾߵģм׳׷

ڸɮ֮˳ڵ·ȦϰԼ·ˡ
ǡʱ޸ϢĶ
뿴˿Χı־Խ꺮÷ʢţ޵׹֦ͷ
˵ʵ벻̫⣬ڵɽͷȷʵЩߣɽŷ¶Ȳ͡¶ȴֻںŵĺ÷
Ƭޣ˵
Ҳûж˵ʲô
վλãĳ䴫ĵ̸
ǽҵ𣿡
ûء⸣ԽԽˡ
ҸոˣģһͳսǸҿҶûš˵̾һǸҰҹŵƷģдʮŻֽȥġ
룬ҲһŸңʦĸҶЯһˣôûЧǸĻŰЯʮžŰʮһſܼЧ
ôһ֣Ҹ˼˵ʮʮ죡
һǽڵĶԻڼǽѾһͷĺߡ
Ȼܲף԰ɣ
Ĭ֮䣬ͷĶԻѾʧŲҲ֮Զ롣ûʱ䣬ľűˡһСɳִŻ˵ɮ˫ֺʮش˳
СɳǸʮˣϴŰװǸ߰࣬СɳȴԵø𾴡СɳСʦˣСʦ͵ɣллǴʦ
Сɳ֣ʩˡ
װߣСɳŤͷվһ룬иɻĹʩǺǴʦһλСɮ
뻺Ư۾СɳϿƲסðڷ˵ϢܾĻʻغһ˶ԷĲ
˴֮ڣ֪÷С˼ڵԺӺܿҲ˸߲ˣлƹϹƵļϣһЩʢŵĻܣĻֻԺɢ
Сɳ߽ݵʱۼڵϷ˼ɫĳë
Сɳһ紦ͷһ䣺ʦĿ˵ˣ
ͷһѹֵĿ
˶Էѹ͵һ ôп˰ôˣˣҲ°İ
һ顣
һȵɤڴ˳ȻǿˣǱɡ
Сɳֽƿʾ߽ȥ
һݣװ˲ۿݿȥտҲֻһźͨľ崲СɳֿеĺǴʦź𽻻ڰݵϣܸ̬ͷٴ飬ȥе΢Цշ
ǴʦһֻĦŷ飬һֻֻľ㣬˵ڼž強ڡ
ʩôƺ
Ǵʦ۾Цʵ
Ŀ۷°ݳƷջء
Щʦ濴ȥƶʵ϶˹ŶƿͰƤ
һֻûĿɢζ
벻ɫΡ
ʩʲô鷳𣿻ʲôҪƶɮΪ󣿡
ʲô
ΪһÿԵñ˯㣬Ψһ׬Ǯеѡ
һ£ƻܻܶ꣬Ͱ㣬һǧнְ̲ǧнտ깤׬ǧ򡪡
ȵȣȻ׬ôࣿ
뻺ְס÷ǳ࣬ѹסЩ飬һҪ˵ȴͻȻ˼ٵһϤĵͳɤУǴʦ˼һ£ǶŰ´ޣЩҪѯһºǴʦ
ǼڵĻ˻ȥǴʦȻԲ۾ۿɼżԲĹͷҲ˲ðһ㱡亹ôµ強ڻһλڣֻͷĽ꣬εЦЦ˼ʩʱе飬ȸȥȴһ¡
ͷ
Ȼǰ׼̤強ʱ̧ͷ֮ȴѾŴ˹
˶ۣԵʮ⣺ô
˵ţĿܳЬ˵ĺǴʦһƣ뵽ʲôһʵҲҺǴʦɽ󣿡
Ϊһֻ亱ˮ룬δܿ͸룬ֱ벻ʲôͨˡ
ˮƽȴڡǴʦ߳ʱϳԷֻ衣
ֻ軹δ꣬ڲϢı²ô
ϵóǴʦ ϲ
˵ڴ֮ǰ֪Ǵģ
ĵ˼ķˣܿ˾ͱˣ¶һ޺º͵ЦݣѹģлᣬԹǴʦ
Ŷ޵ͷʲôλޣǸˮСӣ³ɼõѶ԰ɣ
²һ١
ЦЦҪǲĻҸطȵңҽߵٸϸ˵һ˵
ͷá
ŽŵСɳ־ȥ˸޼ŹϣͷѾͷ󺹵裬¶˸̲Цݣ겻û뵽㶼ɺǴʦׯ衣
ׯڨڨЦһһΪǴʦʱĵõģӽĵؽӭԼ強ڣΣҸ¸۷Ȼãڸǵ̸ˡ
Ȼ۷һ޾ͺܲؽ強ԭµ۷ˡ
Ǽ䣬強һаʩڵװȫ޵С
Ǽ˵ޣ˿Ҳе˼ԡ
強խռСʵϳľӾֻһŴľʮӵؿһÿľһֳʮ㣬ÿһ϶ŰĹŶִƷ
ϸǲˣݳƷƵ·ʤ
ްס΢΢üģ㡪
ׯ֣̾ǣƽʱܰɾģֻǽд֮ǰԴ·ѣ
ׯԼҲûʲô
ֻȻˣСʱܹĶ˶౧м⣬Լ۸ࡣ
Ҳǡӹ΢ݳһ
һ޵ﶼȾ˼ְԹΣ⼸ĺˣҷҾûиɻ£ЩҽͣҲŬǣ
üһô˼ģ
ׯһʱԣֻεЦ
Ϊһֻô˼ҵ⣿
޷ǾǱ˸׬Ǯѹ
Ȼһӡ
Է׬Ǯѹ
֮Ϊܸİõذãόǲࡣ
ֻҪǳͲǳ
͹۴ڵɴڡ
뵽ׯҲЩ˼ֻɥشԼͷ
ǹԴޣ޾ûۿֻƲۡ
Ĭ֮£ׯԵЩɥҲЩѹ
òװ·չزÿﲻ˭ҪغһǴʦڣһжҪ޵ĵݻ١
ׯһƨڴϣͷɥȴе㲻ģΣͲͨͨΪһֻ裬ϴë˲ǿУҸ˶𣿣ҪԼǮٽһã͹ô
ޣ˵Ǽôһʶʲô˭
ׯ裺ŶҸԼ֡
ޣ
޳Ĭ룺أ
ׯڨڨһЦҲңЩ﹩Ķҡ
ްס鶯üģޱ飺ҽ㣬һǰʮ˺죬û¼³ɼã
޽ֻݹȥ
*


26 
޺ׯ強̸ʱ, Ҳҵ
طҵ룬Ȼ⡣鿴ȥǰ˺ܻ˿ݵ, ѹʣôߵˣǺǴʦ強, ԤԼܽ
νԤԼǵǰʮºͺǴʦԼÿеʱ䣬úǴʦæ
˵һԼġ
ΪǴʦÿֻ, ԤԼķʽҲ򵥣Ҫ賿ɽ, ҹɫδȫɢ, ڰ쵽׹⻹δȫʱµĴš
ҲһĲҵ
߼۹ŶԤԼ
µ˵Ĳϣ㲻С
֮Թֻɽ
򵥽һԼ·ҵ, ұСɳΪ͵£ת˻⣬ޣ鴦ˣ
޵ͷ³ɼù˸λϣ±ӻһ㡣
˶٣˵¶˼ֱǸ, ͷ, ˵밡, ҪһɽˡҸոպĴʦĹ, ҽի, Ǹ³ɼû
ͷϵһ䣺סҪǮ𣿡
ޣǿ϶Ҫ, סһϵٿ, Ҳ˭סס, ûһ仰ҷֻԵˡǴʦ˵Ե˲Ÿʸ񡣰Ȼɽһעⰲȫ
һɵ򴽡
Ҳ͸¶Եĸӡ
ѾȲˣʹʦԼ׼ȥ³ɼھ͵ùȥ
һ䡮ɽ˵˶ҷϢҴææˡ
ԭŲ֪ô޽޵ԼµĿģû뵽ˡ
Ŀ޵뿪δġ
ȻµĺǺܲףȻµĺǴʦֻ裬ܸоЩ˺ʵû̫Ķ⡣
Χǽϣק÷ǳǳζļƫͷ⿴ֽۣ÷֦ɿ֦ڿлһۼ
Ⱥܾˣ
޵ͽŲ
תƫͷޣҡҡͷмǹ˵³ɼһ£û˷ʱ䡣ԼܲµõȻ³ɼõִ޵ĿðǾ֤³ɼ׹һԶûдҿô򵥣ⱳܡ
޺߱˵
֪㲻ͨˣЩҲ㡣֪ƽ˺סŻߣ֪Ǳ֮˵³ɼ׹Ƕʱûиоæġ
⼸ʵҲвС͵͵ȥ˺ӱϴӾµĲܾȵĶˡ
СϰԺ󻹻͵͵߸ĸ˵ɣɰģĸֻЦ
ѹû⡣
Ҿ˵̨Ǳߵ˺ӣûϢǷ˲
˵ʱ۾𽥷Ż³ɼ֪˻
ЩǸسҡҡͷ
ǰ޺³ɼʱϴʱĵص£ҾϵӦǱµմϵģŨ
ԣ³ɼĿԺܴ󣿡ʶʵ
룺ûȥʹûое𣿡
Ȼôһ仰ޱȫȷǷǳ˽⡣
Ҳû⣬ֻҡҡͷ

ûв׽Ϣ
ûоеǡ
ֻ֤³ɼòˡ
ڰ˵Էƺûôӡ
üģͷۡ
е㷳꣬ǸòҪٴޣûסĶһ䣺ô
ׯǸӵ۷Ȼûܸ룬ޱ¾ǵ³ɼ¼ġ
ܹܲʡ
֪۷ûãڸڷ͵
ҲûﲻԾôʣʵش𣺡õϢ˵³ɼ׹֮ǰ£Թͦɵģ³ɼׯ衭ŶǺǴʦû
ׯǼһ˵ɽԻȥˡ
ΪϲǼһ굱39100Ĵȯá
Ŷһ
˫֪鱨òˣûġ
ѯʲôʱɽ˵׼뿪ˣһ뿪
ɽٶȿø˻һ
ʵҪӵеĸ߿Ƽ̫࣬޶ֱӷȥˡ
Ϊ˱Լƣ͵˼ҡ
ʱ˵ϢĻġ
ͷӦ˵лл
ȴڶԷ򿪳׼뿪ʱ򣬺Ȼסޡ
˳ɻ¶ЩĲ˼ʵǴʦȥǼһʲô֪𣿺ͦġ
ޣ
Ĭ룬ŬһԼҰʡ
ϵЦʵ˺ࣺܶллˣ

ص֮󲻾þյ޵ϢϽһۣѸٴֻϵĵͼ˽ȥֻƽϣҲл
ȻûкǴʦ39100ôŻݣҲ59100Żȯá
滹ע˻͸Ŀһݷţ
ֱòٻˡ
ձĶӣ˵ֻɨϵĹС¿ˡ
꣬Ϊʱ仹磬Կ˻ࡣŷԱ˸ƫλãȿʱʶ±Ǽ⣬ᵽϤϢʱ۽ǵƳϤӰ

뷢ʱȻҲʶʲô̧
˶ۣ¶һº͵ЦݡЦʱü΢䣬ͳɫȥɱøСǷƢļһҲЦ
˱΢΢ȻûܳһЦݣôͷԼ⡣
֮ȻüΣϵҲ͵زˡ
뱳ŷϵͣŲ˵ʱͻȻ뵽Լλδı[ү]ƿѡûǴĻλ[ү]ͷƺͬһģλ[ү]ȷƢˡ
ϲˡ
Ͳᣬİܡ
ָŲ˵ϱΪƵ˫ţ⣬Ѱ˼ҪҪһʾлȵͷʱ򣬲ŷַѾˣϵֻת뿪ֻһ޳ıӰ
գգ۾ԭȵ뷨
ȵвƷʱѧźܶƬŵȦſʼʳ
ȵһٻŻ͵ı뿪صҴֻ׼һֵļ¼Ƭע⵽ȦĶ̬ü˵ˡ
㣺ҿԵҲ̫ˣӽֻкзܳԡ
Ҷ죺Ҳ԰һڼӰ࣬Ƶɱ˷
븱ӣĴָ
һһظ˵ۣһҶ졣
Ͻ죬ҶӰʱѾһˡ
ʵûҵ
ҶǸ˰СʱŻظģûءǹƺϤΣرܿ˼أץβͣˡ
˸С顣
Ҳûʡ

ڶ죬վǰ̲ꡣ
ѾҴææϵˣͷһ㱡ѾƷ룬һ߻·һ߶첻ɽˣ½ϰٵˣҸ㽲룬ٿ黨ֵλֻԤԼĺǴʦȻ¶ˣҽ˺һ𾭡ҽ͸о˶ǳɣʲôصһӴжˡ
⻰ƫͷޡ
ʵܺñϣ޻һģƤţʱûеõ㹻˯ߺϢĺȦأϵѪɫҲࡣɴʱ˿ָֻ̣ǰûûεӡ
²Ҫ͵͵ƽİԡ
α겻αƺҲкܴá
뿴ִӿڴͣͳ
ӡее㲻̫һȥҪµĺĸºܶ࣬˿ڸϹˡ͡ǡĸ֣ƮƮʱʶһ£ȷʵձġ
ɻĿͶޡ
سգգۣСǺǴʦ͸ҵģɲ֪Ǵʦĸ޼ۣһ򲻵ġ
㻨˶Ǯ
һôǮģ֮ǰǸ㽲ҿԵ˰ǺǴʦ͸ҵģ˵ҸԵҪǿ룬ҵͽˡ
Դ˲ʾ̫ࡣ
ȴʵǴʦһʼֻһҺƤָҪһ
޵Ҳû뵽Ǵʦô˵
ʵϰׯԸ͸ͶҪࡣû취޵صطԸģҲǺʶģׯ϶ܵˡ
ׯֻܺὫԼǡ⡯ĸȥ
ȥ䣬뿿һԵ̨ǰ޳ָŸ߸߾̲ԽϹһǳǳĹΡ½û˿ӡ
һŻɫķֽûаĺۼֻ򵥵дĸ֣
ȻָӷֽһĨָ»ֽѾӰֻʣһɫĳë
ûǴĻëںǴʦ強ǰëͬһӦϵë
ѹׯ²ۣ˵Ĳףһֻ裬ͺˡ
ԭΪΪׯ˹ͷԺһԭûëĹͺͺԴģ
뷢ŴнŲܿڰëϸ۷Ǹë˸ڡŽӿڴڣ̧򿿽̲ˣʮµŮԣǰһɫ̫ãֲĲ԰סλǻ
ߵ̨̲ǰλǰһסͬ飬Цеȣʲô
ŮЦһô˵ģ˰ңһ̲軹Ҫңδе̫˵ȥˡ
Ů˺̲ܿ裬º͵ĿгЦЦͬһԵĳϵȴ
ͬ§סŮˣڶԷϣЦû滹ǵҵĿζԻ㡣
ΪŮ̲סЦЦ
ƶ̲˿̵Ŀ˲࣬˵̲ܿˣԴпһ̲ݹȥ֮ǰһ䡰ںȻǴŮ˶һۣõλ˲԰׵ɫЦЦߺȰɣɫ̫ˣЪһߡ
Ҳûܾ
Ů̲ڵĳһߺ̲һ죬һ̨档
ĿżǸŮϡ
ԭ򡪡
о˲ϵĵ
֮£ƺһ۷
봹ȴڲ˶Իʱٿգ۾
棬Ҹ˵Ļʵһֱ̫ɳȻˡҲ°ɣʮ꣬㻹дõ㲻ججȥ㶮ҵ˼㿴ɫʲôˣǰлһ
Բսе̲衣
߰·ݵ̲öȵġ
Ů˰봹ͷ·ݵĺ硣Ĭ˰Σų˳ʵҲûôר飬֪ɳȥǮʱûʲôоˡô죬ҲˡȥٸҸλȻǰ
ô˵ͬ鵹һ
ΪĴѧѼӹۼ֤ɳθġΪҪȰϺܾãŻ֣û뵽ԼѾ뿪ˣֱٺòˡ
¶ɵЦݣЦеаҸһȥǸ°ɣ֮ǰ˵ˣ¿ˡ
գգۣҺɳȥĲ£¸һСҲסһõɮʱҺɳȥǱӣЧرãϧҵʱ˳ӵˡ
˵飬ҲЩĬܿ˿ѹ㱻׿ˣºɽϣܽģȥӣȥ¡
ѽ
˵ʮӵĻһ̲Ҳȫǡ
ŶӴӹص̲ʱѾ뿪ˡע⵽ϣһ䣺ղп˰
һһʵº滹и𣿡
ţ
գգۣ͸¶˼ã
״Ҳû˵ʲôֻտɻʱ顣ʱԳƽͨһּ֪Ѿͷǰȥµʱĺء
˵ȣ˶ˣ⼸ڱСӰƿȥǸּѾͷ˵ʱҲڡ
ӵһ١
*


27 
һ֮ǰһͨ塣
źδԼǰ¡
ȻùһֱµĵõɮΪ, ԸĿԳŵѽһ졣ΪװΨһŮŻǾȥһԱġ
Ϊɽµͣλ԰źδȥġ
ƽ8·޷ֱ, ת, 8·ת2·ʱ򣬰źͷǰλһ, ȥҲͶʮģŶ, ¶İ, Ǹ಻ˡ
˺ͬУɽ·˰źͷһѡ
ʱڰ칫ҹˣʶô۵˫ȴ, ȵͷۻһŲȿյһ̻˰æһ¡
Ȼž֪˵֡³ɼá
³ɼ˵Լүүġ
³ɼõүүʮǰȥˣǰʱ¸үү˸λүүļգпվ͹ݡ
˫໥˽һ£Ի˵
һ·, ³ɼúͰ˲ŷֿ
Ϊʱ䲻, ϡϡģżŽλ
Ǵʦ, Դ, µɮֻЦŵʦɽԵˡ
ͷû¡
ûдټһκǴʦ
ԴʦɽԵ強ڵȴԵ, ޹ء
Ϲ㣬ȥ˹Եλķ, źͷʱ䲻ŸϽɽ, ʡõʱ˻ڰɽȻƽһֱи˵, ˵ڵɽӵģôɽҪǴʦû¡
ɲһһ
źͷ¶˾ģ׼뿪ʱֿ³ɼá˿̵³ɼ˫ֿűһغǰɮ˵źδһۣǰߵ³ɼԲ֪λɮڽһɽ
ɮ˺Ц˫ֺʮ԰źͷҲǳʩƶɮȻʩǰʩ룬ҷҲ
˶һۣ׷Цźɮ˰˵ٻᡣ
ɽ˺üСʱٵɽָҪء
ȫ

ҹ䡣
߰˵һܴ꣬ɽŵˮ⣬ȥġ
еشɽ֮С
տǰţʮûʲôˣ⼸۵ùǺôؼ˯ڻסĵطûССһ·һĵ·ڹһ£ӰԼʧٳʱѾվǰµɽ·ϡ
Сʱ֮ǰŴ˸绰֪˵顣
źͷԼ³ɼ뿪֮ǰ³ɼö˶Լİָĸڣ㼱ҴҲŲǰ˷áǰðһص
ԣ˫ʵͬһʱɽġ
˵źͷҲȷ³ɼõûʮӺɽ
ɺϵǣŴ绰ἰºɽʱע⵽˵ϡƫͷȥעǵ˺Ȼǽ̲йһ֮Ե档
͹۸ողŴϻӾͶúܡ˵һտ꣬ζ
Ҳû뵽տ껹ˡ
ĹЦеظ˸к죺㰡˧磬æ̲򹤣տˡ
СҲش̽ԴЦеθģ
Ĵָţ
˫˵˵ЦЦտ൱áҲŴտõ̺һڣЦӯӯʣ˵£
£
ۣºɽǸǽȥأɽ·ˣҲûʲôͣġ
ȻʶģвµǰµԵɣû˵ֻҵߣЦеڵһЩʱŽվһ
޳ݵ忿СϣĴָʳָĦţſȻ봹֮У͸żֱɫͫлӡһĨŨ
̲ʱϵûôŨġ
ڣȥһ˻Ժ󣬲ֹ棬ĹۣմȾŨ
е⡣
Ĳ²⣬һ·ƹ£ֱֱͨµɽ·˵µɽ·ĺߣɽ·̵ʯש鲻ҹһͻȻٵı꣬ɽּ両һ㵭ķϢˮζ
¹վɽϣ̧ǰȥλþͻ²Զͨ˵Ľų߸ʮӹҲˡ
벻ɫؼӿ˽Ųµʱ̧ȥԼϢЬӲɽ·ϻᷢʪմȴֺܺõزڿУȡ
ȻµĲ΢΢һ٣ŤͷһԵ֡
ɽϵͱ֮ϣһۿȥ߸ߵ͵ţΣաɽƾɵդΧ˰ȫشդ߽֮СһŲȥȥɫЬӵЬҶʯ֮в˲䡣
롪
ԺЬӿ϶ɫġ
ɫЬĺ࣬˻̫ϴÿϴøɸɾɹȴǷֱ˵㡣
˼ſ֮ǰЬѾʯҶµĶ˳
Ĺͷ
ӻ޵Ĺͷ
붢ǹͷۣת뿪֣ɽ·ߡ
ܽǹ˼ģµĽɫҹһһײȻԸоԴķƺŻٶȣ̧ȥ·һͣγһӽΧһƬضס
ûи֪˵ƿ´ţһŲ˽ȥ
վſڵλóȥ
ǰһпƷǳ
Źȥķã˿̷ôŽգмĳϰһӲҵķͷ̳ΧǼͨĻ̳ڶûеƣ԰׵¹ƿ˲ڵ棬ޱš
붨վһӣ޳ָһ㣬Ǽ䣬ռǱ˺ϴ
м̳λÿʼ仯
ƽıǸõ㣬۵ҶѻɵСɽһİ׹ǣ̳ɢζҰƤëǣµʪģȴǽĴ굼£ͷдŵζȻܵȴɴڡ
ǰķҲֻǸõéݡ
éĴ©磬ҶϻڵĺۼյĶһɶζӿżֱŻ
˵ֻŵĻô¾졣
ȫ޷ȡ
߽éݣûеƣһĨ¹Ƭխأ漴һ۱ע⵽Ű²һ·ϡ
ںɫģ滹һƷƵı־
ͻȻǰ̲ĳϷ³ɼõȦ
³ɼôϷ˵żῪֱ˴ԼϹһЩƽٰ̨ı
һȦɸɾˣΨһɼƬǵƽٰ̨ʤʱĵա
ʱ³ɼ·Ǻںɫģ½ϱ־ۡ
³ɼõ·
е
ͳֻ·Ƭޡ
賿㣬칫æֻ𶯣ǿֹȥһȻĪƬ޸ûӦһԻϱע֣Ҳ֪ôģƺ̼仺˲١
ָֻУ޵忿ŹƬ㻹û˯˵ģиĵ³ɼôɽıӰ
޴ᣬָ³ɼõıӰգҪͣȴȻ˶١
ȵȡ
³ɼ·ɫôе죿
޻ָֻۣȻս
ԥظ뷢ϢĶ
ֻϢʱ΢΢һ
о˾޴ΧĿоⱻѹ͵ĴϢԼͻȻĿӡ
һָͣذŪֻվéݵȴû˿Ҫ˼
޷ģ˫ɺﻺŨص
޴ӰϢһ䣬״ӷ˵ģһĹͷˡ˲ɫֽ̧ǲŵһ˿ѪɾϢظ۷ߵ
̬޳ݵƺֺرʣرŶڵķվţĺڷķ΢΢¶ƯĲ˲ŽµĲӣ𽥿롣
Խǿǹɹ˵ϢŨء
ԬԹܶ˻ϲһҧȥѪըѵĽϯǻĸоҲϲЩࡣɺ֣ζȴԶԶǰվŵꡣ
ζһܺá
Ԭĵţʼ֫롣
иصϰߣϲʳҰ޵⣬ȴġֻ࣬ɽܳһ¡
Ӻɫָ̽۳צֺǰһֺ󣬻ƺɫӲƤڷָסָ׶˼ļ򣬷·űĲϾǶƤѪʱԬȻº͵
˼Եһ£źŲ̫ãҵĶλûȥ
벻̫ø˿̵ľλã΢ŵλùӦúʺϣ˲̫ǣź̫ߵλ޷ʾ
Ԭɵʱ뿴ŵͼϳֵС㣬ؽֻתͷԬȥˣڣһģ
ԬȻ̧ͷ۷۾ʱͻȻϵëͻȻը
ƣ²
*


28 
ԬǵһĲóζͿ˸еޱȸԾʳ, ҲǵһֹԷ۾ͻٴеĵˡ
˫ڵ·һƬԨԬܿƵ׹䣬żļɫı˿ڡ
дǸԬ, ʱ˿ΨһҪľǸϽܡ
ȴճ˵һ, ˵תˣһԵüѡ
Ԭ㤺µĿ, ǲӰ۷Ĩȥ
Ԭءر¶ǰ
ʵۿԬһкܶӭжˡ
ԬǸ, ˵һ, װ˺СǰԬʵһֻƵ񣬹Ƶ˺еģͷ, ϵɷ֮˵ɮڵ÷ǳá
ɿɮ½մȾѪ
λõɮӦǸոսʳ
ͷĿֱӶԷûƵͷܿ亹ëֻº͵ʵ͵ĺ𣿡
³ɼҲǽزϵҲ
ǲ۷װ³ɼõģԼһƿ׹ӵĲҰ
𣿡
Ԭֲ֪λشĿԽļ, ˵ڰϡδɾĲϡתת, Ԭ̶̼ʱҵ·
Լ顣
¶ֺõЦݣ˵ʲôأ³ɼ˭Ҳʶȥ, ֻ׬ǮѡҲ֪ڵ־ҵж, ҾǡҶ׬Ǯֶβ̫䡣
һֻ, һطԲɱ˵ģ
ͷ, ϾЦƺº˵㣺𣿿ΪʲôɮϻûѪ
ԬԺо, ȴӲֻ͵͵ȥ˶ѡ, ֲĺУҲġŵĻڿȥ￴ҳĺöͷͨС
ԬŬԼֵúһ㡢޹һ㡣
ʵϣǰΣеͬʱ൱ԵС
ֻ˿̵̫ܲ࣬Σʱ̲ͻȻڻµǸΣյ򲻹
Ԭɫ
Żش⣬Ѿһξ롣
۽ǵƳԼ붴ڽʣ֮ңԬϽס𽥼࣬¹ֺĵЦݣڣȴ̧Ǹ޳ʳָ
Ҳ˵˵ֻҪʵشҵ⣬Ȼһġƽɱ³ɼ𣿡
΢΢˸ȻĻߣ̼Ԭľ롣
ָڰд˸ָԭֻ¹éͻȻ˻⣬һһ˲ȼȵϢ罦ӳԬߵ¶Ķͷðˮ
ŻԽԽԬ˹ؿڣĻش𣿡
Ԭ
ԬĬؿֻԼϵ֡
˵вôֻ֣ԵϢĴ
Ǵ
˫ƯָǽڷȴԵÿÿǶȶľĵ̡ʵϵԼļϣһĪѹָ⴫˲͹ᴩ塣
ȴشʱԬϵĹͷ顢Ѫ˺
顪
ͷ˵Ȼڵϡ
һֻûйͷĳӣſſĺ֧
Ļҳ⣬ž졣
ԬãĴ޲

ʮӺ
һµسֻµĴǰͬеĻн
Ϊˮ룬εȴ칫ҵΣε¹Ϊְ칫ҵ鳤ֻ˿̵ı黹żɻ
ǻӰʱ޿һϢҴææҪû򱨸ͻԭһ·¸ϡһ±Ƶظһ߿׷һ߶ÿƵطɽûмأȻĵҪǮˡ
֪ǲж
ǣȷҪҵ־̧ǰĻ¡
ʵϴ˿̵ĻѾܳΪˣƳ˹Ƶ۷Ժ󣬻»ָ˹ƵѨģ
ǹȳζѪζ˳ŷ紵ʱϰԼĻˡ
ܺãһؾд⡣
ǡ˭ޱŵģ
ʱûܵõ𣬽˹̧˽ȥ
ȫ̶ԵúܳĬŴڣܿ㿴ǸŰ׹ǵĿҶѡŨҲֻǺηʥǿ
뷨Уڵõ³ɼһµ֮ӦøϽϵǣһһ˴ֵĳѨ
Ͳһ˻ľ
һֻûдĵױĳ޿ǰĻͻȻš
˾ȵĵȻ⡣
ǻϱľϵһֻͺë
졣
һԵĽһͺëһקק·淢ʣΪһֻ˼ˮ룬һʶɣԣɶ
ĵ֣ŤͷΪһֻһϼʮѵʶⶫ
һ޹һ۹ߣôʶֳ
ſſڵϡǹϵëĹƵ񣺡
˵ˣԼվӶһϵó
Ƶݵؽл
ˣľϷٶһҪɿˡ
ϧֳһֻˮ룬һֻ͹Ƶ񳶲ϰѪԵϵ˭ҲԬİ
ڻѱϣµ˸ľͷ˴ļȣΪȣޣͺëļȿźͨȲ̫һ⽡׳һʮȣ

˫۶ֻĻ졣
ղ뷢һſƬȥܿõĻظ
[ûɣƿһ»]
[ӦҲûʵͦǿ׳ġ]
޻شû죬ûʲô
룺Ƶ񣬹³ɼõȫˣһ顣
ĬĬ˱۾ס˸ӵɫ
ǰһֱȻ͸ԸºͣǳദڣֻŶƵֱϺݺݴ˼ơ
һʱԼ飬ްֻڴԽ̧̧°ͣϣۻȥˡ

ҹ̽£˹Ƶȫëع
صңһ˯˵ڶϰ˵㡣
ǰƶ̲·ϣӵ޵ĵ绰
޺ͲԱǵͷʾ⣬ܿճķΧվ·£ָ̾ȼš˵ĳָⵯ˵̻ң³ɼǼŪˣ˾ԬԵġ
ԬĽ۲ºܾˡѧֶҲŪһ£ֻ²ͬǣȫ۷ģһжٵġ
ԬҲׯд˾һ
ǼٵģҲûʲôµ͵Ȼ֮٣Ԭޱʧ
ԬһӡٰɺУڲסԼϢȥ͡
֪ĵ̣Ҳ֪Լ׺ϣһжСģͨµļУЩлͣɽһҲ飬ʩȤȥ
꣬ǿְ취һ͡
ˣ֪ƽǳ𣿼ŵ곤ײǸͻȻʵ
һ
ޣǼŵ곤ҲԬ֮һɳǰɣɳ˵ǶĲɣǮƣԬӴıؾ֮·϶һֻֽЩֽ϶ʩ۷ɳΪԼƽ׼ʮֽ𡣡
Դ֮ԻµλʦŲɣӦԬҪ󣬽ߺܶ˸Ԭ
Ԭɳǰ㡪ҪͣҪǮ
͵ࡣ
ޣ㻹˵ɳʬ챨ʾһţԬԵġ˵Ӧøл㣬ΪԬһҲǽ˺ƶǵ֡
ǶʱɳײֽܵĿ˺ܶ࣬µļ͡ԬѾ͵͵ԵǵһʱҲҶ࣬˾ûˡҪֻɽ
ʵ֤൱
һ˺˺һסŶ£Ԭɮ۱ΪԬǸɽԵĺУȴȫû뵽еƤһֻʳ˵
һ٣ԬԵ࣬鼫á
Ϊ˷ֹ˺ʬ屻˷֣صؽ˺ɽ֮Уʩ۷
Ԭ˺ʧٲ˵Ĺעɲ֪ô£۷ʧЧ˺ʬңԶɽﱻ˶Сϡ
ԴĿ֮һ·ĺúĺ¡
³ɼأû³ɼãһ¡
³ɼõʵҲӣ³ɼŷһصҵĸ뿪ʱע⵽µɽ·ȥĺСԬ
³ɼϳо֮ǰԼѯǷҪȥµĺС
֪ǳʲôԭ³ɼøȥȻԬˡ
޽еӽͰԬ˵ʱӦ͵͵Է⡣
ڻﲶԶҰ⡣
һͨôԶõڳ⣿
˵޶˶٣˼֣ˣԬ˵ʱʿ³ɼõĶӳԵ࣬װһ֤ǵصȴ֣³ɼõʬ岻ˡ
ˣ
ԣԬǱɽҰ޻͵ˣǽ·ϵĲϹƾǻµġ
ֻǲ²ѡ
³ɼõԭȻѾɹ³ɼƺ˺ܶܡ
һ顣Ҷϵ绰֮ǰͻȻʲôϽллǱš
ʶ˻𿾹ƵҲѵʱ뷨ҪжĺΣգһô졯룬ֻԵܶʡһ˭ţ˵ׯ衣
ڻδµһۼ֪뵱ͨˡ
ûнʵ߹
߾ׯ跢һֽ𣬵ʱҸ͹ɡ
һ
ּ˲۾
ʣԸ𣿡
ޣõõġ
˵𽱽ͻȻץйͣ븱ǵλ뽱
ޣ
ôͻȻǹһеòء
ӣɣ㻹ҪϰǰɣҲ㽲ˣ͹
á
ֻڴཱུæֻڴһش˸Ƿ¥ߡ߽칫ҵǰһ룬ڰ칫ҹճһ޳Ӱ忿ڽյĴϣʱüë졣
޿ĴΣģ
ӺٴλصǸ·֮£ֻһ߻һ
ִ̺һ̵ݸޣʣι㱨ŵׯ裿
Ƥô
ЦһǾúЦԼ⻰ׯǼһùƵ񣬻ܰѹƵëȫ˵
޳˳мŪˣׯֻǵıţڰ˹Ƶһëˣ ҲңȻһ͸òˡ
Ȼһŵģȷʵʶܶˡ
˲ǰ˵֮⡣
ϵЦԵøζ˵㣬̣ЦЦ㲻˵ʵ
ޣˡ
ü
Ժкܿͱĳһ޳ӰͶԷƯò񻰵ŶһأԵͷտս񡣡
ޣ
*
ڵɽ֮С
ƺߵúܿ죬һգ۵ʱ˺ҹŨصҹɫ٣ľĻֻżҰ޵
ͻȻһӰ̵شðľ˳
̧Դ˿ͷʵ¹ܺãϧľʵ̫ߣֳøïʢͷһԲڵʵʵ¹ⶼĵûзΡ
ˣ
·ĺҪ
οѾεһˣ
֪˶ãһϸ΢ĶЩǲԶľ֮⡣۾䣬Ŭѭλöȥ
ʮӺһſïʢĴ֣˽߳𡢻δϨĻ⡣
ƷȺֵؽʲôȴ¹һ̣¶һ
³ɼá
*


29 
ǿһܵƽٴ˲
뿿̨̲ǰ, ˺£˶һȡֻΪ̫ˣ̲ǰĿ½, ȴ˲, ȥĳЩϵĶвٿͨС΢µ, Ҫͻš
ϧЩҪһرܾˡ
ûʲôɣֻΪ̫, ȥ̲, һæ
ѵеϢʱ䣬̨ߵ˳¡ֻ޴Ծʱ, ۽ǵⲻɨĳҳ棬𾪵ſ죺ղݣ㾹ȻƯƿ
ôˣ
ûʲôҲƲƲ죬Ҿ񾭲̫ˣϴյһƯƿ˵Թ, ϸһǳ, ǲ֪ҹǿǸ־͸ҿû⡣
˵ƣһ϶ûҲƯƿAPP, иҳƺΪСA, һʱܳƯƿ, յһƿӣԷ˵ԼǸ, , ˽ϵʽ, СAȥ֮ʧˡ
¶ı飺СAߵ˶ϵ˵ǱԵˡ
գ۾𣿡
ް֣˭֪أǱҲû˵Գǹ񾭲ǧ
ĸ벻ЩЦ
޻÷˼һ£ƯƿǹؼؼǺİ˳ȥޱˣǡ÷
뵽Ѿʬʧٵ³ɼã򱡴
ƫͷ˿ЦⰻȻޣֻ
񾭲ûϸ絹һ
[ү]ƯƿƯĺϣƯƿдţôɵȱӵĹɵȱ̸һ΢Ц
룺
ү費Զڱ·ϡ
ûʲôȤѯʲô飬[ү]ǳ˽⣬Ҳܲµõ[ү]˿һϴʱ̣һɹйĶ
ŲȥͲ
ֻҪ˵ȴԷһβŨŨĺ𾪡ٵؽɨһ飬Ѹٽ﷢͵΢˺ϣ쿴ţ
ܿ쿴ӵĴ⣺𾪣˷Լһ֪٣
ǿ⣬β㲻س鶯һ¡
ȥ
ҹ磺ֵǣҸһرֵ顣ȽҸ磬ʮ꣬ҵǰ˵岻Ҵ󲮾ʹȥҽԺ죬ǲôţ챨˵һ֪˭ӡ
еֹиֵģƽʱҸϵͦһѣҲĪı˸ӡ
˵֮ͬڣ֪ɶʱ򱻸µ
ѾǰһӿˣżסԼСƣڲͻᱻ
룺
ýֺͷ붼֪ǹƵɵġ
򴽣ԷԼȫëľϵĵǾˡ
˯̫ãǵ㱡˯ˡ
ǰսֵܽݵһһſƺɱרͱӡ
Ķ̷Ʋ´תޡ
޽æ˺ü죬ץƵԺǰ칫ҵԱƩҶ춼ŻؼϢˣΨΪˮ뻹ڰ칫ǰ߻ϵһЩ¼üİ¹ػ
ٴʱ뷢Ѿǰ
֪ˣŴͨѶ¼ҵµ΢˺ţַͣˡ
µһ֮޵֯ûнıƣȴҲǿǹĺڲţרȥ˵Ľһˮĸ˵ŷտ߽ܺҽԺʵ϶ǹ´˼塣
һҲһ

ڶյһ ӹʱе֡
Ҷ죬ȻȻᵽµĺǴʦṩ׽÷˵Ϣǲž轱ĵ⽱ջҪʱҶȴֵǲ֪ΪһĽ쵼ըë
ϸ˵ĺÿܷԱĹѾԴϲˡ
֪һԲǸСĿ
λսʱѵһ˿֮ģǲѵĻٵȵȣҲǺż
һ㶣뵽϶ҶǲȱǮˡ
Ƥ֣ţ̫ѹѾǮˣǰǴԼղضıԱʵġ
绹е飬û˵仰ߡ
ȥļ죬һߵÿǻڼҡƶ̲Լտ֮䡣
⼸ڣо޵״̬ѾָǰǰáëȷʵãǳÿƤЦ̲Ŀ˶Ц˵ÿ̲迴ԱЦݣҵҲˡ
տȴһõϢŵĸװջΪ񻯣ûܵȵŮĻ
Ϣʱ˻տĵӣŤͷȥСܺСĬѿɫͷƺҲһ̾˳֪ʱദʱˣССӰ죬оȻҲһǳǳź
°֮ǰҵ뼸ˣǱҪǶùȥ⼸ͲˣúϢ졣
廹ġ
ʼӦƸԲ˿࣬ڿֱ̫ܳԿˡ
ŵ׼ʱȥ̲ϰ࣬һһ죬ĵ°һ͵տææ賿һ㣬СӾȻûһۡ
ļת˵ꡣ
뿪տ̵֮ߣ賿ƽֻҹKTVŵơ
ڶ̲ϰʱӵĵ绰˵Ǿտʱ仹һơŵĸװϼʡͰĸ˾ӣĸ׵ɥʡģǰԸ֮һϣԼԶһ
֮Ҳǣɥ½֮ǻȥһʡ׵Ĺǻ͹ȥãĶʡңһȥûӡ
Ϊڲصظ֪һ
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һƬϵóǱʧٵ³ɼá
ɫָ˵ɾ̨棬ɲǼ۷֮Ǹһ͸ȵĲȴҲϹº͵Цݣָϸ΢³ɼõע⣬³ɼƳĿУЦʵãʲô
³ɼԼԼоΧƺڣƶ̲㻹һûκα仯
ûָо£ֱżɤ
ʶվվԼĹ˿óһλãȻȵŤͷʱžȷԼտҲãһ˲ǶȻ뵽ʲôٿȻ̧
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۾ƺҲûˡ֪֣³ɼö԰ɣ̲𣿡
Լִбĳһ̣³ɼñ֪ԷʶԼġֳ忴˿ˮޣЩ˼ЦЦ޸˵𣿡
ţ뿿һ࣬Աܸõӽǿޣȥҹ㣬ûҵ
°³ɼͷҵʱǸڳ⣬е֣Ըȥ
ǺаץˣǲżƤӣ¶ΪƵĿƸԵࡣ
һ³ɼޱȺԼΪʲôҪȥҲޱźԺٴϷ֣ȥ̲ˡ
ΪǷһʽĵǸ
淢е׽͸Ϊ³ɼ÷Լ۾ٴʱʬſſڵϣС˵е״̬һԡȫ״ε³ɼԼʬ͵͵뿪˻¡
Ȼ󣬾޵ε·˻ǰ
Ҳû߳ȥŵʬֿΪ·³ɼѡ͵ʬ壬ɸԼһ׵Ĺ
ｲԼϷ飬΢죬һ·߹͵͵˹ҲûǮòײ
˾׵8·Ϊĵ轵ü˿ͶΪ˾յ¶ȵ̫ˣ˫㳳ۼԣ³ɼֱӴӴ˳ȥȻżܰڻһһߵƶ̲ꡣ
һ̣ν
һ޾ˣ̲һλԱȴϲ޵Ŀ˵֣ʱ޸Ϸʱᵽһ̲꣬˶˲٣Ϊرܸɣ̲ĹǿȶԣǾûоٻʦϿȳ۳ҼСʱġ
³ɼóЦЦʵԸһ𣿲ҺûǮ
뿴۾ºͣ˵Ҫһ̲裬ҪӺܶǡߣ
³ɼһ㶣

ʮӺ޴оѡ
͵̧Դһ˫۾̨ǰȥƶ̲ĵű͸ס޲ĵشӳվ˫ֳ죬յģֻȵĿתż·ҲΪȶӿ첽
û³ɼá
Ŵµڳϣ뿴Ŀ⣬ӺףڨڨЦЦҸոպ˸˯˸Ρ
ʲôΣʵ
޴ԴСε³ɼˣո̲̲衣
˵⻰ʱϴŵ꣬ͻȻʶԼѾܾû³ɼˡ
ڿ³ɼó̲Цеظ˵Ҫһ򵥵̲ʱһִĵӳϲá
ǵǽ˺ܶ໰³ɼôǲǵֵˣûߴɡޱһ߸Թһ̲衣˵̫ǵ³ɼõǱ̲˶ٵǡ
˻һֹҲĸ˴뱭ǰɣ
벻ɫüڳϵˣ³ɼȻ޵죬˿һ̲裬ҷģⱲӺȹһ̲裬˷壬еJ
ܵݸһҲΨһһ̲裬ôúꡣ
³ɼñ۾ĵԼԼرúرúȣɺȶ˻̲ס͵͵ȥˮ
ջĿ⣬ѹס˴ǹĻȡο޵ҲûϵⱭ÷̲裬ſԼһˡ
޵ͷ˵е
һֽŵ̨ϵ踣ݸոڵϼ񵽵ģӦĵ˰ɡ
ס
ĴԼĿڴȷʵԼĸԺ̴нӹڴ֮󲻾ãĵЩΪξ³ɼö΢ȻʧӰ١
Ӻ³ɼý·ϲɣǱ̲衣
̲ѾȥСʱ
ʼ³ɼûڴڵغȣȵúܿ죬ɵһ̲豭ӷҺֻʣС뱭ʱ룬ȻŻٶȡ󣬵ȿٵʱվ޵Ϸ
һ߿һϴѽܲаôˣôֻԱղݴԱհ
ƣԼĸʺһȻ˼㣡˸ƨȥ
֪ҾͰҵӼ͸ˡ
GGⶼˣӮһѲҪɣ
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߶߶źɸ֣ȴֻܴĶСҲû÷գż߷ŹȥǳǳЦЦ
³ɼÿе޺Ȼֻ¶ֱۣŤͷʵ룬ûоÿյе䰡
һ䣬뿪ڣ³ɼñһ²˳ȥ
ֱۣҵĴ
ܰķΧУСʱҲֻһζ̲ǽϵĹĵ㣬°ʱ䣬³ɼõǱ˺ܶǵ̲Ҳںһڣʹ£ͷյֻʣ¿ʹԴ̲豭ӶͰٴλص̨ǰȻ¶Ц
лл롣³ɼЦеʱûôõء
һҪ𣿡
ҰͻؼҾߡ
޴Ӹҳʱƺ˵̽ͷһȴտҲЩɣ°ʱѵһ뵽ܻؼҴϷˣ˲̫࣬Ͻ˵ټ
°ʱ·ϣ޽ڶУƵߡ
̵ͬ³ɼá
һ·ƽ·͵СıӰʧ¥ʧҰ³ɼû̧Դ˸¥ĳ
˵סʮ¥ʱ˵ȥ͵ġ
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³ɼգգ۾ѿйڡżֵɻã
ָ̧Լıӣ޹ʣڽ𣿡
ԡͷ
ϴˣҲżҽ³ɼá
Ӧһ㣬Ҫһһۺ
صţƤ±ϣķһҳסҲסɬѶ֣
޸ɽۣż
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30 
Ϊտһֱ, ̲°ԺҲûʲôеʱ̫࣬ѪԼ³
Ҫһͣʵһͨ顣վúǰ, һ, н˹ǣڵڵȻըʱ, Ѹֽ̧һŹֳǷҪ̧, ԽǶʳĽз
εĳ, Ѿˡ
ǽĵˡ
ǵģյĲѾ˵ˡ
Щѹؽ¸ϣصúתߵСɳϿʼ
һۺܸߵ, һݼźͿ
΢ȺĵĽ棬СȺθô
Сʱǰ֪׼Լղ˵ССƼʮ³APPа[ֳ][ǲ][ҳ]ȵȣС׵пγԼ˵ϧ, Ҳûܳɹһ۵Ĳ
ڿСϢ, ѵøе˼оƤе̡
͡εġ
Ĭ˺ܾ, ˵һ䣺˵XXҵۺܺó, 
˻һ, СܺС˲䶼ˡЦӸ³APPɸƽóԵ, һ, Ժ϶õõ
ۺͼûȶ, ˶ӣ뿿ɳϿ¼Ƭ
˯ʱ̣ƯƿAPP֪ͨ
[װϺ~ܺ[ү]µƯƿŶǵüʱ^^]
뾪һ˲Ϣ˴ֺܿ췴Ӧ
ʱƯƿAPP˽⣬[ү]Ưƿ͵ĺϣҪԼȥֵġ֪ͨλεرˡүIDǶԷӳȥƯƿȻ˻ظ
֪Ϊʲôлӿһֲ̫õԤС
Ưƿ˰죬һ򿪡
ʮޱؽֽƯƿ

ظרɥƷڣǰŵĹ޾ȼڳſڣһ̽ͷųڵˡ
ֻż򵥵ĺɫT˫ˮͷ³ϴŽʳģ˵ÿһԵúܵĪԸС
޾ջԴ§סصļΪп̾һһǾϴ̫ˣֻ·ƽǣĲصǳԷ
лذҲͷϴղˣⲻɷ𣿡
޾ȣϴĲظӦûʲôٰɣѽֺ¶ֵǣҲ̫ˡ
 
Ŷߵ߶߶̲סųڶ࿴һۡ
ýϴе֪֡Ǽϴղ˵ģ˼䣬ֻܷĸGΪʧܣûǮȥԵġȻˣǱǹҲҪѭһ͡
Ƕʱϴϲˡ
˵˷йԼĲˬ
ʱһһţǵظרɥƷ̵죬ϴҲڲٳѧ˵Դ֮ṳ̂
ôԴҩһ
ѵҪ뷶޾ǳԷڰɣ¸Ӳˣ
ڼλּĵȴ£ڶһǴŹǺͿּӳ˳ɲǼϼ˫۾ʱ룬Ϊɵʵôظûˣ
޾ȣ
ʲô׼Է𣿡
޾ȣ
ջʵǿȥקżĹˡٴλصȴǷỤֻ̄ѰҾѽǶա
ʺš
ϴ󵽵ڸʲô
Ѫˣѵ뷢Ȧ
ȻȵͶˣˢ˼ʮȦҲûˢֻ̬¶𾪺ãɫһѣͻȻֵֹؿʼ¼Ī³Īգһ֪Ƭ˷Ķʲô
ʮӺ˻ظŶ϶̸ˣƬ͵͵ˡ
ડ
صֻ˵ϡ
ϴ̸
Ըϴֻǵаˣ˭ôϴа䣿
ԣЩ飬񼴱㲻ԸţҲ޷
ⲻ֪СʱǰԼõƬùһԶƯƿΪظ[]ݡ
һСʱǰƯϵƯƿ[]λƿѵ²ۺǼʧܵƬ
Ƿ·ӣһʲôźͨ˵
ȵԳԼյÿּǴŹʱɵĵ׸п
ĲˣֹɫȫζҲõÿǼƵĴ
ǲ֪[]θ롣
ԹɳϣӻŰ׹⣬ĻϲŵȴʲôӾգһƬĻûһɫ֮˵ƣ۵ĹһյƣĿã̾Ĺꡣ
עȻڵӻϣԹŹصֱûʲô̫Ȥ
룺
ûаƯƿ͵[]УȻԷôڻûظ
ȵùżġ
ȵ˽ҹֻҳƯƿAPP֪ͨҲ˳
[װүϺãܺ[]µƯƿŶǵüʱ~]
򿪡
ֻһ򵥵ʡԺš

Ⱑ
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ѯʹСܺС죬ʲôʱǸвԸÿڼʲô¶Ҳʵġ
ѯŮʱСͻȻƻҪþãСʱСˤһӣڻҽԺءҵСҲͦصģһؼëڶʱǻزˡ
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ȫû뵽
ȵ˵ڶ죬뾪ȵ鷢ˡ
Ը˸绰
ͨ绰ԺظоԷƣԹԵСΰ˵ǸտҲȥˡ˵飬ҵӣȥĹɣڻûнĹʣҵʱСְת㡣ʵڲ˼СΡ
ûϵ
û˹飬Ȼ塣
ȻݷǸӣ˵ʱδκ⡣
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ţʳܲ𣿡
һ룬ҡͷãڻҽԺţġ
ӦһҲû˵
ڶȥ̲ϰʱ·С Сרŵƶ̲ġ彫Ĺתָ֣Ͻȥȡֽ͹ԺСҲû뿪ǵһ̲裬ڳϸ졣
Ҳ̫˽⣬Ұ˵ĶӶϱϰ࣬ȥھӼҺȲ裬ʹССʩǱ档Ͳ֪ô£ˤһӣСҲӻˤ
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СԱ̾һİ˶ȥҽԺˣӦòҪҪǰɣСȥʱµģӶϱúܣͷ˻˵ҪǶûˣҲˡ
Ȼ֪˵ʲôá
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ӰȻûơȴ˲١
Ժ޳żҵķߣΧתת˼һ죬Ȼտ㿪ˣôҲӦһģʺϰĹ
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ղųԿʱʹ޹ڡҹɫĸϢΪһֻ̲򹤺ϷլУҹǾлģû˿˽⡣
ֻҹɫĴſڡ
ܻδ˽ҹɫҲܲµҹɫƽӦϷǳһҵˣռǳҹƽĵƹҫۣҲŵġҹɫĴǰˣȥʮ£һ˻һī
ߵǰվȻĿī뵲ŵǽϣЦЦ˼һ뿴Ƹ档
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оһֻ־ܰ
˵⻰ƫͷۣ׶ԷҲ֮УϾīеԭֻϰٽĴè
īмûΪԼ˵˼ݴӣϽ͵ݵͦÿģʲô׼ӦƸʲô𿴷Աʸߣ۵ġ
˵ǡþͿ˷Աλ
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Ϊһ䣺ߵķԱһжٹ 
īаһϸ룬ȷıһָ
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Ȼһ
Ҫ֪ĽҲֻһ
ݺݵĶˣͨƸϵĵ绰롣

ڶ̲°࣬ԹƵػεҹɫīн컹īīǺˣ벻ɵö࿴ۡ
īмװûĿ⣬һ§ļЦеǽϰ˰ӦƸɹˣɶôƺ
Σ롣
ŶŶŶҽ۴
۴
һ롣
ƽߵĴգŵ˸࣬Ҳֵö˼ǡ۴֡룬ܶԱ˵ָֻţǵͷʾԼ֪ˡƫ۴ﱾЦеһ䣺㿴һƬиܴģģҾúʺҡ
룺
뽫һ䡮㲻è𡯸˻ȥ
ʱ仹磬ҹɫľԼ۹£ңͬûʲôµ۴ˡ۴ȻֻèĪϲҲ죬һʱرࡣ
һҹɫ
˵ƽҹɫʵǸֵ꣬ϰ峣ھģĳŵүȻˣƽҹɫϰûôţƣϰǾλıܣ˵ھʲôˣŵġ
ϰҲǵ̶̼֮ʱͿһҹɫ
ϰƽʱôһ㶼Ծڵꡣ۴˵Ծʱƺкܶ໰˵סˡ
ȵԾ۴ﵱʱĳɡ
Ծˣ۴һֻ۴ԾϵҪŨغܶ࣬һɾܾˡ
ȻѾڵ绰ĹˣԾէһ뻹ǾЩĪֿ̫඼㹻ǵˣôܵҹɫﵱԱüЦʣȷһ飬ӦƸԱǸֻ֮İɣӣҾ÷Աеûˡ
գ۾úÿܵԱ𣿡
ԾǵҲǡ
ŶһϽԼҺܳԿģҪʵڵҸɻУü죬Ҳġ
ԾҹɫҲûôԱġǿҺǱһġ
ƺΪ֤ҹɫԲԱԾصزһ䡪õһҲʵġ
Ȼⲻ
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زԷԼĲϲ
Ͼǰûһƺ
ҹɫڲܴ溭KTVɵȵȣ˽һȦ·ĳһ㷿ʱָָ̧VIPңЦ֣ʲôVIP֪𣿾ǲǵˣû¶ҪʱǵVIPˣԾҲȲ㡣
ȻûиʱѧϰӢģ򵥵VIPֻġ
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ͷ
˿ɫƽصͷӦ£˫Ư۾ɸɾ·زסκۻ࣬ѵÿǡ
ΪһǵVIP˶˭ʲôء
ѵֻװƽ
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ͬʱԾİ칫ڡ
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Ҳûʲôǳ̫ÿˣҿڵСҲûúáϴαٴߵСҲȲְɡ磬˵ûпǸӣϴûʲôֻ˸µ˵ԱҪǱٿˣƲܲҲôߡ
ôÿ
ɲԡҪҪֱˣ
ǲУһӣ˼ҹȴ֮⣬ⲻ˸ǵ⣿ˣ°ɣʱעС
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31 
ԾԸԱڴϤҹɫ֮, 밲ɹ
ҹɫɺͨûʲôֻصڶߣ̨ʦĶº, ȫûֳֵķΧ, ϲ
ڵȴŵĴСʱڣͰ̨ĵʦϵ, ֪ĵʦ㣬ҶԷƶ̲һλԱݹϵһϳ, ϾĿ˵ǸƵʳ, տ⣬ƽĵթƭ֮, ǱܸҲʱʱ롣
㾹ȻߴˣҲǣǱصģҲ˵ˡڵһ侪ע⣬꿿ڰ̨ϵ΢΢һתҹķԱƷݵ
ʵ𣿡
㲻֪գ۾, Ҳ̫, ھ˵ġ嶼̱ˡ
һ١
ûע⵽ı飬ֹʵͦõ, ˤʱײԴ, Ȼôء
һ, µȾ˵˼
Сʱҹɫӭ˺ܶ, , ˾ڿں˵Ц, ൱á뻹˼ˣǱߵԱҶ켸ˣĽֻһ֮ԵԱ
;Ƶʱ̸ŵ飬һڸпڿˣʱ۵ùǺ
˵˾ãܿ뿪ˡ
Ȼص̨һƿƵݸ룬ָָָһλãǱߵĿҪľơ
봹һ
һľƿ͸ľƿŽɫıǩȫֵֹģʾȫƿڵҺѪɫ
޳ָЩؿƿӣһɵСһ㣬Ϲˣһƿʮ򣡡
룺
ϽžƿĶһģΪУȻڸͷĶߵ˽
һ߸˿һ˵Ц
Ǿôһûȹôľء
ҪǶͣⱲӶûôľơ
Ϊٵ˾ڿϵλã΢ͷ¶һ΢԰׵άø˿ָһӣЦһǶֵܣǺȸҲӦġ
˵俴Ʒӭ˹
ĺƯڶٶԻŵľƸ
ˡٳ֡
˵øǿƣֻǳڰ뿪Ϊ˷ֹԭرƱ߶߶˲ٵСѡ
룺롣
ǰŸ뿪ż˿Լ򿪾ƿеʣ٣ΪʲôҪæƿ
һôľƣһô죿
ǿ̫ܲ־ƣҹɫӦģÿһƿ⻹ǰ˰²ԤġһǷԱӦģһСĸ󱭣
ô˵ҲԼԼоˡϧƲΪƵļ۸񰺹󣬱Ͼʮľƻͨ˶ԹҪɶڶүȴҲˡϧΪƹӦ
һǸ볢Ƶжúˡ
ƿ򿪣һŨζ˲ӵŴӾƿڼζƽľƺЩһž˾ͷûأͿˡ
лŸʽζͬƷֵľƣˮζ֭㣬ζŨҵģŨҵѾ߳һξص̨ҲֹסʱǼ⣬۵˼졣
͵ˣͷ롣
ͷЦŵõ˺ܶСѡ
Ҳ̲סЦ˿ֻ̨̰λˣҲЩʱԺ죬˿ڰ̨ϣЦеλˣҽǰɣÿֱܴʡҼǵһʱ򣬿ȥҪ˲ࡣ
ţ
ע⵽΢΢ĳü˵˺С岻ðɣȻүƽʱúܻһȥ嶼챻Ϳˡ֮ǰ⹤Ⱥﻹ˵λүҪΪͻȻǵô죬˭Ҳû뵽忴ȥһһˡ
﹤þˣʶ˲٣˽Ҳࡣ
涡ٵѸ̸飬˵Ƕٵĸ˲ٴʦ壬ڴʦǵŬ¶ԷŵԻָ

յβһӰߡԷ۾˵ͷŤͷ㣬΢Цȡơ
㣺Ŷõġ
ӹ˵ݹƬȡƵӣ㽫֮ǰݸ͵ǰľƵݸ˶Է
Է뿪
̶̰СʱڣƹϵƿѾȫȡˡ
㽫ƹøɾͷƵǰԤԼһ򵽣˵ҲҹɫķֵУţһơ
գգۣ֮ǰҺȹһΣر㣬һ㶼ƣζá
벻ȾƣԾҲû̫ȤⷽȫûйͬԿԸ㽻Ӧ˼䣬ʱûˣȥϴּ䣬ȥʱһԱһ߲ϴ̨һ죬޷Ǿ䣬ɨѡ
ҪȥϽ˵һ䣺СӣζûɢأҪǲ͵Ȼȥ¥
֪ĺ⣬˵ллԺ˶¥ȻȵԱһߣȴ»صһ¥λãƿĴšеĲʲô۵ζҲǾζѾɢѪζ
գ۾Ŀɨһ˵ϴּ䣬ͷԱɨøɸɾûۼ
Щźת뿪
ͬʱԾİ칫ڡ
ԾüѯɵһλԱûʲô
ԱСƸϽҡͷûأȫ̶;ƣż͸죬ʱҾվڱϣڸƿжáȥһϴּ䣬˵ζûɢȥ¥ǻһ¥ˡ
Ծԣͷָ°ϣĦһŵ˵Ǿûʲôˡ
СƸϽͷӦûʲô⣬ʵϹӣǱӦò͹Եס
ԾӦһУٶŵ㡣
С뿪칫ԺԾ뿪ϰΣȥһ绰ûúİ칫ڱӭһȫź۵ŮˣԷ뿿ϣֽĶŵϡ
ڣ㶯㣡һƿʮأ
Ů˿ǸСģɵúЦһüۼ䶼ǳûӡ
Ծûʲô档
Ůˣ͵ˣҾˡ
ʱȻԾһ·Ů۾ŤͷȴԾϽ˫֣ǹģⲻߵ̫һ¶˵Ҹæҹɫ˸Աе㵣ӣæ°ԺĶȥ
Ůˣ
ŮϵĳأҪ˵ôԽԽȥˣڻӣǵĻɱ˲ˣ
ԾΪǴǰɱԣͷϣ㲻඼㱾¡
Ȼ޵֣ŮϵĳЦһһӦһˡ
ʱǾޱȵײԿ鲻̫á

ҹɫƷԼ·°Ѿ賿ĵˣһߵģеĿ˶Ѿ뿪ҲؼϢˡ뽫ƿӷŵϣܿ뿪ҹɫĴš
ǰŸһ̤ţᵽһ˵Ϣ
ʵ붼Ϣˣҹɫڣֵ֣࣬Ϣһ𣬼֡
һ̵ظܵķ˺ܴı仯еﶼŬؽ
εϢе㲻һ
оԷƺţµһɫװʲôҲֻ֪ǰϰڵ·ϣżһǷԼһ롣
Էôһ·ķӸϴ轫µ·ϴɾҵ̨۽ǵɨһֱµջĿ⣬תصһѽ̨Ÿϡ
죬붼ܸоԼһСβĵظ
ʵǺģƶ̲ϰ࣬ȥҹɫֻǻ
ޱؿ׼ȥ̲ϰ࣬޿̣һŮ˹źˡٵаŻ죬ʱܸɶٵ顣
Ȼȵһ뿪²һ٣һת̬ظȥ
֪Уϲϳŵ壬챾Ϣʱ䡣ǰֻյȻֻѾɾ֣ܶ෽涼ˣЩϰԻţƩ쿴ȥġ
Ȼ֪̲ǵݵҲ֪һСβ͡
һ·ҹɫܿӰսһշϢȥˡԭվ˼ӣ΢ʱĿ͸٣ʵҲֻֻ֪ʲôıʲôˡ
ϾҪ˵Ļ˻ֻġ
ѾץȥĹƵһϴһƿɷ׳Ժ󣬶ѰͲ˵ˣ֪׳һ˿ָǲ׳Ҳء
ȷˣ֮ǰûϵҹɫ
뻺üת뿪ҹɫ
ûлؼңѡһƫƧûκμصǡٴγʱѾվʡеĽֵϡֵϢһ㱡޷ɼصüãȫ˷֡뿴ֻϵĵ̵ַػСʱǿҵеڶҽԺ
ġ
ƻгͣʱٵıʣڵһϾ͵Źˡ
ѭŴС̽ĲţܿŵסԺ¥703Ĳſţû忴ȥǲ˺ܶ࣬סſڵλãԴǳĬط
Ծûһ˿ע⡣
ĲǰվǷȣǸصˣڶ̶̼ʱһȦһǱֵԣܽ˫ۣƤһƬݣ·ò˶ϲǵᱻߡ
ʱֱָỮһƴڵߡ
йлʳ
Щĵ׵ɻڴ˿˽
ÿ˵켣һɲ䣬ҲСҲ졯жֺе˵ڡ˽⣬㹻һ˯뿪ȴ¹ʣΪ
ŨŨĺߣĲ²õ֤ʵ
ķ뿪׼ȥСʱȴһˣԷмƣ˲²λĶӡߵߣüһƣиǳ˺Ѫ˿ͷʣ֣ôˣ
򴽣Сأ
죺Ȼҽ˵׼ʱ뿪
һϽȥССɣ㲻òġ
죬ջʲôû˵ܻһҪǳҲ裬λ˺Ϸ۲һŵĸףջתˡ
ҵСӵĲ
СϲڴϣС忴ȥˡ
Ů˶˫ͮͮ۾ڴߣɷҲûֱܾ֮һ䣺Ǳôˣ
ӡ˻ش۾ɤңҵʱʡķǮûӾͺˡ
ʱҲǺġ
֪տƽܻӭ̶ȵģĸϾͣһͨҹܲˡҾ㸸ĸ뿪ˣǿתøľ˾ˣҲĸ׵ĵܵܡʱĸõֺڸĸˣû¶ڼҴӾˡ
赱ʱҲ뷨
ϾΪԲ۵úܡ
˭Ҳû뵽ľ֮󣬵ȴôһ⡣
һԻٵͥ⡣
˷׷׳ĬʱѾߵСߣģͬСϷһƱڲصüõڶϢ
룬Ӳճȥߵ¥ڣóֻ޲ȥһ绰
뱾˲СӵҲǵ˵Ժ˿ʱ
ûһ˱˵ˡ
ֻ˵ľʱȴһ£ȷǹ ǹĻҽ㡣ûǴĻʡ
޼ǵܵϢģԭΪ˹ϵӦò֪Ҳʶ졣Ƶ뻹֪ʵء
ҪǲĻҸ绰޵
Ȼ޳ɡ
Ӻ޸ϢŻڰСʱȥҽԺſġ
ӦһƿȫͨĴţԭ·ءȻ·ССĲʱµĲȴһ롣ʮʱ䣬ĹԹӲк
ŷӷ⻹һɫµŮˡ
Ů˿ȥʮ꣬˿еˮͻݸӣǰŶĹʻϼңû뵽ᷢ飬Сôˣ 
ϱҡҡͷȻʲôҲû˵һоڲС
Ů̾һû㽻
ʲôϵ㣬ɱǼҴСʱСһҲûУǻøл㡣
ǣǡ
˼򵥵Ľ̸УѷֱµŮƺСǰıķ
ɡ
Ᵽķϳĺ֤һֻ
*


32 
̾, һһظŶԼĴŵźǰСڵʩ
Ҳûʲôϵ
ǱһҴ˵ģȻֹͬҽ⳥ôеһжû˹ϵ, ɶԷ鲻š
ƫͷع۲, ŷ鱧ǸۿҲ΢΢Щ죬źʹСôСĺӾȻֳϵĿ, ʵ˫۵ŵȴǶĳЦ⡣
۲ͬʱϱò׿סӿٴαŷ, ǺӰ, ˳৵˫պޣ޺ͱԹ´ԵúܳƣҵĺôСʲôҪ
ϱһ˲䳹ױ
ôҲ, ƺѹֵϢΨеĿкͼŨء
ע޵ı˲䣬ϻ¶˸Цݡ
󣬵绰ѸЦݣϹϾغ͵绰ͷ˵˼, ҵ绰Ժ, º͵ضλļҳ̫̫ҶҸҴ绰һȥ, , Щˮͻ, ϣСָ
еʹͷȴҲû˵ʲô, ֻǽ͵˲ſڡ
뿴ӷ, ֿѾת뿪, ΢΢𣬺ܿѾ˸㡣
ǵЦֳһ˼ĻȣϸȥƺмҸߵͲƽһζµݣڿһ˵խռЦһãǴңǴӣǵã̫һҪҸˡ̫Ŵڴ˿


۾޺ء
ڵݵִһ¥ż򿪵ǰһ룬㰴סЦùֿŵĴǣƵ뿪ҽԺ
û֮λ¥䲡ӭ˿ˡ
㴩ż򵥵ıǰӦŵͽҪ󣬳ŵŷŷǼۣɫģ࣬ؿֻű־ﻹš͡˵ʵŷӶͦõģͽǶϲΨ
ܾһ˴·ţҪôϳ񾭲ҪôϳƭӣҽԺƶҪ
㲻ȴֹͽŴͽʡŵ۵һӣߵĹ˵ӢŵСͽ츳ѣϣӢŸѧһ㡣
ʶı£ûϹ˵顣
ղ¥ʱ˶࣬Ӣűŷ˺ӵĴ輷˵ݽ䣬˿ĵۡ
ǳ鴤ض̲סСûҪ˻ȥϴϴˡ
Ӣһ۵ýģȥʮࣺУΪŵһԱԲԴһմϷĵȥͻһͻӡô죿žԲΪҵһʧ󲻼ѣҪżĻȽȥϾͺˡ
㣺
аɡ
С츳Ǻܺãúܡ
վڲſţ˳ע⡣˶۵ʱȻЦˣȻԵ֣ûǴĻտϰ壬԰ɣ
Ҳһ롣
ƽ򿪵ʱӴĿ˿˵ǳǧʹ˼ôȴǵú
˵㾭ǼտտΪݡ
Ǹؤ
ƽĴ󲿷˿ġ
һտտʱע⵽Χü˵ϡȵ뿪Ĺ˿Ǳ㽻̸㡣ǵĿе֪ƽĽֵ֡
ֽŽȫᣬֲͶΪ⼸ʮֿ
ûԴ˱Լκĵ뷨Ǽ˲ࡣúõһСӣʮ߰ͣҲǺܲôͲúҷݹҪȥؤأⲻ˵л
һûտ㣬ֻż˵ͷǸСؤ񲻼ˡ
嵱ʱû£ȴû뵽㡣
㡭
죬ͻȻ֪˵ʲôʵҲ֪Ϊʲô
⸱ģ֪ԷϵԼģǶǡЦЦûҪæ˵ڣֻҼǵ򹤰ɣѣʡԴǡ
ˡ
Сӻأ
ȫ˰ƴĸɻ׬ǮСƽǮ͵
˵ʵе㲻ŵģϸһ룬ԷƺҲûƭıҪ˵Сˣ绰ʡ
ͷѳ˳ллôǷǳŲ˶ˡ
ָһԵĺӣ˿˵ʱҲ̲סʡ΢΢ƫƫͷߣڲϵŮˡⱲӸػصܡʱʧܣﱻծҵö㲻ʣʱҲû˵һҪԹԹĻȥ˾ƽ򣬿տꡣ
ʮʱ佫еծ񶼻ɾҧ߰ΨһĶȢţ׼ʱССˡ˼ҴһһҹڵСѧҪܴĿҪǲˣӶϱӣǣѹʵ̫ˡǾټּꡣ
һΣǶݡ
ҲСתúͷֺ飬СͬˣҲͦá˷ֺʹﻹǮãͲöӶϱٵĸĿˡ
¾ϣſĵغ˵ƣ˵Ҫˡ
ȻЦǣνȴ˲ϡ
˱۾Եı˼
ע⵽ʹ飬̾һǰһվĲϡĿԹݵʱһ١һƺɫĹţֳ̧Ȼ˺һ䣺С
ֵĹӢŴҴææŵ˽·ʱصƵ߶У¶Էŵϵķζ
ܵߣһ
ͻȻֵĹӢԼϴŵĵۣһʮġñ˵㶵̧ۿãʹ͡
ʲʲô˼
ؤŵ
Сĺǵ۰ɣ
Сֶ̾ԺС
˵Ӣŵļ򣬺ܶһŤͷãʡй۵ĵʿҽйӢţԽСйţλŵ㡣
ҽܣֽӢһקĲǰ㿪ڣӢűһβȻǷʲôѸٴԼĵڳһֽɫֽɰвͬķͬķŴŲͬ⡣
ž
ŷֽڿն𣬷ֱճ˴ʹϡͬʱһķֽͿϡ
ȥһĻ𾪵Ŀɿڴ
㶵ʱϺȻð˿˿ƵĺɫϢЩɫһ㱡֮ܵ˴̼ʼĴӴܣȻѱֽϵķֽǶмµܿ죬۳һŨĺߣ˷ֽϡ
ӺеķֽӢȫ𣬲ڵĴźʹ¿ҵչӴͶʱ԰׵
Сͷ㣬 Ѿɾˣ
ü̲סЦСԴȻǸ츳ߵСͽ
㴹ɫȻɲ԰ף״̬ǿͷԻԭص˵ͷ壬ӣӦûʲôˡ
壺
̧Ĩ˰˻κġ
һ⧲ΪǵȥȻֺһСûʲôšйлعЩֵķֳֽˡ
ֽõ±ʱСӺѾˡ
ĿһĲߣеǻ˸ӣĨںͻȻĨȥһ
һֿƲסȥ㡣
ûʲôȻȷǷܽ˵ⲡͨˤġ˵ֶɽ飬ȻԳƣżϽΪƸлƸϲЦЦҪôҪôзϡ
ЩĶҽļٸ߳ҲΪϾо仰˵úãɽ
壺
Щ˵δ̫һ㡣
ס
׵ѵǼŷֽHH_Զ
廹ֳĬʱҲνˡˣ˵һиСҲƵҪҲȥ

û˵ʲôĵ׶˵һġ͵ˣҲеŵģ߾ǵߵʱȻԷᶯһ¡ɾ۾ϸ۲죬΢ϢɤΡΡƮĶС
͵̧ȥ
۾ƺָŴץסü΢΢𣬴սʱںС֡
尵ҧҧϽ͹Ӣ˴СӵĲʵ뿪Ĳû֮ɫһĿֱֱԶĽ䡪ųĺ
͹Ӣ˼ӿŲֱƲ塣
ء
űӢŴƿܿ̽ڴߵӷ
üվĿڹӢϵĵʱüۺԣ˭ǵĲʲô
ӢŻ֮ǰǰһҽܸ˽ܣȻķӦͬСܺ붼ûʹߴ˸Ͻȥ
ҴҸϽڶǰϵ˵һ飬ҪǸСһ
δ˵꣬СԺڹǰԼϱڱˡصһϵˮɨڵأɤ˺ѷΣۿð᣺СѾ˻㻹ҪС̣ʲôӣ꣬꣡һ̥ʮģҺͽز˵ԺҪĸ׶԰ͱܲܲҪˣˡģˡ
Ȼ졣
鵽ڣϱûжӱԹޣĺܣôܲԹ
һȴġ
͹ӢŶһۣĺһ˼˵Ժ˵ڵϵƻλ飬ð˵һ䣬ǲǮҲǣҪңҲȻСˣǶһ᲻𣿡
еƻݵӵУԷЩԺؿһȴͻأطһС
ƻȻһۿɼٶڸãͬŧˮһҺ̼佫ָУһССĵطʼɢ
˽ԱĻˡ
Ǵ㵵Ŀ⣬һʾСǰɻһߵĻ˵˵ˮ˭£ǿˣֱҪǵ
䣬ͻȻĵĽŲ
ָſϣɫѩףѪɫԼһΣȵجξ۾Լڲϣǡʱʿ鿴ʿ𾪵Ŀѿڶǣˣ
漴Ҵææؿʼҽ
⼸ʱڣ緢顣
ССȥСڵʩС滬ݵʱСǰıķǵϲɫ·ԷߵǰкܸмСչˣŸлʱǱķȴȻֿЦúܴ
ʹȻ˲䱻Ρ
ʵǰһ룬ǱķҲС¶Цݡ
͵ؾסǰĲɫ԰׵ȥڲͼƺ𾪣ʶȥԼСӣĵظ֪СӵĲ
ڳ
ɤӣСǸķ⡭
ĶӺͶϱ˿Ѿ״ˣǶأϻֹĺɫŨˮͷԷΣ޷ȷ˿վſڵĵǲ衣
Ĭ֮УѾǰ ͬʱϱŵĹӢŽСϵķֽһգ̧ɫ԰׵ŮˣжԶԷԹԣɿͨۿղģĲ̡
˶٣ûµģüʱҪһ죬ҲȲˡ
ӢŽλһãŮ˱͵˹ŴϵĶӣŴŵµ
Сʱ
һӵڶƽ
۾ͻصҽ顣Ӻӳ¶ʱûޣΨһ̣ǽڿ޵ɤˡ
ӳ£ӺͶϱӡ
ڲˣӲû뿪СҲˣӶϱҲ龭
˫Ĩ˰ɤɳƵض޵ǰǸúøλ˵һ˵
ͷǵ˵ǺͻƸĶԹҲǴһ˼Ӳ˻ģֻ֤ƸǼҲǵһġ
طһۣŵô˵ĻҲֻƸһͬ½ܹġҼǵʱ˵һζҪ̫ˣúܺõԷҪʣְˡǼҵķʱͬ¸ҿţ˵иСжСζҵĺӡ
Խ˵űúһһ
սָ
λ͹ӢŵĵôһŵĻˡ
˼룬ʵлƸϵʽ𣿻ûпܸ绰
ӢŴչ˵Ҫ⣬ȻΪǴܻ֤ӦúĹɣ
һƣ⣬Ǿô
ط޴˿̵Ȼܾκ͹ӢſǵĴˣһ뵽ǰڴǰСЩûš⻰ͳֻȻڵ绰ͨԺֻȴ˹ȥ
ɿŮ˲ָͣüۼŷĺ⣬ִֻϸԵ绰ͷ˿ڣãѣģ˵ķиӡ
Զڼ֮
뿿ǽϣһŽڵϵĻƸߣֻ۾ڵ绰һͷԼи겢ҺƤĶӡ
*


33 
ƸСĲڸӷ˵Ҹ绰, ʵȻԴ뿪ҽԺԺȫ̶еڽֵϹȥѡһЩС̯ϵװƷȫҪȥϰģ
ҲǴ˿, յ޷Ϣ
Է, ѾҽԺ׼ΪСˡ
״ûӰߵ, ٴγʱӰװ׳ȺǰĿ⻹ڻƸ, ɫƽ߹ȥʱƸѾ׼뿪ˡ㱣ŲԶľ
ܿͷ, Ƹ·߱
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ȴûƸϵЦݽӲˡ
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ҲˣԼӶԷ۵׿ϵĽ顣
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ĬģͷӱȽ
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Ȼ͵͵ң
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֪ҹӶıķǻƸʱвµƸǸıģƭ˵ġ
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˭ܸΪʲôпשͷѹڻƸϡ
أԳĬʱ򣬹ӢѾСؽҵשͷע⵽һ֮ɫ˲һѣԭʬһĻƸȴͻȻſ۾ӵ͵ر
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ŻƸ׺ݵ۾Ц˵Ⱥ˵ĹץԺ󣬿ѡȥĸڿˡ
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˳Ƹ͵ʡֲ[칫]Ǳ߳ӭǸкӣԷЦЦá
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ĿһƣؿڵĹϣԷ֣³ɼá
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µĹƵʳһȦڴûϸϸ˽˴಻֪ϸڡ
С±Ҳˣ©ҲǽڣרȥҹƵġǹƵΪСǸͨ࣬Ҫˡ
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ΣҲ֪ȱȱͰйԱˡ
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˵˸ǣܿ뿪ʡʡ˺ܳʱ䣬ɵҪһҲֻյ޵Ϣæѡ
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üĵȻˣİ汾̫ȫ²ҥקģЬսֻǰЬǸ϶ѡ
ӢüȻ𣿡
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˼ʱ俴꣬޳ʳָһֽֽ̼仯Ϊҽⴵķ紵ɢ
ش˸Ƿ޳忿ɳ 򿪵ӻʼš
㣬ǰҹɫſ˶԰ųԺз۴ֻ࿴Ĵèī״̬һкзڳ꣬Ŀܣӿڴͳ˱ʩ۷ļӡ
߾ͬ¿һۣ۵˸ָϽӿŲ뿪ˡ
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۴ȻеģѾı䲻ʲôҲֻ˳Ȼ
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˶٣ѣǵ¹ͷ
Ѿ콫еӶȥ۴
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طԭ򣬲ɵЦЦûôֻ࣬ǽҴ绰ˡ
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ڴ󲿷鳾䶨֮绰лҸ˵Ժش㡣
տѾȷˣתøСӡ
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ȻˣѪأǺ;Ա𣬿ȥʮֲֿ
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Ⱥ͸һۣ˵гŨŨɻ󣬺ãôû
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ԺԴȻѣȵȣ˵ԤԼģ԰¹Ѫƺܹģ˶ֱӸǾԤԼġ˵Ǯأ㲻˰ɣ
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ƲԽվһࡢƷ룬Ծµˣ¶ϰԵЦݣ˼ʲô鷳𣿲絽Ұ칫һ£ҹɫ⣬ǿ϶Ϊġ
ʱѾԾشյԾߣüԽոմ˿е֪齲һ顣
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ҵǲһ߸˵Żһ߿ʼΪ˵ƣȵ͵˿У΢Ц߿ˣŴս룬ѹҲˣҹɫô࣬ÿ춼·ʲô⣬ԾһǶᴦáöͷϰ嵣ġ
ȥʱ䣬ϸһԾЩҹɫ׳١
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ǲ֪ǸжôѪȣ˵ѪһأҹɫڲѪζü춼ûɢ
˵𾢣ǻ汻øۼ֤һֱڵһλԱſվƱص̨ڵط˸ۣ˵˵Ծѹܣǿ粻֮ѻǸ˵ġȺΪ˵Ǹרҹɫ׸һء
ļٵİôİ汾һƺе㲻š
Աİ۶췭ȥˣ϶İŵĻСϡСϿҹɫĵһԱ
ȻԱ˵ôƶ㻹ǲǸаϽڷžƿСϸǰСϸղûв뼸˵ĶԻվý׾ͽ˵ĶԻڶС˿Ҳøʣ㿪˿ڣġȺְһ˵ҪȥغúˣһֱûʲôϢˡ
㣺
鴵˰ȫǱԲĻ档
иоԼǿС·˺ݺһš
̾û˼ˡ
Ծİ칫ڡ
ԳƽǸһСҵĸ߲㡣
Ծ칫ԺԾҲû˵ֻѯ˿ǸŵƵķԱʲô֣ʲôӣǷϵʽԾӦҪ飬㽫Լ֪Ϣȫ֪˶Է
ԾҲңҲԼȵġϰ廨˲СĹŴ˼Զţŵʱһƿ¹Ѫ˼ҿĿġڳ顭ϰҲģ˵ǲǣ
ԾĿڵϡ
Ѿ˽еķԱϢ͹ˡ
иӏԵķԱְǼ׼ȥأû취ƽ򣬵ú͸ĸһ뿪Ǳ߶ԴûκΪӏҹɫĹȷʵûôãȥҹɫӰ첻
ĻĹ︡Ƭ̣ʰԼ˻߶߶ĿʼǱǰһתʵ𣿡
һͷ۽ǵɨĻƬҲġְ֣ɫһ䣬ɤҲƲסʲô˼ְǣԾǾôģھſְûϵˣ

Ծ̧˵Уϵָ棬ĳż򵥵ĳƺȴҲ֪ôģпʯͷͻȻ˿ϣͻͻ¡Ǻ˲Ȼ
Ծʶ࣬촽Цݣ˵˵ô
죬ګګȻǵԱɵģ϶ҹɫ𰡡Ѳһƿ¹ѪƣҿԽˣʲôԱְûְ飬ǵԼ԰ɣ
ǡôȷⲻӏһϷˣǣҪ׵һƿ¹ѪƵһϷأ
Ծһ˵ţһժ۾ױ¶ڿе˫û˿Ц⣬磬ϵĿͻ⡣ɿ˿ѾԾĻͷˡ
ʲôϷˣǣһƿ¹Ѫƣ
⹷ƨԾʲôˣ
ӏǸƭӣԾҲƭˣ
üֱҪѪԭȻԾ˲ܺúýһԾҲʲôö
Ծú˵ģ
ڽ⣬ڵǣӏǲһġ
Ծĵһ仰ڳŭ˿
˵͵ӣ˫ֳϣһóѪŭ죬촽ڷҲ֪ԾôΪǵҪΡҾǽ⣿Уұþܹ˶԰ɣã˵ҹ겻ɲģָһܲٵĺ¶أ
вһĻҵԾϣЦһתߡ
Ȼ̧ſżһ̣Ծɤٴ
عͷôԾҲñ
δ˵꣬ͫͻȻӡӡһ˫ͫǰԾûзκα仯͸һʵıȴ񿴵һڳԼӡǺ޵ӼԼıӣȳͱϢʸĶжҺصڶ˻֡
ͫͬһ˲ȻǱβסˣӲá
ôˣ
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Ծ۾
βŻֻǺĵѡ
ɳŨŨĿ־С
ȫ㲻׸ղŵ׷ʲô
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ʹ۾Ŭ۾ԾԷǴǺЦģܾ˲ԺЩεزֱ
һпƺܺ
ԣǲԾ
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ôһ˲ʲôƨ¹Ѫƣĵطܳȥ
ոջˣҾǻԺúһġأ
ġδɢȥĿ־£Ծº͵ÿЩ̫ʵ
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34 
ʮ, ԾԽ͵ҹɫ⣬û֮ǰڰ칫ʱľʧ룬Ծ˵Ц, ƺ̸ʮֺг
ССʱ, ڿµĴѾԱĿڴ˾֪
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ԾԩͷҪԼǮʮһƿ¹ѪƲǸʲӿп, 治񻰣Ҫ˵տ׵ľӦֱӴ绰, թƭء
թƭ, 뵽ƽթƭĹûнڵõ϶ĻشԺ, ֽ⳶ص¹Ѫϣ϶տ׵ף¶Ҿ죬¹ѪҲòˡԾ㿴ԾΪҹɫ, ֻƸ, ԾòҰ
ĳƪۣһ
뿿ڰ̨, ΢ĵƹ⵲ס, ֻаӨ, Ե쳣ء
ԾŲɣĳ, ȴȻ
ǵָԼҹɫһӡ
ûв˶ԿָҲûвԾĴ
ʱܿ°ʱ, 뻹ԼĹ, ̵ߡܿ췢̧ŵһֶ̣β͡۽ǵɨֻɫֻһ·صҡ
ʮӺվǶķ¥½䣬ͷͳֻȥһ绰˵ǲв˵Աû⣬Ǿ죡˷ʱ䣡
绰ͷԾܻʼһ
ͻȻȷ⵽ڱֻǵһ¹ʡ
ڡ
ԾŵϹְԱӏԸϢȷӏΪʮ򽫿ƭ˸ת
ɣǱ߲öˡ
ˡ
绰һҶϣԾ洫ְֻ̧ͨһӣӏԵϡʾӏõʮԺ󣬽Ѿ˿ʡȻֻҪһʾͿĴְڴǷƨĸĸƽúúõģиԵĹδ˵Ҫǰʡ
ͷβӏں˵˵
ԣ̫ӣΪǾڿϵƭǰҹɫϾҲûзǰо棬浽һ˵͵ˣ˰޷Ǿˮ㣬ձȥˡ
Ծ˳ĿⶢӏԵƬϣ
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Ů˵飬ԾҲûоܾվڰ칫ڣӰȴڻʧ͸׵Ӱ͸ĿʱһӰϢظȥȵۣԾŮȻ˿ʡʡ῵ݵĽֵϡ
ǸЩرĵطλƫƧסҲ࣬ɽɽͨ˽˵ͨĻɽЩͷ߹֪ɽ
ÿһݣҶ쬵ġĸ첲۾ڲԶĴɽܿջĿ⣬ǸְԱܵʲôȷֻǸͨࣿ
ȷԾ
ÿһְԱصعۣɾһСǰûʵƩ״ŵè۴Դ˺̬ȣԽҹɫڲԱȴֻͷ۴һ
ֽ֣ҹɫڲ׻¡
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˵ߵľƵ꣬ȹȥ
ӏڵľƵ봾ɽǳ
иֹ˾ԴɽпɹķΧҲֻڴɽĴɽˡ˵𿪷ɽһΪ˽ֵ飬ǾǰںպķһλʦĴ£ҰĲؽһȼɽׯĿƻʼʱ䣬ſʼָ⣬û֮ʽ־޴Ʋˡ
ʱܶҵʿ˵ҵĴʦǸƭӣҸŵСͽ֪ɽĿӲãƫƫǻ˵ɽ֡
ҹ˾ӏڵȪƵ꣬㽫λڴɽĹȥʵ봾ɽɽŻкܶ·
ԾŴɽȪƵߣ·ûʲôƣֻдɽө˸΢ӫͷ˵󻺻ġεӰӡɭɭϢЩЩӴɽҲе㲻̫
üҪӿŲִߴԾϽߡ
˶ûע⵽֪ʲôʱЩͷөѾɢȥͬǳөûſȴͣڰա
ָ̧˴өǵƨɣЩεؽΧסγεөǻɢ
ЩөֻǼ򵥵δǻۣǻ῿봿ΪϵϢϤ
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Ŀ͸ө΢Ĺâһֱڴɽ֮ϣ޴Բ³ڴɽ֮ӡ˶Ӱӡ뵽ʲôָһֻө棬ƵػζųŴɽȥЦЦ
Ƭ̺ٴθԾ
˿ֻѾȪƵꡣΪɫƵ긽ʹɽɽһ޵ſտӾƵȥĴ·żһС̯ͣţ·ƳĵƹжţڵͶССӰ
ԾȻѾ˽⵽ӏȪƵľλãֱֱȪƵĴߡ
ִֻӲŽʱ΢ķſҵķ塣ײ˻˯ǰ̨Էſһյĺ˾µĺۼɵԴ°ʹ˯
һ·ͨ¥Ծ۷еļءֺһۣһƾտ8012ĴţڡڰԾص˿ϼң谭Ŀ޼ɵػڴϺ˯ſյˣĵغ߳һڴأԣɱôͷϴθ˵ɱ˵ġ
Ծζһ
ЩʱһҪɱ˽ġ
ҹɫȽԻֶ̫Ρ
ҹɫտʱЩ½½вҲġ
ûһǿȫȫβ뿪ġ
ٸӣ˶̸ֻǢȴ֪ڰ칫ھʲôȻ׿ⳡ¹ֻһܺߵĽɫԾܲϲͱԼҪ¹ѪƵ̬
ԭͿȴںμ䣬һֿº͵ķʽʱ⡣
Ծָһŵ̺ĵذϻڣΪ죬Ȼһֻ彡˶ִ򼡣
۾Ŵ󴲣򼻺˰ɫıӣӰʧļڣԭ˯ӏ˾޴ʹ࣬˳ĺһ٣ü𣬿ʼĺۼ
Ƭ̣Ŀ³ĭһϢƺϾͻ˺
üҪˣô
ԾڣⱲӵɵĲзϻš˭֪ǵְԱթƭҪˣǰ߱ˣɱ𣿡
ֻǸӏһѵѡ
ѹϾλأԾǵùϸġ
һЦЦĵ٩δԾκ
ⱲСˣǵֻǽѵӏԣҲûʹ߶߶˸߱ӏԵйϵϾΪǼڲᡢ˼֣Ǳޱԭһü
˵ԼĶԷȴҲͨ򼣬˽ʮʱľ綾Ʒ֡ÿιԼ߶Լ綾ĳӣǧֻʣ
˺ܶѰ顣
οɽʪһĳֻ಻١ǰʱ仹ű˵صľҧòҽԺ
˵ӏѡݴɽҲ˺ܶ鷳
Ծָһִӱﻺ˳һ·˳ŸղŵĺۼصԾĽűߣԾֱλãһִֻһ͸ķκӣӲװһЩѾĳӡԣװġ
վһߣؿſģеʡ̧֣ϸָһӲıŪŶԷĽţǰһŲ㶾һ࣬ɴ˿ȴһŪ
Ц٩˵˾䣺ԡ
һɲǡ
ּµӴָ֫ٺѪҺӿظ
һͣȻʶԡ
ȻѾˡ
һָֻ׼Ĺն׸ĲӡоԼʵѪʼȴ⣬ǯֻ̧ܰͷɴ۾ֵֻ˿ȥǰֻһƬϤϲڡ
ǡ
ͷǱ˺ѡ

ӵĲλݺݳϡ
ѪɢأŨѪζ˲Ƭռ䡣
֮ңԾ˿̻ӲҲѪɾɴ˿ȴĺ⳹׶ᡣ
л˹ֵĴӰӡ
ײеĶճ֣һڽͷ
ŵʳ˼
ŨĹŹ˵ȫӰǣ˺ʱŷѪҺб߷ɽԾϡ
Ծͫʼսţ͸ĤӡһȳѪ
ŷӵָطףָⲻԾ˶ͻɱ֮С
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кܶûζˣ˺£ûϾ¶ı顣ʶȥˣܲ³
һ£۾ֱԾ
ѾֵζȫЩʳһ㶼Ծü
Լе
޾Ĺһͳ׽ռӹİ帩Ծǽ͸΢¹ӡһ޷Ŵǿ˵Ŀ־Ӱӡ
ʳһ㣬Ǽʶֻ
ƶͣԾһſȫû˶򼣺ֻСϧҧҡ
⻰ʲô˼
亹ԾĶͷһεε
ףЦһ
ԾתȦϸָһ㣬ԾбðӏԴ˿̺ö˶˾űڴϣǺ̹ģں˯еѹûխĿռڣ޷״ɱ
ûбҧģ
Ծͫ΢΢Լ˴ʼеӏԱٰġ
Ϊʲô
ԾӏԲرһֻǿĶΪʲôҪ
̾ԾԺУ״ȴֻǳ˳
гദľԷֻһԭǩԼ
ǰҵӏԣڵҹ˷νʵǱɵԭʼ汾
ӏԵǰʱһЩ̳ע⵽ϷŻ뵽񣬶ٸ͡ӏõĽҲܼ򵥣ӏҪǮ˵ʱ۾ôǮ򵥡
ӏԴСⷬҲֻƲƲ죬Ȼͬˡ
˭û뵽ǵķĳɹˡѵϣһ۾һпӏԡҸˣ˹ظӏԣֻҪӏԸ⹩ͻӏҪһС
ʼӏΪˣѹû¡ֱص׼Ϣڴ㿴ĺ˷ۼһӰǰ
ȥļ죬ӰӰΡ
ֲֻǽᣬӏԴ鷳
Ʃӏҹɫһ˳ͻ
ⱣǿϵҹɫֻǸŵģȴ쳣߰ÿοӏԵԱʱܲŵļ
ӏԿ˳ۺܾãԷȻͻΪӏԾԲСײһ£ԷסԺǱҪӏԹǸſϰݡ
Ա֪²ôƫķʽɵַûһǰȰ衣ؿӏ˫ϥ¹򣬿ű¶ԵĳЦ
ӏ뱣ʱѪҺڽţָճȭǵĹؽŤǱһ٣ɶԷҹɫк̨бܡǡѪӿʱ̣ӏԵĶٴǵԹӰ
뱨𣿲Ұ㰡
ӏԿڴӦ߾ܾʮӺʹӱ˿Ǳ̨ˤϢ
ֻܱǿȣӏʶһʼǵķϷͳɹˡ
ˡ񡯣λ񡯿
ǣȻȻģӏԺͶ˹뱻ߵϵ
ӏԱ˴ӿͻƭǮ⡣
ʵƵ뷨ӏԵԺ˸ΣҹɫЩֶκʹţӏԴû֡
ֻһˣ˿ɽ
ҹɫıô󣬾Ծôô͹
ӏԵȻ֪ԼĲʲô񣬵νǹֻҪ㹻ˡ
ˣеõ϶Ļشȷ˶ԷԱҹɫıĿ˿ϣ˳õʮ
ΪԷһ˿ݡ
ջλ䣬ϸϸԾ׽Щź˫һڣӏΪȻôӻͦģ֪㲻ǡҪûұӦѾˡ
źת˲ţһһ΢ЦÿϧŶ
ųıڵԾĶУӲƺ鶯һ¡⶯ɤǱסûôʵذ뿿ɳϣǱģߵĺ˵ĺۼٴοڣ
ҲԸһᣬ벻ɱӏԣ
ָͬһĺ㿴ΪʮǮ˿ÿҹɫ鷳ҪίԼôǮȻǮ֮üԵİüһвҪﵽ𣿡
ѯԾĶߣһһֵ³͸ǵϢԾĲѪܣѪҲе
΢΢һ΢ɳƵ©ʲô
Ծ׽͸΢⣺ͻȻúǩԼûʲô˼һô껹ûԹǩԼ硭һԣ
˵һԣʵָ𣺡ѡŶǩԼȥžۡ
ԼһֻѾѾԤԵԣвһĶˡ
ԾѡأȻܾ
ûС
û˱ֻ˵вж󣬵ֻƺ͹ֱһ㶼ɣֻҪܾ񣬶Էͻԥؽ˺飬
³ûκ
ͷʶԾ͵ر۾еƤڵĺأÿһζҪӿŭ
֪˶ãԾһһֵʣֻҪǩԼͷң
Ȼ
ҴӦ
ԾͫǻȳѪҺݣĶȾ졣ԣԾϣϵѪǰֻŵĶһѹŭͺͬʱͣиԼ
ûϵ û˭֪ίһֻ
İοЧʱԾͫһĨɫ˻ΡɫĹʱϹƽıȻˡ
ԭ
õǰľȻһֻֻ
Ծ¶ͫСŨŨĶ⣬ζЦǵһֻԸҽأҲѸȫ硣
Ծɫ䣬͵ɭޱŤˣң
ˣôˣʲôҲˣ𣿡һӏ޴ҵ޴Ҳҵ޴˰ɣô꣬ѵûһ𣿶Ļôء
ϸָʱԾŭŤıһգѸٸѪȵĺ죬ߵߴ类ݺסҪȴȫȻ ֻ˫ۿŹЦţĹ˳֫ٺ壬ҪһĽ
ֻ۵һ
ԾɢŨѪζѪƤ·͸ûһʱ㳹׳һѪˡ
ΧĿȾѪζʱܵ۾صᣬȻζһ㿴ֻ¼ƵƵػӻ֣ˣװūͣԹˡ
ԾعڵϣðѪɫףȥҧⰴѹס˱ŭ飬һһֵӦҵģҪɱӏԡ
֪µѾı䣬ԾͬʱеŭͺⶼתӏԵϡӏԣͲڿݣҲᱻһֻвǩԼ
ȼյķŭռ˲ǣԾȻӏԵǷ𲻱Ҫ鷳ֻӏѪŭ
ϧǣֻЦЦһ䣺ʲôʱӦ㣿
ء
ǳױƷԾ͵شӵϵгȥȻеĵ⼴ʱѾ˺˲ɽҽһ
̹ǵʹͺӿзһ̱һ㵹ڵϣӲд
ĳԾЦһ֪
ֽԾӳƵ꣬Ҳڴ·ϻ뿪תͷȵĺȫ£ͷƴ򿪣Űһ𣬶ӰȻһĲϡ˼£һºͳСϺԼ߰˺еĿһơơ
ָơ޵Ļơƽ˶ʱȴЧı򿪿ӣֿСϺ̫ϲСϺΪСϺ֭Ū֡

ҪҰæСϺ𣿡
۾ٿһи˭Ȼ͸뷨ҪСϺ
͵ŤͷȥϵЦݻδȫžߴİִżϤʱ׽סˡ
ʱ˿ֻﻹֱſ˫۴͵ģղųŰɱԾʱر˷ЦĶɫ¶ͰЦݣһִֻ߿ҧһڣʵۣζһ㣬ȥƽտ
񣺡
˹ˣǴģ
ַ·˱ǿ׵̫ʵΪһ䣺ʶˣ
񣺡
ô᲻ʶ룬гһվǱʬӶֳ꣬Ҳμ
ڱӏԺٻ֮ǰһֱ񶼵Ԩѷڣ޾ĺڰ޾ļžһֻϲֵĶȴԨѷڽǧʱ⡪
˵ҲԼ
ǧǰһ䣬Ȼֻʣλ롣
벻ͬһ㣬ףͽ׳һվ͸ѹȸСΪʱĵڶ޸ɽۣԼƷظԺһ۾Ͷ˺졣񣬶˵ҵ˺Ҫһս
쵱ʱЦЦؿָվŵ꣬룺ҵܵܣùٸԡ
ʵע⵽룬ԭ볤̫ÿˡ
ɺÿǺÿҲʵǹ⿴
·Ԥϵвʻߣ³üжעҪҵܵܣȥ񶼵Ԩѷ졣ҵܵҪˡ
һԵ̧Ƴ䲻ˡ
񣺡
Ц
û˵͸ôţһͷӦ˺졣
Ȼ
һһѱԨѷ˽ǧʱ⣬ֱǰһѡ
ǧ˺ܶÿν˺ǰصһ䣺ʶ𣿾սĵܵܣǸ
Щ˵֪Щ˵֪һʣ֪Ĵͷβϴˡ
ս룬˭˵Ǻģ
ѾϺݺԹһθͷϹһδ󵱵˿¶룬еķǶԶڨЦô
һ⼸֣֪񻹼ǵԼЦЦüġ
˵ųһԵʪֽ˹ؽݳָһһɾüĿ΢΢ڵƹӡӨӨԣ˵ҹɫǰԱƭ˱˵ʮɵģ
Ծͻأʱľ˿̵Ҳ˲Ҹɵģֻǰæ̯Ӷѣе¶ӏԼģ
֮ڷһȺѡӏԣΪӏԹ࣬ɹ鶼ò֡еʱѧͷҪμӸ߿ѧԣѧסԺ˸߿ѧʱǰŮѵδüû˺·˾Ա˾ӏԵϸմ
˵ûбֳκοֻǳԷ˹ָչʱֻҵ޵¼һҳĵ򿪣Ȼһд֣гദ׼
ָһ㣺[гദԭΪٽķչκʹΥΪΥߣΥΪس̶ȶһϵгͷóͷھƤǲͻ硣]
뿴ҿԸ׼͵Ǵ㣬Ҳ԰ͺԼͻԨѷ죬Ͼʱ䣬ųǧꡣ
񣺡
ĵҾһԾһ¡
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35 
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˲࣬İá޻ٻʦϿϴֻԼ̳
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㿪һӵӏ¹Ѫƭ߶Էʮ·顣
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60L¥ֻҲ˵Сؼ·ϱ
61L60¥ֵܺܶ
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227L̽ٱ
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뿴˼, ¼㶼
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Ҳûע⻰Ժ¶ֱ飬ϷѾѡӢ۽׶ΣϽȫע档ʮӣԼĶ߱ȻһƤýϷ
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룺
۾һϷûʲôȤ˺Ȼյ޵ߣ۶ԷֻĻȻ˵źö졣
ͨϷҳСȣ޵λзֱ˿ڵĶһIDظרɥƷ
룺
ִޣָIDⲻϵɥƷ𣿡
۾飺ƣһΪɺϡ
Է˿ڲʶظרɥƷϵҵ꣬ոտǲýϷɥƷϰ
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ʱ޼λϰĪĸоôһڣͲ̫еĲΡһν׵ԼϷֻܵѾ뵽Լˮδ˵ǰǸԶԶԲҲǹģһһ㣡
ǡƶ̲ÿпţޱһƣǰЦʣãҪʲôƼǵƷݮŶ
ִżϤɤ˳һͷĶС
Լĺڰָ΢٣ԺͻأðʱĪԼЦĻ棬һ໰ںﲻϲ£ջ˻ȥ
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Ʃ羭ð㡯ԺͻȻû죬Сȷȴʼû˵ֱԼҵĻرƵһ̣˺ܿƵһ
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ʶõͼһ117ţظרɥƷֵʱ򣬱һ
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˵ϰ֮ûٻʦϿȱݿڼΪʵѰ
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ĵҲǡ
һĿⲻһƳ˵ĵڶ
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ڴ֮Թ˲뷨
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ģ뻹ǵ˵ͷ
ݮģڻûܽԼлţ͵Уҵ˻ᡣ⻨ǮһȻʹ̲ϡȵ̲װã̲ſڵС¿ǰظרɥƷꡣ
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ҲûжﻹһҪ͵ֵ̲衣
޳ӰܿԷʧջĿ⣬˽ܱǾƽŮܹģͬǴϰ塣ϰ˵εԼѾȥʮĸףȻҲûص˵ʲôƵܹòȡ
˼ȥÿϰڵѣǡɾƽŮһҽظרɥƷĵ̣ϰ£һȦﻹкüϰ嶼ҲԿ
ϰǮִ󷽣һܣͷղ˵ҶҪˣҪǸһҲνŶûгܳҰֿ

˳룬֪θ߶Էظĵ·ǾԲг·ġ
ҶȣֱӿƮġ
ϰûע⵽ĳĬֻûҲûϵˣ˵߻аæֽǮķǰɣ
Уÿ¶԰æաǵǳֶ˵һ䣬Ӧùˡ
ϰһ֣ǮģҷʱҼͷѾزˣһֱãܵҲûϡûˣصµúúܻǡһ£Ҹתˡ
ʮӺ󣬷˴ϰ塣ػʱıϴؿɳϣ޴ŵĴ⽻Ŵڲ輸ϣһֻһһȥ۵̲衭Թ졣
߹ȥʣϴʲôʱҲϲ̲ˣƣ㣬ú𣿡
˻̲豭СŴߴߴģΪóԡ
ƤüĿʻδȫɢȥ̧̧°ͣͣ㡣
۾һֻ̱굽һԵ̲衣
ȻȵͬõĲݮ͵ЩаغͷǱһ𡣷Ǳ˴룬СϾȻⱭȫµĻҪֱ࣡
̲סֹһ䣺ʲô˼̲Ҳúòõ𣿡
ķϰ⻰ԼⱭصһԱȣȻˡ
ĵ㣬׼ʱ°࣬׼Թȥҹɫǰźŵʱڣƶ̲Աӭλˡ
Ƥһ̧վ̨ԱԼеǸһ¡Ѿ˹Ŀ⻮Աһ𣿡
Ȧ߳ķտƶ̲򹤵ƽľֹ֪ˣоطصΪǰֵ̲ء
ԭҲΪῴġ
̲ԱѼֲ֣ЦеʣθѾ°ˣλҪʲô
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ѣ֪顣
޵ͷ˵˵
ĳɵУҲ˵̨˼ĳ档ͬʱΪѵõĿ֣׼˵ҩʱ˹ͷѳ̫࣬նԷˡ
ʲôҩġʵ
ʵϾǱѾ߽йʬ죬˷ҩɷȴôҲⲻ
һ˷ܵҩҩģϵʽԸ㡣ĳһκ룬һԵľźȥˡ
Ѷֻʣˣ޴ϵֻнϢ峡ˡ
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˵Ĵ̯ӵģ1203ΪһжϤѲ²飬ڴʬ巽Եᳵ·ô1203ĳɶϹϵ
ĳȴе鶼ˡ
ޣ̨˽ģҲ˷ŵģδѵʬ嶼Ըġ
⻰㱻ЦĻԴһơ
Ǳߵĳɺͳ̨еϵĳǼСӣͷһ磬ηڽֳ̨ʱĳɸġǾִĳɵĸ磬õĻشǡȻ̨ҵͺٺģЩҵܵҵġ
ʣΪʲôĳɲԼͺη
ĳɸ˵ΪûôǮҲܣֻҡ
ĻشĳǶҲ˵ͷ
ԣ޳ָ̻ң΢䣬ĳһеҩ̨ʬȵȡ
ţ⻰Ӧ໹СӦ繲֪ࡣ
1203ڵֻ޵Ĺ죬Щĳ޷ش⡣
ǾͲꡢηˣ
ûܶѡ
ϾϣΪĳɵϵȷɡ
ꡣ
ԭץĳڰˡһ䡰ҾҺηģĳҾ͸䣬Ȼ˰˲ԡ
ʾĳɽСʱڶʮԺִ䣬˴ͳˡ
ĳһصͷ뿪
Ҿĳȷʵ֣ʾʱıֺܾܻţһôڶ̶̼СʱԺѯ侲ûб仯޻üէһʲô¶ǰˣϸȴôҲԣı仯̫죬̫ˡ
ôʱӦлļм϶ʲô飬˵ȥüģͷһϸ븴ӵҪԴը顣
ϧˡ
м䵽׷ʲôȴĳɣ֪

̨۷׷˺ü졣
ĳڵļԶƵ⵽ѵĴģƣѰĳɵʮ˴˸顣
뿿̨̲ǰָֻĻһź΢ȥ
ͬʱֻϵεεεεĳϢ
ġ
ÿʱÿ̶ߣ˵ֻôϵβ͡Ϊ˸õ磬ǳֱ׳Ҫһֻ
ʱĻģֻ϶øİȻ¶ѵصܵǰһپͳ뿪Ĺɻô죿
źȷе
뻹ǺԼǮ
֪ԼõֻǵԺĶֻ
Ĭʱϴͣ߶߶߶һ˵һô졯һ˵һشô졯ʱþһֻԼĶ˵ؽУеԴЩͷۡ
ȻʲôҼǵ㵱ʱ¼ٺǩԼӣǸֻأ
ֻȵβ͵èֲҵֻҸմԨѷûǮֻӏԵģʲô˼ǲΪҪƭǮֻҸ㽲
δ˵꣬ĵɤѵ𣿡
񣺡
󵽵ǱòˣһСǧܻ
벢Ӳ񣬵ǮʱǾԼڵѪͬǿ͵ʱ񼤶غ޲Ѹȫ磬קֱģģһԨѷ١
ĵ˵
Ǹȭͷе㲻ܿơ
ڣõֻȻѾصߣֻʱʱ̶̿㱨ٵĶ
µһ[ϰ壬ٽͦԵġ]
µһ[ڼ˴죬ҪˣҸȥ]
µһ[໣ȥҹɫġ]
µһ[ʱ䣬һӣҶȺ˵˽⣬ȥС⣬һ̲סҪжˡ]
µһ[ƣûʣȻشС㣡]
룺
۵üģѰ˼ĿܡΪٵϢѡ˷ֻǱʵܲ˵ʱٶȴǸδҵƯƿAPP
һߣŷԼĺѾѻ˺ܶƯƿ
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Ŀ⻮֣еƵƯƿִʣµļ
ү̲ϰ飬Աʱܲܲһǵգһ㶼úȡ
ү˱ƣȫǲ˱ƣ
үÿһٱ龲䣬ϣԻø
үȲ̲裿
үӸƯƿ̲1̲Ҳ1
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37 
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ϴɾ֣߶߶߶߹
ڸ㱨̵ľӪоԴ˼λϰæǵĿ߲, ҴϰѶǴϰ, һµǼʮĶ治
ӿǱ˵ǵĲƷ, ظۺҲûʲô⣬ϴ, Ϲ۷ߣ
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һƯƿAPPûڹܣڵõ񶨵ĻشԺԵø⡣Ҳû̫ʱȥע飬Ϊ̲һƷˣһǶʮ̲衣
ڼֻ̲յµϢ̲һλԱһϽ룬üܸ
ϰĸޣһˣҪ͸ĸȥԾϯصغһλԱ˸ࡣ
ͷһۣͷȥɣıͺˣܿġ
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Ƴһۣӹ̲裬õˣԻȥˡ
Ȼһأ߶˯ǰ̲Կǰһţ̲衣
ر̲豭ɢ⾪ѣ۾һֻ۾ͺһϤζڣۣ¥޳Ӱ̲סѯʣϴôֵƶ̲Ĳݮ󸣰
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غٺЦһǲУϴ̲أ
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ҵĴűϸصߣҲû⣬ڽ̲꣬о˲١
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Աص̲ʱѾʣ̲趼ˡ̨棬ͷԷЦ˵һ ٶȻͦ졣
Ա뵽ԼղŵƲסظ²ۣͦ죬ǿ̲һžȲˡܾǺ⿴ҡŶԣǲ⿴ҡ
վ˧Ե̲ʣ
һ뵽졪
˧粻͵ȵȥ̲ɣ
ֲÿһӡ
뵽п룬̫ˡ
Լȷʵԡ
ʱúܿ죬ת۾͵°ʱ䡣޴ҴҸӰ࣬һλԱһϲǣֵմմϲѵ
Աˣǿɵöմմ
˷ֱ뻹Ǵ㰴ԭƻȥĿ͵Է͵ſ[ϰŮ꣬ſںϲ]ĺŶȻʶϲǾλϰҵġ
ӣԼ¹ջѡ˺ߡǺʡڵͼͶ֣ҵһҾҹɫȽϽĿ͵ꡣִ͵ʱ濴һ֮ˡīڽ䣬һǷһߴӰͳ۷ҧ
۴
룬Լ˹ȥ
۴һ˵۾밡ҲԷ
뺬Цͷ
۴ϲ룬ϾҹɫԱУǶƵһȻˣ۴Ϊ벻֪˵ĶԹҲһϵ۴һֱֻǳԵèþԺ֪ҪҲûϵЦе̧̧۾ྡ
ȵ˳극ʱ仹磬һèм⣺è𣿡
۴ϽҡҡͷҲ㣬ǰһֻèҸԷԣֻè
˵۴īµ۾һҼҾڸҪȥСè𣿡
𣿡
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δһ̤ȥƽƺЩɫ
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һ࣬·ֻèҪ
֫Ծ̯͵࣬Сè͸¶Щã̧Դ뿴˰죬вû۴κͰԹ˫ʳº뵭ȻʶСͷԭñһҧϵļ
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Խ۴ļܿġǳڿڵıֻ̣ЩҲͨĶ̣Ĩȥϵǲ۷䡢칷pȵȡ
룺
ĬãһԼ۴ôô༦ѼѼйӣ
뵱Ȼó⼸ֻȻСҲզÿǿǿ׳֪ΪƱ۴ӦøǺܺõ֪ģ۴ÿµĹҲô㣬ҪộӹҲýͰ͵ġ
۴ͷᵽϢһԶȫܳźڶƵ۾۰ͰͿǣӣЦǼ񵽵ģǵʱǿȥˣȻҾͶؼˡ
۴ûʲô˹ƽʱҲûҽǵĿ¶
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۴Ժ޲ñĴȺְ֡
ʵҲҼҳȻˣֻ̲̣ͨͬ࣬ߵǶڻŬִѹҪĻʱ;Ǯһֵֻ̡
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ҪСèߣҿèͦϲģҪǲĻʹؼҡ
۴ﵹһ㣬һ뵽ǵݣûǱСèʡ
ǣֻèûֻС׻ؼҡ
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޳ָսһ̣еķϻһ˲䱻ʻ˶ٿڣڨڨЦЦһ䡰Ҽ١ٿһûӰˡ
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˵ҵظרɥƷԻ뵽ԼˣҲûʲô˸ԼӶֽǮȨ֮ȥ˽
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ĳȥˣ˱ͽͷҵɥƷҪҹɫ·ԶԶҹɫĴţΪϲϳ˵5Gʿر뵽˺ҹɫϰйصĳ̨¼һ
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ЦеظڷԼҪҪûѯһϴ飬һ̧۾ͼתһ䣺ҽҹɫ
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ϴǲҹɫǲǮȥ
ôҪ
ҪķҹɫԺ󣬱ȷԼ뷨ղſڸܵһޣ쳣ϤϢͺͬһȪʣ֧ɽȪˮۣ˳ǹɻڸϢ֮еζһ·һԿտĳȡ
δߵȾͷȿһڵӰӶڽ
ԷƺδĴڣͷŶ
ҹɫ˳˺ܶʳ˾ϲ滹ϲСϺСϺ֮УԥѡǰߣֳİüôܺСϺᲢۡ
ųʳ䣬벻֪úõƷһ¡
ָ˿һֻСϺϺǣմϽ֭Ϻܿ¶顣
Ȼһֻĺ硣
һ٣漴ѸٽʳһԶȵȣϾͺˣ
Ǳʶｫ˵롣
Ͼҹɫܲɫȫûעˣ֮ѡһ߿ؽСϺȫҪͻȻ뵽иˣʱЩ鲻Ըؽ˳ȥҪ𣿡
ǼСϺ⿴˼룬Ϊá
Ծˣܶڡ
߶ţһ룬ȴֺȻס
һ£һ㶼
񣺡
аһã񼸺˲ͱޱ׶ͷ­һٰʮתһδ֮˵˭Դֱʲôײһ£һٰʮת˻
񣺡
ûое֣
Ȼûôá
ֵָһԵ˹ûκǸ⣺˼ҾǸӿеָת˻ȥ
񣺡񾭲ɣӳ󲻳ƨ°
޿̣ȻŴ󣬳ĺҪһխķΧȫѾתɫŨ֧ڰոǰİˣ׶ıһ¶ͼһ
ǵȫѹҽһ£ۺ֮
һ𴽽ǣɰ޸ɽĵڶιۣ񡣡
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38 
ĵڵǴţݸġ
浱޸ɽĵڶιûʶۺ֮Ǹͷӣͷޱ, ߰˳ߣƽʱϲ¾Ǹݵϸ߸ϵķԸˡ
ǰһû¶ðͷӸʲô
Ĺϳ˸Ц, ˫ֵָ׺Ȼʼޱ䳤, ָ̧֣⧲仮˵, ΪҪѪʱ򣬷޳ָס
һһǲɵ
Ǹ, ǸûоģĹ, ֻҪ룬ַӿԽɿ
ôҲôˣ󴦵Ĺʼͣ, òӣ˵Ŀơ
Ȼһ룬룬룬ʮӶȥˡ
ڷС
񣺡
ǲе㲻ԣ
ϵЦʧڷָָһ, ׾ָǵΪָԺ, װڳ˸˵ɫ죬δü, ҲӴĺǰ˵ϱŷ
屻׸ǵʱ, Ѿڿ޵Ľаְˡ
Ӻ, ǵصĺӳȵ˷ջȴۼԽ˵ļǱŷʱ, ӵĹҲֻڳһطͺһ͸ӽ¥ݺ෿ĴŶ, Ư
ֲ붼û
аݡ
ǰ̤һ, һ˫ڵһ
Ȼʲôû˵Ǽ򵥵һȴ͸¶Լ޾ĳ
ʲôóģ
Ǽˣܱ̫棬ȥѷǧ꣬ѧˣһССĶײʶǰ˱Լǿϲ٣ȻҪ֪Ѷˣ
һ˶Լеɱ⣬Ҫ군
İõ˵Լ
ֹʱ򣬷Ҳעû뵽ڵظļ֮УΪڶ޸ɽ۵񲢲һɿĹܳפ޸ɽʱظ췭ظץһöԷԼԡ
һ죬˵ԼѾҵһԵĶҪ뿪ظȥҶԷˡ
֮޸ɽѡĵػߣҲż
ظЩʶϹŶǶ˵û˼ң͸͸ģ޸ɽеˡ
ԭΪҲˣȴط
ˡϲ
˵ü΢΢һŶ¶ֲ޵뵽ҹɫԼ̨ĴţЦЦʣ̨ģ
񵱼һͦȻ
ŶһȻλǰιƺҲûлŵıҪˡָ϶ֱۣͻأϢͻȻ֣е㴭
ѹûףö˶˵ķôҪأ
ۿɼԴתӣۼĨγɵĵѾԼĶͷԺƺа׹һɺٿصԲȵȣ
ô
񣺡˵ҷ˳̨ҵܣҿʲôû
ԭΪҪȴû뵽Ļôһ䵭ζſٱмֺܵľȣظһ飺˵㷢˳̨ҵĶ£Ȼָţ
»ٸ뿪̨ƼҲ˳Ļ档ΪԻؼٶȺ͸ٵƨɺͷһ߾Ųһ֣ʱԵúܾȣʣôҲˣ
û˵ֻһ䣺ȻǷ𣿡
ĵôˣֲǷˣǷµĴ󹦳
ô룬Ҳˡ
ȻһʶԼĲžڣ·Ҫ佱ȴޱȵ͵
Դ˿Է⣬Դһηתڷɢ֮ǰش𣺡ȻأѲɻҪǲŵĻȥһֻùʱǺù
ֱֵ̫׳ڶϢȻŨδѬŨĺ׵ָɢֹǽϣԼؿȥУ顣

Ŀŷ뿪ûаһƨڵϣ۾һתƳڷŵʳͻȻЩƺҲûôóˡ
ֻ֮ǰϢ
Ǹ֪˷ʶ޺ϣﲻкŨ ص
룺[Ǳ鷳ˣ]
ӵʱûлظֵ[ͷһһƿҪ͵]
񣺡
Ҳס
һղǸԳۺ֮ļһɱ⣬һŲˡ
ʵڲô˵롣Ҫ֪ǧǰҲ޵ֵ֣³ԿҲˣû뵽һͨļһȻҲô
ˡ
ͷԴָֻĻϴ˼£[ûʲô˰ҵСϺˣе]
̧¥ȥӰһ٣ֻĻ[˻]
[ʲô˼ֱŪҵСϺҾҪɱĹ𣿣]
룺[ǻ⣬СϺģҵ˺ţ]
[ûУ]
õ񶨵Ļشذֻ
УֻҪǻǮľС
ڷ˿ȥĴԵʮְٵƨɺͷ˺ܾãʵ̫ˣȥ͸⿴ֻ·Ĺ뵽ҽܣԵô
ʮӺȷڵ֪
ԭظۺ֮ѻˡ
û뵽ͷӾȻҲĹˣ
Цˣ
ЦúܴתáȴȻаСʱҪ°ˣһνƿľ͵һٺϴ󲿷˶Ѿȵӷ죬ֱۺҴ֮˵ļ򣬴ͷشţƤ
һȣһֱƣδ¶Ƶĳª̬ĻǸرĴڡ
ûпעҲӸĵЩݣ
ٽǸ˧ô󰡣ѾǵǰڨСˣ֮ǰ˺ŮȻ˳˧ǳҪûģҪûеģֱһٸƵģҿҪˣ
ڣλе˧һԡ
岻֪ʲôʱժǸ˿߿۾ԭȵ˹ȣԵøʵڰ̨ϣǺЦݣʹԱǻаСʱ°࣬ǲǸÿʼһºҽѵˣ
˵ƺ̬ȲãЦúΣԭҵͱˣֻĺϲϣСʱԺһظ
һĿȫ̵ĸ𾪼ˣıӰٿźÿеֵ̾ͻȻҲǺˣ˧ôˣһ˴ڨôˣ׷ˣǰɣ룿
˵󼸸֣뼷˼۾һЦ
ȴûͨ˱٩ɬֻüʵʶ𣿡
ôȤ 㰥ѽһȤԼԺ㻹ɶѽҪʵںĻҰʡ
õ϶Ļش𣬸ŤͷͳֻһСȺ﷢˻֡
Ӻ󣬸˻˻˻ľ̾Ļһ䡰ܳ
ƫͷȥû˿̵ķӦ
Ѿ˹Ѹ˵ˣǻϵĴү֪õĴҾ֮߰ĹƶǼҵĲƷҸ߶˺ͨ¢˹ڵгֵܡ
Ȼ˫ס֣һŴ󺺵ȴɰգ۾ҪǷ˿ǧҪҹɫ򹤵ʱ򣬻иѽ㡣
Ĭһջѡش϶Էû룺˼ȷʵûнѵĴ㡣
㰥ѽһûнѵĴ㣬̸ĴҲ԰
ѣҲû̸Ĵ㡣
οҲϲֳġ
ֻ˵ˡ
˵ĸھϲ֮󣬷·ӭ汻һװ˱ˮ˲͸ˡ
ָп
˱˹Ȼǻˣڿѡ棬ĺԵ
Сʱʱһζ͸ͬеһƷ·ϸ㱻˺סһߡƿ߽ʱѾԼ˽ͨͨİ׳ͺɫ㽫ĳе޳ݣ΢΢ͷƹ΢ͷϣִӰС
㿴׵ǰһĪֿڸĸо
ԼԴߵԡװ·СӰĸӣһߴ·һ߶ſڵأûĴүȻġ
̴¶˲ÿɷı顣
㲻ƳЦݣȻֵֹֹ뷨벻ڵŻɣ
ϸһǡ
ֻܾһ仰飬ȴҪôӻĿҪôһ䡰ϰʱ䲻̸°顱룬ԾҲ֪æʲôƽʱӰɵĴҲ˺ܶ࣬ȺԱۿɼؿʼ㡣
ʱҲ٣ôԻȴô̸ֱ°
·˽⵽ʲôܵĸʱǴĿֱ롣
뿴ˣȴû˵ʲôֻкֻ뿪Ϣһ̧۾Ϳ˿һǽڵȴĻ塣Ҳֱ̻ɫװֻһɢĳ͸ƹ·֮ܿѪҺ
鵭ջĿ⣬ڻ֮ǰ˿ڣǻȥˣҪİæ𣿡
һЦˡ
ıϿһ˵ˣԶûкҪôãǵôˣ
˵ͻѾ뿪ҹɫţļȥ
ʼһȴҲòԶƺûҪѹ㴹ಽԼŵӰӣʣǴһؼң
ʼ򣺡Ļ
֪ĴѾ˺ԶһС·ڣֱӣǰҲ඼·ƽʱؼҵķӦұߣɴ˿ȴվԭأĿӿڵ·¡ĻվЦӯӯĵʵϣÿؼҡϾֳɫˣҹһ˻ؼһǺΣյġ
أ
ңҵȻǵʹߡ
˵º˵ʹĸֵʱɤﻹżЦ⡣
ƽĶĶŵʵ˵ĺøС
ֻȴ롣
ҵ˼ǡͬЦӭֻЦԵˡ
ָǽڣ賿Сϣ¸ʱ̣Χбİ𣬰ָĻζڵҹڻƵ·¹һĺۼ
벹ʣδ˵ڵĻһԻؼҵ˵ʲôأ
߻¶ļϣΪʣǹһҪپŻ̹ȻԼݣǷҪȥ±˵Ƥ׵ԼϣԼαװˣ
һ£ϵЦѾʧ
ûһ˫ȴס롣
ΣָԼţһ˲·ʲôֵ
÷ĵӸƤ⣬ųʵѪ°׹ǲŻе
ǰһر㡣
ͷ­һѷ죬ͷǴ˫֡
ޱ޳ָСϵƤһ弸ΪһƤһ̷˺һƤҶקõǡקʵϹļΪԵʮСģƤ֮Ƥ۵ŵһߡ
Щ£̧ͷ롣
ȥĶŵƤӣǰľֻһ߼򵥵üӡ
ü̬޳û۾ֻڵġնѡ뻹ܸоڡעӡԼ
ſ˫ۣ޳ֱ۷յһȵȫչԺɳƵ룺ôĻ滹𣿡
ûش𣬱ԹԵؼˣ֪ʵ̫ϲƤҡ㰫һ㣬Ҳûôã泣оֱ壬͸
Ϳңʵ
ȴҡҡͷǵǣʵϾҺϲƤңúܿġǺϣڼԺɻѡƺ̫ж
ǳǸɥƷ֮⣬ϲˡ
ɥƷ
ĸһ־Ǵĳ񾭣˵ظרɥƷϰôһ룬ҲϾ׿Ĳ̸൱ɫССܵĻƽͿͷϵƽֵˡ
۹ܲ佱
ЦһȻֻǺܿϧҶԾֻίί㡣
㵱Ȼ˼Һôˣһ㶯ˣⲻ·
ڵ·ĸɿϡ
üʱѾȲسˡ
ǵصͬǰĵмʱȴͻأһתı䷽λͷ¡
Ȼ
ֻĺϲ壬ϲ֪ͨˣҲ⹥һ˿һ˺ۺ覴á
ζЦһ
ۼһ͵ĵоҪ̽ףȴûжܵĶοһ޳ָ˹ϸĲӣصһݺݰǽϡ
޴ǽϵķмصڹϡ
ЧȴǣƵĹʹƺߡĺǱǯţͷɤ졣ںͬʱ߷ȥֻ֡
æƵʱĵ̾˫ֱּĶͣƯ˺޲ժ׽ȥ
ʱޱȿ˫֡
Ըܵ΢ȴϸļָܵȴıԵ
㡪
ѵؼһ֣˫նﻺŨѪ봽ߡͰ׹͵塣ҧȫȫۼ޳ֱۡĺâ֮󣬹ָָѸٱüһĺ׺ͼιǶȥ
һ뿪Ƹ
Ƥ˾ˣһ㶼ϡ
ȻָǼĺʱȴԲǹɰѹӵȻ˳ʵ֫
أ
أ
գʱ䣬ӹµĵطӯӯ׹⣬գۣ̻š
ը֫γɵϸĩڵϣ˰ǽµмδƽϢķоߴ֮⡣
뻹վɸ޴绰޷ͷ鼱ææϵʱĪԼڸ˲ƨɵĸоȻָоڿǸŵǽǣ°źϺϻڶԴʱﵽ۷塣
⡪
ʵǲ˼վһ࣬¶Ǹɫղ˵㣬ֻʣһԴˣûʲôͺˣֻèڵøϽȥͽˣ𣿡
ޣС
ǲڻƤԼͷ­벢뿪ӵʱЩѾĵõĻ̲ס˳Ȼеðһһ£ʲôǹ
ע⵽뿴Ҳ֪ôľȻе飬ֻܲһ䣺㿴ȥ̫ˡ
ǹҲ볯۾ʵ֪Ļˡ
ˣ
֣΢΢һ

֮ص˼ңǵﻹһֻ໴С׻ҹɫϰʱǰ˸Сȥ˼⡣
۴пƺǼˡ
ƿŴ򿪵ƣС׻ѾɵغſڵλãǰĴȣؽ
С׻۴ǰȫˣ໽˰ҲûкηӦڵϴ̶̵֫ŬرסԼĶӣҪ룬Ӷˡ
뿴úЦȥϴɾ⣬ֽгƵιС׻
ڼյ޵Ϣ
ޣ[֮ǰΪǸ˵Ҫ飬ҴĵǼڲǣҶһ£Ϊֻ̫һ룬һѯʵ칷]
˼һʵ[ϵԷиѼһֻ칷̡]
ޣ[Ҷϵһ¡]
룺[á]
ޣ[м㣬֮ǰȥǵˣһֻʣһֻˮ롣]
ֺֻһ١
濴飬͸¶˼⡣
ֶ޾ñǸ˵Ǿ仰֮ǰԭΪһĻ뻹ţδ뵽Ȼʶ޵˰̡򱡴ǧ˼С׻Ҫʳҧָʱ˻
С׻Դ֣[Ǹ]
ޣ[ûϵҵһ˽ģõģһֱܸлΪŬ]
ָĻֻ̧һʱҲ֪λظޡ˵ǸлʵȴӦøлޡ
룬ӦҸʱȥ˽һһ嵽׷ʲô顣
ֻŵһߣ뽫ιС׻С׻Ե㣬һֱصؽУֱȲצӡ˳ԲĹĵĶӣͻǲιˡ
ιС黹ʺ
ţС׻ɳϵһţ˯
ڶǱѵġ
۾ʱǰһƬڣ룬ֽ̧ſԼ˯С׻С׻˯ֻιȥƵģһ㷴ӦûС
뽫緹ŵʰһͿҡҡλεߵǰһԴȥ
꣬С׻ļʱ˵
е㵣ֻС׻ȥ
ۼҪȥϰˣԭأС׻˻ڶԷ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ¿ȥ
ȥҹɫϰ࣬һȲͻôˡ
˵ɱңҴӺŻؼҵʱ򣬿أ˵ӰҲͦġ
ֻ޹գ۾Ҹ˵ˣʺϽѡ
㰡һ
һ򵥵ִųβеźͿϧ㵹Ҳ˻ǮҪǰ˵ôôãֻΪһͨˣΪѣû廹ģһҲͦ䡣
û뵽ˡ
϶˺üۣȷ̸ʱ¶ź飬ڳװˡ
һʱ䣬ҹɫƽ
ڼһҹɫҹɫеİ䣬ȥ͹һξƣص̨ԺͶϰҲǰ쳤̨Ǽŵòᰡǰҹɫȥæ;Ƶʱ򣬰һѵˣүɫֻûɽȻһɳϺȾƣ治˼顣
Լ䡣
ղûע⵽̨п˴򷭵ľգ䲻ȾŨľ㡣ŨҰľʱƺҪһ㣬ҪѬ⡣
ӸнӹֽЩĵ룬ڵҪǻ֣δе̫ˡ
˳תͷеֽͰʱ򣬺Ȼ˴һղݣϵļ̳ˣҴүʧˣ
΢΢һ١
ƫͷȥ㣬ǳȻؽֻݵǰ
ǸСţдżҾߴҫĶӻǰһʧˣҫýɷʱʮ꣬볡ʱǲĵأ֪˶Ĵ
⸱ģѾ֪Ѿˡ
ʧȥһӣһĶӵĻҫŻġ
еľ岻ȻôһϢӶûת㶵ض룬Ϊ˼ؿڣ룬岻Ϊܾˣһʱ벻˷ܳȥ˰ɣ
Ҳûܣ૵Ͼô㣬ֳôÿɾûˡ
ȡ
һԴһѹֵĿԡ
͸ͬʱŤͷȥֻλã˳ָžƱ
̧Ŀֱ˫ۣڶԷԾȵıüȻߺڵתһȦͷ޳ɣȷʵ
*


39 
ûҹɫ, û뵽Ǻ޸ݵĲ²⾹ȻԷ˸š
˶ԷζĿ϶
ڵƹµİ벻ɫ࣬÷Ŀ⿴۸, תͷԷû顣
û˵
һԵĸڼ֮Եúܺ档
ղſʱ÷ò˧, ˧úе졣ϸһԼɵˡ
ƽҳѷɫĳ, ˵ظרɥƷķϰ壬Ҳˡ
, , ȫƽ򳤵ÿ˳ͬһطȻøҹɫԵĸо
Է棺ϰҲҹɫȾưǰû㰡, ôҲ֣
ĳ
ƽ򿪵ҲжˣԴӵظרɥƷԺĿ˲٣Χ̵̼ż̸˵صġ˵ԸЩͬƽʱ̫ϲΧھھǸ֪Ҳ֪ġ
ǳ˵ϰǸƢ, ÿ쵽ʱ俪, ʱص꣬ʱͶڵ, ûʲôֻ
ֶ, ˵һҲ, ӿ϶á
ھưȾƵ˭
ʵϷԾưɵȷûʲôȤġ˼, ׼뿪ҹɫʱ, ȴ⿴롣λӵиƵսͬ־̲, ҹɫְ˿ۡ
ע⵽ʱںһȾƺȶ˵Ŀ˵Ҫˣ㽫˵ݵϣ¶Էͷ˵ϸؿ˶Է˼ƿƣ˶Ǯ˷ҪָԼϵĿƿܣҽ϶ȵ˲ֹƿôŸƿǮ
˵ʱ˻ҡҡλεģɴ۾㿴ܳȻʮƿ
룺
ûһֿܣΪȶˣǰӰһƿƿˣ
ֻ֮һַֻſˣһֻ˼˱Ŀձ˶Էšһ໽еľһ˲Ҳʶֻƿ
һ߸Ǯһֹ߰ʲôһΪҾƿ
΢ЦϻС顣
ڰ˵ĶԻ뻥˸ţЩȡ
Ͼ뷨УôߵķԱԿ˵´ܲƿ
쾹ȻȰ˼ٺȾơ
ÿҹɫϰ岻Ѫ
Ҳ֪ôģĪ͵͵ķԱ˱ڰ̨ĽȾƣֲ͸ĶԻ
ǵ٩Ҳȫ˵ǵ٩
λüġİˡǺ͵ģϾұظ͹Ҳûҳĸÿ˼䣬Ҳûĸ˳ÿ˵ǵһҲΨһһ
Բһ¸˵ģǸлеĸ׽ܾ
ǳȻȻش˸ԼסĹܾĻӦǻѹȥҸط˰ɣ
ϾôĹڲˡ
ǿźһӵ顣
ԽԽеȫȻԼ˼УǽҲδ
ֱĳŽɵԶ˼ק˻ع񣬽Ʊŵһߣ˸ɣһ¶ѡ
⻰ͷ˵ѹɴˣϰ˵ѹҲܴɣ
üۣԵЩģС
ûԵú磬ǡп̨˱ƵľƣԴϽȥˡ룬ڸ˵˾ʲôӺһ͵˷ǰ̧ͷڻ谵ƹ¶˫ǳǳһЦȡ
Ц÷ͻȻ뵽
ҺȾƣ
л񡣡޳ָ˵΢΢аɫľƱЦ˵ⱭƺܺúȣԳ
˵⻰뿪ˡ
ҹɫĿ˱ǰֶ˵㣬ȻԾûжԱǵʱȻ˺ܶࡣմӷ뿪ȥһߵĽ;ƣڼ仹һкסӣк¶ЦݣСʣ磬ܲҪϵʽ
볯ЦЦ
ǰԹʱĿ⣬˿̶˼ֱף˼
кֻźذһ۰Ͱ͵ؿ뿪
кͬеļ˼״æѽٱİθĴ˧磬ÿܾûһҲаʮˣôһ㱻ܾǲǾûôѹˣ
к޳ʲôο
ǱԹǻӺǳǳУ̲סЦһ¡Ȼк޸Уеȷʵɰġõػص̨սϵ̷£ͼƹһơ
ôˣ
뿴žƱ߽űľĵƺһۿȥںװһ͵ĺƬٺңԶĺ󽻽ӣٺ֮һĨɫ𽥱ǳ˳ϰĵɫˡ
ոҪͣҺСİѿǱˡ

뻺̧ۣƯڱʯһװǳǳɻʼӸӹȥľƣҲడ
·ǲµ뷨һ˼汾ҪⱭӵǳ֭˵Ǳ˸ľơ
ⷬ򱡴Ȼһ˫תȥɳϵˡ
ڰɽֻ֣΢ĵƹǰϣԼճ޳뿴ȥʱܽı鿴úô˿̵ķǿıأֻ¶˵ϸ΢ı߽ǣΧ󱦵˴
еԼὫǱء
Ӱ̨һƹȥߵɳ괹޳׵ָļº͵żֲ̫Ե̽㻹𣿡
ղ߹ʱʱһ䣺ǲǧϾƹһ֪ˡ˵ҼǺһҪ˳㿴ϰû
ûкúдˡ
ָϵĵT֮ԭžƱֺȻɿգʱԽǰסݵ󡣴ָϸļʱǲ֪Լȴ֮ĸ˶һһɵǣٿȻ
⧲뱻˸š
صһ´ɳԽɳҽ˷Ļ
ʶԼȻڷϣ˫ֹס¶ЩȻԼһ˵ϣĿǷȻôװ˺ûʲôΪ
ɡ
ü
˼˲䣬ڷġİ䵭ϢȻԭ봹Դ˴˿ѾĴ˹һֻ󹷹ƵĽǼ޳Ĳ䣬ͦıѹǼ˲䣬ɳƵͳɤҲȾ˾㣬˶е⣺㡣
ôֵˮζһַûŵģȴԷַӹĵζ
ζѪҺںϵһ˲䣬񫡣
ԭѹûⳡ֮¹ʵ£ɴ˿˵ʱҲʶԡƵû볣ĳª̬ҲûϢֻ䵭ĵĺ䣬ͬͦ˲
ȫ޷ǻ赲ѪﱼӿѪҺһ˲䣬о֫ٺܶȾ
Ķû˭ô׽
Ψһſӵģ˴Щ̣
벻ȻʺƫƫҲһĶ˷ĪȤ˵ָ֪ʱѾ˺ϣָȥһֺ̣ŵϢȫ֣ٿصɴ۾
Ĵдһ֡
ܳڸʲô
˿˵ĸ㿴ʱע⵽þû벻Ƿϰĺ˰ɣĻʦҪһΣǲǻһѾƲȥ
Ѿ׼ѾƲĸĹ̨Ҫһ䡰ϰôһȴڲôĵƹ¿ƺһӰӡ
ºɣǰһȵ׽뿨ҰͱǰһĻŵô󺰳
ǹɺŵϢ˼һ˲ѹƫͷѾĿɿڴĸ㣬ǻһ飬ż޿˵Ǹ⣬𣿡
һǲǾЦ˼ı顣
ָŷĴȣôӷϰٽƱ硣
룺
Ҳǡ
̧ƿһֱԴͬ⧲һƿ˷ֻԷһ֮ƺӦ˲Ծһֱָòվ뿪ȴڷС
һĻ㶶˶üëýƱˡ
룺ʵҾûǿԡ
û˵ֲϴһķӦٶ㹻죬ضҪղһҽĻĴȣһģ
Ȼվԭز϶ǱʹҲûܽק˺еżˣܲǹݵζ鼱֮¸һק
Щɵؿͷ֣ȷʣҸղǲǵһ
벻ɫԭûС
ǿе㲻̫ʵ

һֱʮӺͷ֮ĶҲûκθı䣬Ƶ˸ִ֣קǲֻ֣֮»صߣ¡ϵϢ¿ԭŵķͻȻ֮䱻˸ƽ
û֣ܲҵеۡ
ڵ۾ӣ׹ޱߺڰ֮ǰ˵ıǼٴѹ˹߬ŵָҲɿ
ڵȵһ̣վȾߡ
һһֻקס½ǡ
ܵͷȥһζ˫ڵ۾ֻ֮䣬˿˫װ˼ֿߡ
վһԶˣǰɣϰİӦ۲ۣҪ㰡
ղʮǰǰһ飬˿̵Ҳûʲô˵Ĺϵ
ڿε޿ıʱѿڶ㡯֡
ʣôң
㣺⻹򵥣
ѧʼӣߵ˷̧Ҫļ벻˵ʼ˷ļԱקģҲģһҲקⲻͰɿ
ҪǷٱŵĻȥ۴Ǽһһϰܹѵһ̡
ڸЦӯӯؽĵļ֮ǰԭڿķŤͷ˫ڵ۾ô˸㣬㱻һ飬ϰȻ˧ޱӾȻеֲ
ԼĴϾղŷǰھӴүĹû
ٶȿ˷
һηڿˡ
ޱģ΢һԡ
㣺
ģզأ
һ־ߣߵǰҪû飬ҰԴժǵߣ
룺
εЩ͵üģѡøæһʷˮߣȻ벻ţˣһԶˮŵУû㡣
ô뿴ĺЦ
㣺ɲ㿴ղǸ̬ȣҶһצˣܻҵָšϡ
áӦòڰɣ
ƢǲģΪȶˣǴİˣϢȽУҲмų⡣
㲻ིΪÿһԼӡ
ӻ֣ʾԷϽ飬ԸԱ
ͷڰصɳϣڷչȥһ̣ˮĴеıʷˮζǼ⣬ǺܺŵζȴɲܸƽĽꡣ
ιˮˮԼԼ˼ֶԺذˡ
ͣķȥʵЩɡ
ָĶ䣬ϵ¶ȱָƺҪһ㡣룬ôˣûкһ㣿
á
룺һˣ
ֲˡ
ȻǺѣΨһֵҵǣʱţֻקס·ڻɿо½ǳ״ʱ͵һ
Ѹ뿪
һ붼ûж
ſڰ̨ЦӦ·ˤƵģ˼Ҷ㡣
ˤа취һзǿҪˡƫƫСĹġ
Ѿȴʱʱ̶̿ŷԷƺеҪ˯˼ȥҽԼСë̺˳ڷϣΪɷףԼúչ˶Է
ߵλƫƧһûʲô˹
͸һһ߹żڳȥϰʱ侹ȻҲܿȥˡȵ°࣬͸㻻ƷѾ׼뿪ǰǲĵһ䣺ҪȷϰѰ
Ѿ˳ˣҰͻȥ
㣺СҪæ𣿡
Ҫæĸָոմĳҡҡͷˣҿɲ뱻ϰ۶֡Ǿ룬ˣ
ã
˸㣬תصɣյֻʣ½ŵˣ뽫ʣ㻹𣿡
ʵǰһء
ƮƮģƤֳصȫһƬԹ絮ڣʱĹʳϻ۸òɢҲûصĸܡ
ֻоһֱֻϣּĴĳһȫǹеĸܣҪ۾ȥֵˣȴһʧڶԷº͵ɤ¡
е졣
ȴôҲ벻
֪뷨뽫˳⳵ĺ˾һۣ̲סüɲҳϰ
볯ǸЦЦģȻˣܹԵġ
˾߶߶䣬˼ı֤ã³ˣǻǮϴӦӦˡ
ǼԼǰĿ÷ܹԣ¡
ﻰԷҪЦ
˶вˣ˵һ䡮һԡļһҲйԣ
ʵǷûй룬ڻصɥƷһ·϶Եʮְֻż᲻Ȼų⳵ɲײļ򡣼˯УᵽϵϢҲ鲻ԽȥȻԴļϲ϶ˡ
뱾ƿؼ֮վȥ
ҹɫɥƷһ㶼ԶûӾͰ͵ˡ˿̵ɥƷŽգŷ˼ã֪ɥƷ껹һλԱģֻǲ֪ʱ˿ʲô
ɥƷĴš
ڵ˼Ժ˴ﴫϸ΢졣
ડ
Ŵ򿪣ɬ۾ƿţﻹŵ˯⣬ʣ˭ѽ
һڿŵʱȴȻʧ
ղݣ
ŵ˭ϴɣ
ص۾һ󣬲аǰָҪ̧˵°ͿԷȻϤ𣺡ӡ
һִֻڰա
ϴ󽫴尤ϣٿסϴ첲֣һԼ
ġ
ȻǸС
Ѿϰ˷ıӦûиôűмֹڨڨЦЦϽŴ򿪵øࣺ˼鷳ˡϴǡҹɫȥȾˣ
ͷ
ĵò˼顣
Ͽϴ͵͵ȥҹѾúˣû뵽ȥһ˾ͳ񫣬ڶȥˡһ˸
ü뽫ϣվںͳֻĳһƽʱҹ겢Դ֮ԱǵͻȻȥҹô£
ҳתһ
Ŀɿڴضĸ֣һ顣
ܡˣ
ؿʼϸϸʱ䣬ôһϴı仯ͦģ֮ǰĪƬ֪Ȼ󾭳̲裬ȻҹꡣƬûˣѵìˣ
߰뷨صԺ㼯˵ĿĴ
ôһ˲䣬Ŀۺͬ顣
뽫ٺãϢ˵ϰ룬ͷأЩǸĵ˵黹ĲãȻֻһƣʱΪһЩô˾ƣ·
أǱİ
࡯֣ò̫ʣҲû෴ֻǼҪ鷳ˡ
ؼֱܲôòˡ
ǵĴ֣ûʲôأڷߣ˷ǹƢһ룬ֱܳϽڰ֣ЦеⶼӦģ˵鷳ˣȥɡ
á

賿ĵġ
۾ʱԺлǻججһƬڴϻ˼룬̵ػԼȥҹɫȻһƣȻ󡭡
Ȼʲô
ǲǱһƸ൹ˣ
ı˲ø֡
ϰ˵㣬شŹǷƿԼҵţЬϾɵĸ¥ذϣᷢ֨ѽ֨ѽȽģлǹ˵ķ׼ǰҿôˡ
ȵƿţŷͷտյġ
һ˵ĴѣϽ쳤ػؿ飬ſ¿ʱ˿ɳ֧°ʹ˼ˡ
ŵûˣ˫ֳϷһԾ£ߵԵɳ£٩Ƶĵϴû뵽㻹ѵͦ磬һΪ㻹˯أ㱻ʱ˯øɰˡ
һ⼸ջǱظ˻ȥ
ڷѾ˼ĸСʱȻûлϺȾԺ󵽵׷ʲôصڶ̧ۣһһֵ˵Ǳģ
԰˼治ǱǼ߿佱ˣˡضϴǲʲôҲǵˣ
ţ֪ʲôҽ
û뵽ϴԸȻôͳԼƲ¶ë룬Ե˵˵˵ǱƲСôˣƾŨȱȽϸߣˣ˼˵ʱɲ˼ˡҲûʲôˣϴ˼Ͷ̬ȣ˫꣡
̬ȣ
˫ꣿ
˵üһۣ¶˼ı飺Ҷ̬Ⱥܲ
أ
ضȻôһ䣬ûӦ
˵Ͷ̬ȰɣڷȴԼܲȵȣѲϴǾƽʱ̬Ⱥܺ
أ
ޱ飺̬̫ˣֻǶ̬Ȳã˵ӡ
Ŷ
Ҳ֪ǲصĴϴðǸŶֵʱƺһ
ΪʶԼ̬ûԼеôһ
һԼϰ߾ͺá
֪ȫȻɣִſʼ⣬ŵӭһλ˵ʱ̬ȸǺõò˼飬˼Ҵ˸ۣ
ظŷôãֻ˴ۣ˴ԼǰۣһСʱǿġ
ذ˹ˡ
һ죬ִﶥڵĵʮ
ʱڲ棬һ߲һʷ׼ʲôѰ˼źþûĲ˵ƯƿˣȻеʱɥƷſڳһ޳Ӱ
վſڣòôţӭϷ˫۾¶ЦݣŵĿڴ𣺡ãǸ
ĳָ̲裬Ƿ۵ɫڲݮĺڱڹۼ
粽߽ɥƷ꣬º͵ڷϣЦЦĺܱǸΪҵʧ̲裬һЩˮ֮ģϣ¡
Ǳ̲衣
ӹ֮һڣڵŴߴߴԼ㣬ڸ߷
˺ܾõĲݮ󸣡
Ȼĺúȡ
*


40 
뷨ͬõص޳ɡ
ر̲Ժ, ŴߴߴȻβһȻƺ־ò, Ͻڡ
۾, Ŀװ˾̾룬̲ԱҲиߵ͵İ, Ҿı˵ĺóһ㣡ǰҺϴȥǵ̲裬ζһء
ʵĿЦЦ, ͵ʱĿҲһϵ
˶, üˣζͻ½
ض˼òԭֻ, Ҳûٶ˵½һ̲裬תȥ˱裬ϴ˼ˮػһϸྡ
ֺܲһʣؾħƵ, һۿȥø, ۿȥø˵ϴȫ, ϴèӹġ
, ƽʱݹ۲۰ҿҹɫϰ, õһ°ɡ
ʵá۾
Ŷһһû˵ʵôܲ, һ쵽ڹ, ˯˯˼СʱֹҪǵйͺ, нǵ껹С

ôһᣬͻȻԼļμ棬ݸһƬвй
ʱôģ
иԱֱѪ
ȻǰλҲǴࡣ
ڡʵҲá
ֻǺеˡ
ɫӣת˻⡣
˵컹гȻû˵ʲôȫҲַɳϣżæ裬ܵ˵Ǻòġòת۾ͰѶԷԺڵضԸѿڶġӡԺ
ңԾɥƷѾ˺ܳʱ䣬ȥԸϰ࣬ˡ
۰Ͱ͵ؿԺȥ̲̲꣬𣿡
۾Ȼԡ
طˣڳվӭغ΢Ŀ⣬һ㡣
˵鷳Ȼ߲ˣ޳ıӰܿӴſתȥһʱŬʰϵҲû⡣
Žֱߵ·ߣƫͷԵˣԶλãſ䵭ģ˫Ŀǰĺ·ô˼ӣԺͻȻܳҹɫĻ棬ԼʱĴкϢûϢغ˶
롣
߶Ȼק̧ͷ
״Ʋɫʵ΢΢̽ûиʲô鷳
˵ܰǲȷ
ڡ
ڿҡͷն˵ûСԺһ
ǻУûжˡ

ȻǴ˴̽˼ȴɹԹԽ͵ҹɫ
ɫ磬ûȥ񣬱ҹɫſں˵ټۼ˵ıӰҰһŤͷͶһī
۴չǺ棺룬𣿡
۴˺ܾãȻҲˡʶһԱŮӣͬ㣬ÿ°඼ѽ͡ΪһŵıôīԴһת濴źŲߣʵֱ׳ؽĻ˸һ
۴ﵹҲûĽǿᡣ
ںҲҹɫϰˣСڲÿ춼룬Ҳڲٿˡ
ǣԺòҪɣ
۴īµӶɳˡ
Ҳ֪۴ıôֵֹģֻʵʵ˵ǣһѡ
۴ﵱһ
ǻá
˼䣬۴Сè˼ƬԼƵСèɳϻģģӦüá۴ĵͬʱֲеᣬ̺ԱҲǿԵġ
Ժʱʱ㷢Ƶһչ˺Сèġ
۴һϸְֳļҳͷִߴϽȥ
ڿ͵صҹɫϰˡʱ򣬶Է˳˼򵥵ظ˵Ϊ˵ĵȻֹ
üûҹɫ¹ѪٴοԾ˽¹Ѫֽݸ˸㣬֤¹Ѫƽﲻκ⡣
ȵһߣ̯һƣʱȵŶһ
ôˣʵ
㽫ƹȥ ָһ֣ҲûɶǿˣⲻǶ𣿻ǵòѣǰ㽲顣
ͷ
½קƵģⶡٿ¹ѪƵʵͻüˡ
⻰˵ûãٱһ̤ҹɫߵ˰̨ǰ
һζûдԼκλ飬Ƕһġ
ɵĽſվƿȻһڰ̨ǰʱɵ΢΢һ㶡ʱ䲻ǰ˺ӡеĶټֱԶ
ͷ˵㣬ס˴۾ȴݵ൱
ļһۿ춡ٴ·ǰúͻһͬҹɫǲʱġʱ·ڶҲƲ϶ô˧еġȴȫȻΪڶ̶̼ݵԵ·൱󣬿յģ˷·𱻷һͻƮߡ
Ǹ죬ҹɫѾ˺ü꣬˭˵ϼ仰ղһ٣Ҳһһһ߸ٵݾƣһ߽ŵضŶ٣¶Է۾һվôιȥˡ
˵״̬ʵ̫ˣûס䣺٣岻㿴ȥ̫á
ٳ˳ɫ׵Ĵǲ̫á
ʵֹǲ̫ã൱ĲáԼֻصǶʱ䣬׻ûҵλʦ֮ǰÿ춼Լ߼·۵ùǺؿڷƣڴ˯һ۾Զ
üģ˱ơ
ʱɲҸȾƣһûô죿ҹɫΪ̨ǣֱԺתһֱûӰԾҲżɿۡҪǶ¶ˡԾԼ
ٿһģҲµ˶Է뷨Ը̧̧°ͣҰ¹ѪƿˣҺһ㡣
ݸ֪¹ѪƺеǿĹЧǰپͺϲȨ֮²δܾ٣ת˿ƿ㿪ƵĶСģʮľƿǧ
ƿһ򿪣Ũζ˲佫̨Ϣȫֲȡ֮
ٶƱһڣҺʱ΢΢ȣǸ߶Ȱ׾Ƶ֮Уһַǳĸоܸо¹Ѫƺ֮֫ٺȵů
һĺúȡ
ҲԼ㣬øҿٽվƱƹȥĿԹ̨߽룬ȴĶһ¡
ǰȥ˻ңȥ˻ˡ˵ͻ岢û絽ַϣɻҹɫĵڶŷʧٵģöپùĪ
ǣʧٵǰһϻ롣
ʶΪʧйءɻңҼ˻үӣ˵֮󣬻үȴֻ¶Ǻûϵ̫ܲڰǰҾ;Ҷӱе֡
үӴҲҪһйĶ󣬸˵˺ܶࡣ
ﻰ˼ֻһǰȡ˻ݡ
ٵʱıø죬ֺ֪룬үӵ˼ôʼʶĻ岻Ǹٻ
Ժ˺ܶ뷨
˶˻ҵҵȻû͵͵ɱ˻壬ְԼݳɻģΪҵļ̳ˡ
ϾӾ綼ôݵġ
ԲĻʱ˺ܶ༦Ƥ񣬱һһ֫ǽ˺֮Уһҹ
ƫͷ뿴ۣͨʲôƵģһӵݵǰ԰üհݵ¶Цݣһһ
ô󷽣̳գ۾ƽⱲӶһܺȵʮľƣǰȻܴײײĸ첲Цеضһ¡
ʱҲûʲô飬ͷ
ʵȺȾƣԶٶʱڵı仯Ϊ档
ڰ̨ǰٺؽĿվƱ¹Ѫװ˶ԵܳϽ̧ƱһڣڵĸоľȫᲢ۵ģ¶пı飺¹ѪƵζðҲϽ
á
Ӧ£ıڣһڵҺ崥ϴݣֻһ˲ı΢΢סˡ
ɫؽӸһ۷ȾƵĶѾС뱭
ģٺ͸㶼ȻΪ¹Ѫƺ⡣üҲ¶˵⣺ôʮľƻɣϧˣǲ֪һܺȶá
⻰ſɾмĸԸζ
ǶٵĴڶʱڶԶٵĺøдﵽ˶壬üϽǧô˵Ҽǵöһҹɫʱ򣬿״ҲǺܺã治ںתֻ֤Ҫúõġ
֪̫ˡ
ٻ˻еľƱЦЦҴСͲãҰǮѸҵǿǿ˶ʮꡣҶʮҰһεĵʿǵʿ˵ãٻǶˡ
̲ס죺ⲻѾʮڵĵʿ붼ƭӡ
٣ǿɲһҶʮյʱȷʵ˴⣬һ˯ȥѲҲðɣҰʱһ˾ܸ˸ʦǴʦһѵġ⼸ʦҳҩַߵ¹ѪҲǿã״̬ſŻ㲻
ֻǣʱȵ
һǰٷϵϴʦˡ
λʦŸԶٶʮңһֱΪٿ󲿷ʱʦģֻ˲ʱ䣬ټҩ
ҩЧܶϡ
֮ǰһʱ䣬ΪԼֵֹĲˣҹԼһȺںֲ˼񡣽ҩĵڶ͸оӹƺе㲻̫û£ֻΪԼ̫ˣһʱûע⡣
ȵ죬Ժȥ
Ȼûι㣬ɶһֵԷ˯һ죬ѿԾͷ
Ƚ͵ʦҴҸιҩڶֻˡ
Դ֮󣬶ٵҩϡ
ɾһǰף˶ϵϸʦԷͺͻȻ֮ʧһֻͨȥƽʱסҲһˣܱߵھӣھֻҡҡͷ˵֪
ټҪϵҲʵû취ֻڴϵϢ
ҹɫǸ⡣
Ծ绰ʱͻȻʶڴǰҹɫһƿ¹ѪơȻûҩʱҲ¹Ѫ̲һ壬ŴϹˡ
ôҩ
棬۶ǲ˼顣
Ƕٵı̫ ʵûҪһ¶ǲڽ¡
Ȼһ֪Ǹҩɣͳ̨˵ҩʵҩЧҲҩһ㡣
㣺
ûҩôܴյһᲢۡ
һԵȻҲûף֮Ĭһв֪ʲôʱ˸ӣֻװż򵥵ĴˮʱʱһڣҲƷƵĴ
ע⵽˵ı飬ϵЦݸָ˻Σúǰɣ
һֱ׷Ľҩʵиţǹ10-7
10-7ʼȺүȦӵʱ˭Ҳû£Ϊʱ10-7ֵ˽ΪƷ˵ǳ˶аүǺö٣ֱƷ
Ǹ˴ŸĽ10-8ˡ
˵ǳǿ֮⣬˷ܡ»áڶʱעеá
ĳƷ˴үǵȤڳԹǷֱҪ̫áƷ˺壬ҩǡǡ෴ȤͽˣֱĶ͡
10-8Դ֮ͳ׳Ȧ񻰡
ʦ˵ҩ10-8ǰİ汾ٽ˫ȣһھƣеҩеĽҩҩʵͬһԴ
붼ˡ
пԭνĽҩȻǸöʱ봹ס۵׵⡣
˵˽ҩ飬ָ͸¶˵ȦһЩԣø˶ûдͻأĸ㻳ź˵ȥˣҲĮֻ̇ʣͶ١
ͷ뻰٣˿̻ɫΪǵĻⲻȤҲûٶ˵ʲôֻǶ˼ھơ
öû뵽ǣڼӺºɤ𣺡١
ȻԼ֣ٷ±ӿ˹ȥ볯ЦЦָָ棬˵ûҩԽҩҲﵽһЧ𣿡
û뵽뿪ھôһƲƲ죺ҪͺˡҩҶҩЧҩɲأһҩҪʮŽҩܵЧą̇̄ǳ𣿡
Ǹİ汾ο10-8ԿԸоóصΪүǸĽġ
ǳǳӦһֺڣðһ⣬ʲôԽӴҩҶԽҩܸȤ뿴
٣

һֱҹɫ뿪ٻһ䡰ԽҩܸȤ֮С
һֱº񣬵Ӧûôءο˭֪ҩɿΪʲôʶʶҩ
кܶ̾ڶٵͷûκһõ˽
ͷں˼á
ڶ죬Ϣ˲ȥ̲ꡣ
ʮңͣСſڣٸ˸绰ûһʱ͸ųȴԶͷãȻҫۣСľ࣬ߴҶϣյС
ȻҲϲúÿˣ˿ǹ飬ܿʹųɫջ˼
٣޳ִţˣ
٣ǣô˵ҺڸвףһͻоӲݴҸץһ
ֹֹٷǳؽСĻУĶͲǮˣܻܲشһ顣
ʲô
壬֪֪ȥĶˣ
ٴүӿе֪ϢȫҲû˼ʣֻ
˵֪
汻Ϲèӡ
ϵ룬йػ齻һ£ǶԻү˵ʵ˵үʱҲ飬ȻϢȻҲû̫ȣֻ˵ɫһѿ˺ܶࡣ
գΪҵһʵɣǶ˻ʧٵĽڡ
֮󲻾ãҾͻὫϢų
ָĸʶǸĻ壿ƫͷûԷı飬Ļ屻ˣʶǸץˣҲǶж񱨡
ֻһͨĲĪģٵıٶȴһ⡣
Դͷβʶģ̸ģദĶһ֪˭Ļˣ
ٴ˸䣬ĺ޲˾ȿյ
лл㡣˼ͺ£볯Լ˻СӣҡҡͷãҩܹǽҩȻҲ֪Ҫʲôֻһš
ٺĽ̸ûгܳʱ䣬״̬ǺܲЩ̼۾ۣ˾Ͻؼˡ
źӻص䡣
ʮӺ޺ͽҴææϵСҵƺţ˴šһţ˱ע⵽ֻɳϱıС׻С׻ˣ岻ǰѾֻǿ׳СˣϳԵֺãÿ켸ľ
Ҳȥ
ˣӳ̽ԴָɳԵһ£ǿһ
޺ͽһۣӦһĬĬѾһ˫ɫסǣ׶֮С׻޶С׻˽⣬Ͼְص¼ʵʵڵ𾪼ˡ
׻ɲ֪ͨİɫϻ
İ׻֮ҲԳ֮Ϊ̡
ôһֻСޣ
һ򾴶Զ֮ϽŲŲǿ£ޣ߿ڣ㲻˵ֻôֻ޵̣ӿźС
ޱ鿴ƺ򶨣ˣһֻôˣǺ
Ҳ
С˵ʱϴɾִӳˡ˵֮ǰС׻˵ճ˺صζ벢ϲζϴҺϴ˺ܾòǿζ
ߵǰ׼õĽҩһ¹ѪƷŵ˲輸ϡ
ޣ

򿪺ӣһָֻ׸ǴСҩ裬Ѫɫģֵĺ챻ְ׵ϣɫγ˸۵Ĳ죬뽫ݸޣǫ́ǸкĽҩ
ҩ
߼˲ҩϡõĸϵʽԺȥˣϧǸպţҲˡұȴδ뵽ҩС
뵽ҹɫ򹤣ʱʣôõģҹɫǱߣ
ȥ꣬˸һʱ䣬ҷ˸췭ظҲûҵƵĶ޵
ҹɫһ͵ģҽһЩ顣
ｫٿеҩͽҩ˵һ飬ҩòԼҲϵλʦҷһ
޳ָ˵Ǹһʼ˽ߵıӣҹɫһֱ߼¹Ѫƣ֪λǷ˵ҳһ㣬¹ѪƺͽҩϢе񡣡
㻹ˣ
ˡ൱ؽҩһͷ׼ǣֱʱ˲ŷֽҩһʵѾ˿۵һ֡
ͨղŵĻ׾ܲµ
ȱʧĲֽҩѾĶӡ
ʶһ㣬޺ͽ֪벢ȴ̲סǵضһ䣺 ûоﲻ
ҡҡͷ
еĻû˵
ʵֹûоò¹ѪƺͽҩϢǳϤϤʲôʱӴһ
괹ǰһƣȥɡ
޸һ񣬺СؽǰԼ飬һڵϵ˵Ǽڲ칷Ǻ֣ϵϡֻ칷סʡУѾǱ߷ֲȥϵˡ
лллˣȴűߴչһë׵ͷһŷС׻˳С׻ŽҲûС׻ŵرסĲֻޣֻأϵİ׻𣿡
شǽ룬ȫ³ް׻ֻһֻ
һ㶣ֻʣһֻ𣿡
޵ͷţһֻ׻ڰǰͲˣ̵ֻ治˵
ҿͦõģҪǲĻһֱнǮϵ⣬ʱ
ý˵⻰ʱ϶ûҲǺܸС
Խĺ⣬ЦӦˡ
ֻܿС׻Դصɳ¡
뿿ɳĿ⿴ϣܽҩ¹ѪƶѾߣлֹĸо
ʱһһùȥۼֵǰҹɫϰʱ䣬ȴȻɳվ
ʮӺ޳Ӱڿݴɽ
һ̤ɽбɽµٻɫâݴ֮µĹǷŨĻ㽫ΧĿȾرζ
뵥ַȥŻζů磬Χһпʼı仯
ɽܸߣмͣ޴ƽһ͸Ĺ餣ˣҹֵөǰǰͣڹ֮ϣԵðˡ
ǸĹײġ
Ϊɢ֮䣬⸱ײʵǶһ١
׼ײĵϲĻ飬ǧ¹˪
֮ǰʣȫ˪
Դ¹˪ӵ֮һ
ָ͸餣֮У˫üȾϵȴת֮ʧΡ
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41 
ǧ֮ǰ, λ˾ְ
类أ絮飬λ֮ദĻ𽥼, ÿλ񶼱úæ
¹˪ǧǰڴɽ񵽵һֻ̡¹һ屬ս, ¸ϵʱ¹һֻʣһϢڽµ¹, Լغõ̡
´̣ȴΪСչ˲, ̽λ, ԡ
˭û뵽ǣڸ뿪֮ĵڶ꣬Ŵ塮һˡǰʱ̵ƨɺͷżҪΪ·̹滮ȷ·ߵĻʹ롣
¹̰ȫȫ͵ߵ빦, Դ֮Ҳû뿪¹̡
ȡ֣˪
ǻ飬Ҳǽá
֮˪ڴɽΪ׼һ餣ʼ硣ֱ˯֮ǰ˻йϵ, ˪˼ʶ˺ЩŮ, Ͽ˸µӰӡ
Ѿ𽥸֪, ò˶ͻڻɽ˯, ȻϢ䡣
Ȼ
ʱһζ, ԭΪԼɢ޾ҹս۾һֱε¹˪ȴδ
Žߵ͸, չ֮ʱڶݵ塣԰ջ, ŵķק˻, Χľʼ𽥸ԭ޷ɢܽʬǣïʢĲľԼĻţһػ
뿪ɽ֮ǰŷ˵ͷө棬ģһҵġ
侲ظԾ˸٣߶ԷԼʱе顣ԾĽ䱸Ѿһٽ˶Ҫûκξܾ˼ˡ
ȥ˶١
ȫΪмҵĶӣסڷǳıվڱңӱ˵绰绰ŽӣͨԺеЩ
ٶȽӵĵ绰Եú⡣
򿪴˫۵üģɤʣôˣ
е̶١ܵͣûʲôرէһκβͬڶٵСſڡ
ſڣԵȣ˹㡣
ȼ룬ҲѾҲЬ˳صһԼɳҹںģȻ򿪵ĵƹ⽫һӰȥݡ
Ӷߵǰ£ûԷϿʼӵ΢
ڶԣһö24ˣǿ¹Ѫ֮ãνҩȱЧǧ֮Ľҩ¹Ѫȫ޷Ե
ʲô鰡Ӷ֣ʾԷдˡ
û˷ʱ䣬֪λҩĸʦ
Ϊ⡣
Ȼ¶ε飺Ҳ㽲ԼҲϵʦһ𣿡
뵱Ȼ֪ǾԸλʦס֮Ϣ𣿡
ס
ܿһַ
õַ뿪ıӰ˰죬ûܲµҪʲô
Ҷλ˶һĸʦǳ𾴣סΪʦ׼ġΪʦϲ֣صظԷһıһЩϼı۸񰺹һ׵λ΢һЩǧ
סĶǮˡ
ٶȺܿ죬Ҳ׺ϢشӻƵ·´жڻ̳ͷ졣
17ǸƭǲǺþûˣ
17Ϲͷô£˵ٱǿǴʦʲôƭӣҲ±λʦʱⶼù
ΪͷͷһҶʲôϵʲôùҿմƭӵ˲ŵù
һΡ
ͷʲôΣͷûϹ˵ ǰһǸлʲôСӣǹںļҾ߼ţϵǸ̳˰ҵʱ17߳ôţû֮ű˵һʧˡʧٸƨҶ˵ûˡ˵ƭǲ񣡻ʦţ
͹ͷͷȻû˵飬һ£ļٵİҶƽʱ¶ǸʦǴʦЧʿɸˡ
ɵСĵˡ
ͷߴߴļ̸νĸʦ߹һ·ǰ1717ſڵƹ⳨ȴһƬһۿȥ˾סĪĿռšڲϢıǼ⣬ƫͷҲִ࣬󿪣Ż԰ֻķÿһεڴɢԭеζ
ҲûźµĲӼӿ죬ںҹ֮ж磬ߵ¥һţڽľͷҵ˸ʦҡ
ڸʦԣǶӣڷֿյȫòšֻ˴ӡ
һ¥ڸɾĿΪŽնԵøⲻͬһϤġϢ뻺ڵ޳׵ָڿһӣ۷ɢȥߵ߸ߵ¹ǰ˴š
ԭľɫĹŴ򿪣¹⴩͸ĲصһжǰĲǱߵʿеĵۣһƤ
ֻϢʦƬ𣿡
Ӻָ֣ᲦʮƤڷʱƤ붡ĸʦƬһģһ
ҵˡ
򴽡
ʮӺʮƤĴ¥
һ㶼ѭ°ԭ򣬲ⲿŵԾע˻ͻ¼ҪϢ·칫ҵʱԱü̸ţԻվһ˫ۣڷ촽Ůˡ
ͬߵϿŮ˵Ƭְ֪칫ҵΡ
һְλ
ջĿ⣬̶߽޵İ칫ҡְ칫ȣڵ칫ҾԵðܶ࣬˱ΪޣԱʰ°ˡָ΢ȳĴŻϣ۰વϸ΢ȫ˼ĳ¼е޸ק˻
ػѸſһƳ
Źˡ
Χȴûˡ
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紵ģ
Ĳ²ԺбĳʶؽԴŤҪȥǲûشע⵽ʱһû
Щţ۾룿
ʲôʱģôʲôûע⵽
뵽ղȱϵţ޵ıø֣ҲˡѯݵʱˣһֻʣνѯҲֻաʾԵЩͱˣԵòòˣ԰סԼĺġ
Ǵʱ˿̣̲סˡ
ϾΪûô׵顣
ȷʵ飬ֵľȴʱʱ̶̿ţλҲܲڡ
̲סվ⿴һۣڵְ칫ڽ˻ڰȰȰȵ˵ͷ칫ҵĵƹ⻹ţɺȴ֪ĳһ̵ʱӭһˡ
ޣô߽ûκ˲
һ̧̧֡
ʱ޲ע⵽Ŷչȥһ϶Ϣֵһͣȡ֮˲ĳĬ
ô£
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֣޵ıһ˲
򱡴ָָڣ֮ڻڰ칫ңΪˡ
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ȿѺ˵ԱʱѾˡ޵Ǹ
ĵϣ˵ֱЦ˵Ĵû취ǷˣԸڽòˣʲôá
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룬ʦı֮ǰӦûܲµõ͸ʦһϵڴ¼ϱȻǰջ¼ġ
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סɸɾֻϢ
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ߵƤǰṩļƬԱȣǺϡ
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޳Ĭڽɱвûиʦ֣Ҳ˵͵͵ʹ˸ۣûн˵ڡ
Ժ˿˿Ƶ뷨Ȼϱ۾˼ã󻺻һ֪ڽҩ¼аʲôɫȷǣӦɱ˸ȡ˸ݡ
һ֮ǰյҩ봹
ӦҲǸʱġ˻һһǰѹңԣӦ˹ŹץνġʦҲ޷ȥҩô߼
š
Ϣֲ֤²⣬ǾǰʦıʱǼͷ졣
Ǹʦסȴһ֮ǰ˻塣ݻүӵ˵Ӧǰ֮ǰѾⲻ⣬ƽʱסڸʦıڣż滻ݳŽʡ
˵֪νҩġ
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ȻҲ뵽һ㣺ҲһӦǲ֪ģֻ˲ʱȡ˸ʦݣ˳ƶΪ˸ʦĹҩصһС
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ץһֻʮ˵ȴûֻܽ￴ܺã˿Ҫ
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ĳ̶ֳȶԣȷʵҲû˵
޳Ĭ
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һ顣
޵Եνһɡ
ȵİ칫ң̧־ͽƤ˽УϽĿ⣬޵ġ
ýֺͷ붼֪˿϶롣

Ƚڣޱ̾һȷʵġ

Ҫô˵ĻҲֻˡ
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صҡ
С׻ƺЩôͬһصĽϡȴڿʱòԼλԱƺô˺ܾãҲĽűǻ˺ܾãССԲԲԴûҿ 
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ܵϤϢζС׻һԶԴֵ뻳Уüָ׹·СؽСȵָԹɵͷָ⣬Ȼûʲôѿڰο롣
뿴Ȼֻ׵¹
¹ڰʱһֱװúͣװԼˣװԼԱԼˡΪԸ߹ֻеԼ˲ȥҸ¡
һ֮¹̳Űȥչ̵ʱһˡ
ŤŤдż֣ȥҸˣõҡ
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ԿţҲûС¹Իֻ߲Ǿú˼кܶҪչˣûа취ȥעС¹İȫֻȥ
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ԷĪֱ̬вϵĸо
ȴֻɨһۣ˳¶̲Цݣһ뵽һⲻ𣿡
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񣺡ܲԶ㣬绰˽˵ġ
ЦЦؿһۣ񿴵еĻţû뵽ǷҲ뿪ˣֳ˦˦֣ˡ͵ˣ¡
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ʮӺҹɫһ·ǰڵİ칫ſڡڵ֪ǰſڣ³壬һŹļ
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ǲҪȥѵˣ
ԺǲǾͲߵˣ
ۼ֮бǿҵľϲȻڣ˹ָʶĶһ飬㷭ۡô°Ψ򲻹˾ȻϲһĶؼǸһԹԴȥ
ߣԺ϶ҸƭͷһܡȴԹԴ˹ȥ 丽ߡ
ֻһǽ֮ľ칫ڣٴϡǰӵĵ绰λүҲ֪Լ鷳ʱ䰲ֵúܡ绰ҲֻҹԼ޵侯ûм
ٸûУĵعҶ˵绰
ӺͻȻеϣĿɳλã֮һĨĺиֻ֣Ǽ֮ٸܵƽϢ֣ٷϵָȻճȭͷָĹؽڿ졣
ʱһֱȥرԼһֻǩԼ飬˸еİǣֻҪɽһʱĴڣ˵һ¡
ֻ᲻ᱻ˷̶֣ˣϾԱǮ·¼еӏ֮ıץˡ
òĶǰõĻ롣
ٱ˱۾ѹĵ״޾ŭһԵضŸүƵĿɳϵĶ
Цע١
ӦĺˣȻ̬ô仯ôء
һ㶼ģɳǰ£ûлģǹֵıĹ°赲ֻϰпϣ漴٣һ˫ɺĹ¶˵Ȥҽʱ򣬷ҹ¹Ѫ˼㰡
̸¹Ѫƣ΢һû
Ҳ⣬ֻЦеʣܸܲҲһ£С¶Ծ˵Ӧòɡ

Ц˵евʵ̫ԣԵ
ٰҧס˺Ŭ¶ЦݣȻԣ˸͹
񣺡ŶúȵĻ׼ʮƿӦûϵɣ
ϺòЦһ˵٣
񣺡ʮƿôˣܶ𣿲ڰɣʮƿƶѣѵԾ𣿡
ѽѽ̾Ȼְڰ֣㵹Ҳôżһһϲء

磬Ҳϲ¹ѪľƵˡ
з˿ʵֻܴ绰һƿ¹Ѫƹ¹Ѫڼӵִ칫ңұӸ񵹾ƣȴû뵽ԷȻֱֿס˾ƿ͵һ࣬ҰҰ£૵Ȼͦúȡ
ƿһ·ŻϣһӣУʮƿ
ٲԼָ顣
ҧ һһֵĵƺܹ᲻֪ɣǵҲûôÿƿ
ֵؿӣٵŭԵʮֵʲô£ӿɲǵûл֮ǰҪȵӦ֪ɣ
ҲøٷϻⷬѪѹǵĻƿ׼뿪Ӱʧ֮ǰȴ뵽ʲôЦЦ̫ԸӣɣǵľҲʮƿĵ׼ʱá
ûҲԵú⡣
ӰһʧǻܵŭڿƲס͵̧ɨеƬ̺ݺӣдŴ
һǽ֮⣬Ŵͷŭ˿ȻŤͷ룬ЩȷʣãôͻȻȥҪ¹Ѫƺȣݾ𣿡
ν
ʵϴӸʦǱߵԺֻ֪ܴ֡
ƫͷ񣺡ȥϢɣһҶˡ
ŶһȴûߣҲûʲôϢģãҲ뿴üô
һһٰ칫ҵɳϣڰ칫һй
һСʱ
ƺ˼ʲôֻ˸绰
ӺƿӴӰ칫뿪Ӱ𽥱͸ʱȥ
ȵڽһ
һ·ǰñڲ·վſڵȺĹܼңܼٵڵ¾ƿ
ƹ԰ͤҵͨȻ֡
Ҵδأվſڳ濴ȥ
ľͷӣϰڷһƿһƿ¹Ѫơ
¹ѪƵ·۵ľһ
һ˿ľͷϣһӣóеĺɫҩⶪǶƵҧ£ȻŤͷ٣ԾþòҪô¹Ѫƣʲô
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42 
֮ǰµ⡣
ƽʱҹɫþƶһһ, һƿ˵׼ʲôʱγɵϰߣһʼҹɫʼƷ¹Ѫʱͱˡ
ж, ʱԵú侲ȥҪ, ܹ
⻰Ҳû̫ľȣֻ忿ľӵƵһ, ִӸڵĻһƿ¹ѪƣָһӱӦڵ, ˵ͻأسһĲ, һߵһƵ˵
ԭֻС˰
ٳĬ
һˣøʮƿ߰ɡ
ٵĶܿ, ڵõ޳֮ƿתҪ뿪һſҴŵʱֻôģ
üûйϵ
еľƴ߾⻰Цһ£ôûϵֻСȡƵģػô, Ҳ , Уûֵ
⻰ȷʵûʲôë
ټׯ, ҹɫе¹Ѫƶ, үȦʢеĽҩͬ
ǰҹɫҲǿϵ, е࣬㽫ȡĹҲ˵Ĺϵƺ, ˵ǰʶ
, ⳶˸ѣʱ, ڶȥʱѾûˡ

Ӧһõ˻شԺûټ̸˼ӻʾԷ뿪
ٵӰܿʧڱڣջĿƵڸߡżƿҺŨ̶ȣҲĳƿȥϸϸ¹ѪĴ㣬ζޱ񫡣
ŵͷŨζǵл¹ʱΪѪҺ棬Ϣ
ô˰Ծڵ¹Ѫƶʲôȴ֪
¹Ѫȣ¹Ѫż˶¹Ѫ
һ¹ѪϡأŻһƿ¹Ѫơ
⣬ô֮͡
˳ǣһЦֽƿӶϣȫûаСĸо
ǡ
һ̧𼴽֮ʱ䵭ʯײ·дĶСһͣתͫӳ֮ľ룬޳ݵվԭľɫԣ޳ָһľӣָںϵĿһž
뿴ڷŵһö޵ҩ裬Ưϵĵ¹ϢƺȻ
ҩľָ仯촷ۣſڵķ紵ɢ
þò볯̧ڵͬ޾Ԩв׹С
ǰİ۵һ̣ͻȻԼ࿪ʼҲĪֱֵϢС޵ĵпʼԺз壬¶ɫغˣӦ þòʶ𣿡
ʶ𣿡굥ֿľϵĶľϺµ¹Ѫƺͽҩľ̼Ȼըƿ¹Ѫƺͽҩһ¹ѪϢһ־ҺըŽֱϡ
Һ˳ֱĻȣָǵĻȻ¡
ϵİȾʺɫ
Ŀ⻺˵˫ȣɿָ£һɵġƺõĶȴ˻
ֻһ˲䣬һͻأʹͻȻԼ֫ڲɢȥʹڹǧʱʱҲûô۹ͺϸĽڶ֫ʼܿƵŤͫﻺѪʣ˳ۿһεεڵϣѪζסǹ
һ񵹵ء
֮䣬һˮںӰΪչⱩɹӲд㡣
ζӿ֣ʹеǣһ˫۾ŬҪƬ̵ѡ
վڽ￴һĻѾɵˡ
֪ǿģҲܣÿ޵ġɡǾԼ̫Сλ֮صΨһһλˡ
Ҫ֪Էɲʲôͨˣһֻǣ
ֻǣ
ǵ嶼ûдԷѾſſһƵڵϺ޷֮
ʶʺСתȥ롣ûʲôر¶Ҳɿָ˫˿̵ɱ̫󣬴Ļš
ͻȻʶǧ֮ǰıУѹû档
񣺡
ơ
һֻȥûһȥפԨѷ졭
ǧǰ֪ǶĶͣǧ֪ˡ
ԼؿڣߴתƵʱɺȾⱲʵͬ顣
˵ĺòҡ
ԹӶȥʱѾߵǵǰһһ֮ʱľϰڷŵС̼ɢŵҪܵǡ
ĪһԺʵѾҧ⣬ֻѾŤֲץŵذ壬ȾѪָڵذϷƺק壬˳ŵſڵ̨ײͣϡ
ž
ŨҵչȻٿȻµĴŸڵ
ҵĵƹ΢˸ţӡſ¥ϵİ
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ȴûֱӻش⡣
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վûΪԼıó㣬Ǵ¹ϵǵµ֮Ϊ븡飬Ⱦ˸µЩκˡ
죬¹úܿģ˵ܸл¹̾ԺҪʲôҲҪɡԭǧ֮ôġ
һһ£ǵͫҲһһؽ
ץڵذϵȻս忪ʼܿƵط
㡪
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Ǵ˿̵嶶ò񻰡
۾￴ԼͬĿģ
û룬ȴûʲôرġô᲻֪룬λд˵Ҳ͵һλֻ֪ǳݣɽλųսȴҲɱ
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¹̵̣ػص۪ʱɾζ֦ҶпСãȻλ
Ŀ֪λĹ¡
ȻһĶȥһҲɱ񰡣㿴˪ᡣ
˪·Ĳˤʱλĵطһѡ
Ķ꣬λỹĵסɶ֮󣬴ʱ˿̣ףЩԼ뵱Ȼˡ
ָ֮佫Ϊ֮֮һ񣬱ҪײС
˪
ӸµĿ翴ϣҲ˿һ졣촽˶ȴʲôҲû˵ڡ
˼ӣĽʧ
֪˶ãʹٶȴһε۱֮ǰǸΪ̹ǣѪõȥҪݺݲŵĸо񼸺˫Ʋסرԭͣ㸩һƽһλᣬң˪
ȷ˪
µˣץ˪¹ѪһΪȷĳԶչԼ˪ӵе˪϶š
˪ӵеԶ縡£ɶͨ˶ԣѾˡ
Ҫǣ˪
뽫ȫϣϡ
Ҳù
𣿡һʵ
һԿ˰˰쾪ŵ죬޲һӶѣ⻹Ͻʵʵ˵ⲻ·һܵˡ
Ҫ˵ͬ໽еλۺ֮Ҳֻаķݡ
ֻǣ
ˡ
ҪĶɫ
ĵױƱ߶߶죬еܲ˵ѹֵķΧѰ˼Ҫȳû·֮ʱɳ΢ڼѴĿ˳ŲŲչ֫ȴֻӭ˸ҵʹֻܼ֮һţ˱ɬ۾ڣ
˪ʡеһ
ַ
·1802š
ΧϢϢһ˲ɢϵʹȻûʧ޵ѹȴ뿪۾ҵĴѾ򿪣չϺ۾ϣһʱЩ㱡
ܿ죬ıҧӵ
֪ڼȥ˪һʱûй˼ɵȵ뽫˪ȥȻ׷ŹԼֻܳûߡ
ȫû뵽ǣɽһ̨׼뿪ʱһĨӰͻأسǰΪ룬ֿʼܿƵزǰ˵ϣĲֹסľȴδʧ
㡪
¿ۣ뿪ǰ˵˲
Ǻðɡ
ֿ޼ɵЦݣԼ˶ԷϣϢ˳˿ڽ壬һּܽͷѵĺ⡣
ͷٶӿ𲻺õԤС
Ҳһ̿ڣ͹ҹŶ
ЦЦĺӿ𳹵׽ֻԭ͵ǰãҵūͿɲӶࡣ

ʡе·1802š
·ΧǱλڽԵøⰲһı࣬һ1802ߣһ߸ΧϢûرŨסŵĴͨࡣ
1801߳Ů˿м⣬볤ʵںÿŮ˳ü˧磬1802Ļհģ
Щ̬ͨһ򲻴˿Ҳش𣺡ǣˡ
ŮŶһЦе룺ҪҴȥߵı߰ġ
룺ãҪҵľ1802
Ů аɡ
ĵЩźŮ˳ڰ֣Լİ һҿ1802
1802͸ʦסıûʲô̫һۿȥյģڲĴţķܴеϢվԭأ˫΢΢𣬼֮Ϊģһγɵĺ˲Ƴȥ
ԭĿڳһĶ
߽ȥ
ֻһܼ򵥵ĿŵĶԾȥԺȴǽһȫµ硣ǰǺģȴһͨ΢ĵƹ࣬ЩעǲڿġŨζ
¹˪Ѫζ
ͬʱϸ΢Ľ̸ĳһ˳ŷ紫
ȶȥܿߵȵľͷĿһȴţ˿̴΢΢¶һ϶̧һƣ֨ѽϸ΢죬ڵܿ˵ע⡣
ӷΪռ䣬м伴ΪȶԹȥĿռ䣬˿վһԭЦ˵ŻֱߵСϷɫҹɫ¹ѪƸΪŨ¹Ѫһ˿һڣ¶ʵı顣
ֱ˿űӵĶһ٣Ťͷȥ
ƺз紵˻ΣźǰȴտյȫûκӰ
ʲô
зɣҸտʱûŹϡһֹ䣬վֱſȥ
ֵϢǼ⣬ûᣬԽߵǰĴŶ͸ĲţһۿڵĹ졣վſڣ۾һ޴ɳֱֵ¹֫Χǿ
ܸܵ
ʱ꣬˪ԭ͡¹һرһ壬˪¹ֱϵ¹һûиô˿λľ͸˪˪̳Ѫͳ崿ףӨĹâ֣¹ǿƯͬϺõĹľ
ڣ׵屻ѪҺȾ죬һһɼǵ˿ԴԴϵѪʳÿһ˿ǰһȴѪ롣
˫Ư¹Ǻûʥİ׹⣬ޱȰ
ʱվ¹ǰǸ͵ͷͷϴŰ״ӣȡһ ¹˿ڿۣ°ͣƺ¹˿ٶԽԽˡԺҪȡѪˡ
˵䣬Ҳķ߳һˣͬŰ£˫ֲڶ񻮹¹һԴͽԺ״̬ԽԽˡ
ǰʱ𾪵ط¹ǿȡ¹Ѫ¹ʱ޼ɵǰ𾪵ط¹ӵеʵ٣Ļָٶ֮ô죬Ϊڰˡ
˵һֻ׻
֮һİ׻
ÿһ¹Ϣʱ򣬰׻ͻὫԼֳȥһ֡
ú˼
׻ΪԼڱס¹¹ȴΪġĥ¹ԣˡֻ޷ڣ޷Լĵ뷨˵ֻȴΪṩ˲ٱ
ȡ֮¹Ѫ¹⣬ĽƱԼµı仯
Ȼˣȴͨӵиõδ
Цݣ¶ͳһСƿӣָϸƿװö¹Ѫͷ˻ΣζЦݣҴĿڳѪĻӦÿ߼ۡ
⻰һ䣬ͷǰ¹Ŀڸһ
ûڵ¹Ŀڵ˺۱쳣ۡ˿ڣ˿ԵøҲϡͷüȻлҪ˵ȴֻҡҡͷˡ
ȡѪ֮Ϣһʱ䣬˿µˡ
˵ǶΪ¹ԽԽǱϾ¹Ƿ˸¹ôʮҲǿվֻҪ¹Ѫ¹Ƚ϶࣬ͻ˿ڻûгϵʱõ࿪
һξ͹ʱ˵ɡ
ν˲ʼ򣬡ϰǶӦҲͦġ
Ҫ¹ĿѪѾõˡǰھվյһ˽ţԷѭϵĲƷϢģû¹ѪûĿڵѪ˵ЧøõԷԷ֧һڡ
û˲ΪһĶҲһ
Ǹеģ¹ѪԴԴϣȡһĿѪҲûʲôϵ
½ǹѪڴƵת׼뿪ȻϵЦȴװվſڵʱ׽Ӳ
ƺЩţһֻ۾㡪
δ䣬Լһݺǽϡ˳ǽˤʱǴִֵϣ۵۰һʡ
ܵõӳվ֣ɴ
޴ĶƬ˵ע⣬мڵˡҲ෿ϡͷ¹ѪоԱ˲䶼ӿ˳ȻȿǱ㱻һȫƷˡ
һһιȥ
ʵǰһӻ롪
ǲǺô¹Ѫϡ͵¹ѪΪʲô黹ǳŲ룿
עò𰸡
һһߵͷ˵ǰڶԷڴ¹Ѫ𣬵˲ܣ¹Ѫ˳ָ¹˪ϡ
е붢˵۾˳һŲȥ
˲žĻڣͷѿ봹ŶԷűֱۣҽ̧ٴβϡ
¹˶ٵӣ벻ԾôһһеĹͷ
ֻⳡı˵ҽ
ҽŴ˵ֱŲ뻺תͷֳΨһŵͷͷѾǰһĻŵ˷˫ȫ޷֧壬ôڽ촽š
룺еһжҡ
ͷҾܾͷãá
ͽн¹¹ڻجج֮ƺ˯֮ᵽһϤϢϢǧ֮ǰ۾ջ׹˺ڰ

Сʱķڡ
¹ڹԼչ֮ϵ˺ѾתȻûȬ벻Ѫ
µ˺ܿ뿪
ӽͰ뻹߽˴վҵſڣվڴڵλã¹ɵŮڴϣúƯɫȴ԰ףǸһɽϵѩ£ǳǳĺۼ
޴Źµ֮ǰ˪¹ԭ͡±˵ģΪµΪ֮õ˻ָۼֻƯ¹鲼˺۵ģ
ڿ¹һ̣ޱʲô֪ˡ
¹ѪƣҩҩЩʲôƳɵġ
˵ⲻÿǶһˣֻҪúѹġ޳Ĭ˺ܾãǿĳôһ仰
ţллǡ
áӦһĿ˪Ⱦ˼ֳɣƺ˼˺ܾãûסѯʣ룬¹ҼǵҸ˵¹һֻʣһֻ¹ߵġ𣿡
û¹Ŀ˵ΪҲѡ
СʱһֱΪʲôһֻʣһֻһֻˮ룬ΪʲôȺôǿƳһۣڵ˭˵ȺǿˣʶһѣҾʣһ㻹ˣء
˵¹˪
Ҳûһֱ
ûޣֱӵӦһֽ1802齲һ顣
˪Ǳƭȥġ
˪ԼԵ֡
ʵǧǰҲһأżϵԷһϵ˪˵Լ鷳ˣϣ˪æ˪ûлλѣȥˡ
ȥ˲֪ȴ޵Լѵıѡ
û˵ȷʵҪˡ
Ȼµ׼
ظоԼϢԽԽò˼ʱͻ糹š񲻸ģ˺ܶ౦ҲûӳͶ·֮ʱ뵽˪
ʱ˪һϢ
ôǧ˪ҲһԾİɡ
˪קı֮У˳ͨ˪Ѫ
ʵʱΪֹôŹ˪ܶ࣬뵽һԺָоԼҪأǸô죿ôһ£˪϶ǰһͨȡ˪Ѫķӳδ̫档
ɴһݣ˪ˡ
˼磬ͨ˪˼ҵ׬
ûʱ롣
Щݣ򵥵˪ıһˣҲɵһƤ
Ⱥ˺񡭡ô죿Ҫ
δ˵꣬ޱջĿ⡣
ĿܵҲûʲôرı飬ֻǾô޵ϻǸŨŨΣôˣǰй黹δ˿оͲǸ׵Ĳš
ջĿ⣬һᴦǵģûң1802Ƕû˿Դ򿪣ȻϲǶҿǴһӡ
ޣ
֣ԼΪºͣǶ⡣
һȺһտռڴһӣ֪ж̡
ȺԴ¹һĲ̡
һʱҲ֪˵ʲôָֻŴһֱ˪ᣬǱŵС׻Сϻͦϲ¹ģҶޣôһ㶼ϲҡ
üû˵
ֻھʵζסʱ˿ڣ˵˵һ˯˼꣬Ժֺܶ˺ܴı仯
̧
ҺӦˣĳ̸ἰҵݡ
ҽ룬ƺΪ٣ǵĵλҲһλ񡣡
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43 
ֱ뿪ļ, µĲӻЩ顣
վڻ̳Ŀ⳯϶ȥ뷿̨տյ, 紵˴һԵĴͱɴ, ޵Ժȴصһ䡪
ƺΪ١
е޷仰ʱĸܣȻȫԴˡ
뽭˲һ, Ȼ£ؼ䵮Ƕһˡȴһλֳ, ʱϲ˵ǧǰĹ¡²λ, ΪͶ֪ı仯
ƽĶۣĹ, ٵһٵġһΪٵ͵ΪλɵԼഫ˵е㲻̫ʺСмҳû¶׵ĺӽɱɱġ
Ϊλ˸Ϊرɫʡ
޳һ㣬˵ٵĹˣȻֳֻԶĳЩε̾һ
˵λҲˡ
ȵ޳׳仰Ѿءܶ˰Ĵ˵, һλڼѳ˯ĳ˯䡣
, Ļͦʱġ
һ꣬˵ȥս١
Ϊź
ȴû뵽֮, ھƽһֱս١
ֹ, һЬƷ, թƭŰֻʣһԴ
һ, ̧סԼĿڡ
ôһ䡰ƺΪ١, Ҫúܳܳʱƽ
޻ص, ҲûܴƮƮȻлع İ칫ҴţͰȰȰȵؽ˰죬һ̧ͷ˫۷ضŴڣ˵ע֪Ʈʲôط
һ飬̲סȥǰʹ˻ӣιҸ㽲˰Ļ㵽û
޻ع
ޣ㲻ҪϵôңĻġ
û 㷭ŰۼһŻͱòԾˣôˣʲô𣿡
ĵɲʲôˡ
˵ǳ뱾˵һ֪սٻŵأ
һ֪Լˡ
㲻£
Щǿ϶ܸ˵ģֻ֪˸ܡ
һʲôܣܲҲ
η۵ˣ˵ˣһô
һѾֵ״̬лعˣҲûپֲܶţתͷ˵飬оͰҩ
ԼĶԻҩ¶ͲҪˣѾˣ󲻻νĽҩгˡ
һβ΢΢ȻԵʮ⡣
һ·Ͳµʲô
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44 
벢δע⵽к֮ķӿ
Ѿͷĸ̲ס࿴һۡҲ֪ǲĴ, ô֮ķΧܽǰкӲǻڸҪ΢ź
ܾˣҲ㿴ҲˬҿҲ̫ˬıɣ
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к쳣, ͬʱҧгݣһɫ, ߵı, ԥؼ˷ԡһüŲһ䲻̫ĻҪ³, ȴкĿǽġ
Բ˿̴嶼ſڰ̨ϣһѹڸ߽ϣ˫ֳЦе룺θ磬ֻλ̲ҲҹɫϹ˿, ʶӦҲһ, ÿ뿪кأôҴѽ
ֿĽ, ˵Ҳûʲô̶, Ϊ峺ɫԵú

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Ҳû뵽Ȼôõһɣͷڣ
ŮϤһ㣬͸ղ뻹;ƣº͵͵Ȼ̬ǵͬһϵССֱУֻСý߾ȵЩƬԭĲpģ˧羹Ȼͳôÿ
ӰѽƬʱСߣ߶ȻƬ𾪵һ
Цӯӯʣô˧ÿɣ
Сһŵӣôÿ˧磿ҲţPͼôڶǹҵԱˣ϶PͼЧ
Ϊ֤Լ˵ľģŵʱصؽԼСҲһ˹
ȼˣСڽг˧˧Ĵ˧磬˧Ĵ˧绹һʵ
뵽ʱĻ棬Ů̲סЦЦɿ˻֣θ硣
߽ŮϽŷ˹ȥ
ǡ
ŮŴЦЦǹ䣺㿴˾֪ˣллθ͵ľư
֪ʲôʱߵĸһ룬㾹ȻСŷ⿴ȥĹҵġ
˵˵ͻȻɫ䣺ҿװòǮɣȵȣǹʲô˼òǰ㵱ɡ
ѼӡջûдӸð
ȴ峺۾ʵ̫ˡ
ɡµĺ
Ȼȫû˵ɸɤôߣΪ̫𾪶Եһһէʵں˺ԡ
Ҳ̲ס࿴ŷ⡣
ʵøе࣬ǹｫŷݸʱļ۾ĶԼ͵͵һۣͷ˹ĸоŷĶֹйϵͷҲϵ
ûڵһʱӦ¸ĻѡСŷ⡣
һ˺ʶװƬ
죬޳ָȴѾƬ˳
ֻһǣԭɻݱͻȻͣӺڻعæҵѸٽƬȥװ̧ʱע⵽ĸͷʱġ
һһºҪˡ
ζû뵽ȶԺ龹Ȼֹ͸֪
һİСﶼˣһƬ
һ̣ҪжิӾжิӡ
㱾ںСʲô۰ͰأͻȻżúŷȫ˵ĶͷӦ˲ˣѾȲÿڣôôˣװʲôôӦô󣡡
ûʲô 
侲ʵ̫ĻңҵؽŷƷĿڴ񲻾⻮æջء

ûԼһǱ̵һææ˻أһŰϼû¡
Ӧǲе֡
۾˼˺þȴҲûȻ
ѾŷźãŶһ䡰ȥæˡ¸ͷĵٶɻҲ޷ʳڡ
ֻ໥һۡ
ûһҲص̨ʼˡ
ȥССʱߵĽҲûܵ롣˵Ŀ⴩谵Ľע⵽ӰȺдһʱҲûпʱ䣬Ա뿪ˡǰϸ㿴˫ۣȶԷڣҸ˵һˣˣллľơ
㣺
ⱭƲ
ıӰѾʧҰ֮ڣֻһ

˵Ѿˣһת̶ߵĿʰϵľƱⱭƺû̫Ȥ˿̻ʣ´룬ĵȻǸϲ̲һ㣬ֻߵʱûϣҲ֪ҪҪ̲衣

ûҲá
ǼƬ뿴÷
ֽ̧ӵݹȥϴɾ㿴˸ʱЩһʲôշϰߵʱҸ˵ллľأƲźô㣿
ӦòǺϲ˵ллò
°ͣ˵ϴǱƾŨȸߵǶˡ
룺
òƲƬ߳ܣû뵽һ仰ְЩק˻мεԼüģؿ㣬ڰ಻סԺǿԲ顣
㣺
ûӦĿע⵽΢΢Ķ۾һգЦ
ֱ۴ֵشļϣЦô°룬㲻ỹϰԺ§§ɣԼ˵ûмҲ㿴ˣǶͨѣզôء
ƿֱۣͣǰûô
ϸ룬ͷǵǣҳôҲûĸŮֵزġҲҪ̫㿴ϰ岻ͦһ㶼κͲ˼룬Ҫϰѧϰ
⡣
룺
ڳĬĿһۣĿ̺ζʵеࡣ
˲󣬺ȻéٿΪ˼졣Ƭ̺󣬱ѹ͵ð˳ȵȣòңϰѹͲ֪췢ɣ
ͷ
㣺ֲù
ļ򣬸һͬ飺Ҫô˵ĻҲͽ͵ͨˡģҿ϶ϰǶģ㲻ϲĻҲ˵ˡ
Ըָ̧һ56Ҫƽˡ
Ҳڳɿǿ
һͷƻصɥƷʱλţдǿȻϤظרɥƷ꣬Ŀֻһ֮Ϊ⣺ϰ岻ڵﰡͻȥˣҲ԰ǳͣء
ڨڨЦһ
ĵҪͻȥ˾ͺˣȥҹꡣ
ľǼϴ໨۾ֻҹ꣬Ҳûˡ
Ҳ֪صı̫ۣԭǿͻȻʶʲô˵ϰһֱҹɫܣȥҹɫ˰ Ҳǣ
ؼ˾İתƻ⣺ϰԼأҪʲôϰ岻ڣ͵͵Űۡ
˻һԭڰԷ˽ĿϲЦտ˼á
һŤͷͿ˷
ЦӯӯظкϰϺðԱ˵ҪҴŰء
زըë
Ҹôң
ַйܣ
һ۶Ϸ˫ڵҪʲôȻȴδ뵽ֻüţȻȥϢˡ
һֱ뿪ػ۾һ𾪵ģ
ҿ
ϴո˵ʲô

һ㶼˴˸ۣ
ϴʲôʱôˣ⻹ٿѵϴ
ص𾪲ͬƺ˵Ķһؼۣϰ黹Ŷ
ó
ɲǰҲû·ûʲôģȻһǷϰк¶
ۼŻֽصȥҹϣظϽſ˽ĲƷ顣
¥ڡ
ڴڵλãڴڷΣûµʱ㿿йӡʱѾҲû˯ĵؿ⣬λҹõĿѾŴĶ뿪
ǵҾסƬƽʱϰװֻ࣬ϵÿգҲҶǵɥƷ꿪ú
ʱز˯ͻῪһҹ
ջ˼ ǡֻһ¡΢΢£ֻϡһµƯƿ~
µķƯƿAPP
֮ǰҹɫѾһƯƿˣ˿һۿȥֻϵͳѵһƯƿںϡ⿴ƯƿʽѾµλƿǺηʥ
һ[]ֹȻۡ
㣺˺ε飬ѺȶԺ§§˵ҵקѾˡϣԺʲôǵãϣҲǡ

ȶ˶һ§§
һظȷѶǱ̬ɧſ񣿡
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賿㣬صҡ
С׻Ϊ˪飬úܳ죬һҲ˯졣
Ŵ򿪴ʱδ֮ǰһջһֻҡͷβС׻ǿ˪ɳϡſжƫͷƯɫ䣺ٴˣˡ
Ӧһôû˯
˪Щ˼˯ʱ̫ϲ̫˯
Ļش뵹Ҳû⡣ȻҲܸܵ˪к̶ܴȵĺתŲ԰׵СҲȾѪɫû֮ǰһͬѩǣһϢ
뻹οġ
ֻϵڣ޻¸ˣӦһˡ
˪ͷЩɵٴˣˣȥһ񡣡
ü
˪͵´˵Ƕ
룺ǾȥɣðϢ
á
ڶһޱŹķӡ޺򵥴˸кùȥ˪ӣڿ̸⼸ྯǱһֱɨѾϵĽҩҲɨɾˡ
ͷˡ
ްڰ֡
˵û仰±˪˳¿ȥǸʮµˣ۾һŵϢҲǳºͣøС޺ͷЦ˪ָúܿ죬λõġ
ͬǧ𣬱֮˪¹ԭΣȻ֪˪ݣҲ֪˪Ϊθԭô졣
ֻû뵽ǣ˪ԴǸ꣬ƺ𾴡
Ȼ˪ֵòԡ
ɹ»
ҲȺԱǱŹֵֹսţԱǶһȤɫʣ뱾ˣ²δʲôº͵ϢʶӦһͨˡ
˪֪Ǵġ
Ͼǿλ˸ǧ¹
жǧ棬˳˳ڣȴ⻹һҪŵ㣬Ǿǲ¡
µĹºܿ뿪ˣŽϢûߣԴ˪һȥ1802
1802Ǹտյģû1801Ůˣ̤ܱտռǰĿʶ˪Ȼ˪ֻǳЦЦʾⲻҪ
ĿĻʵЩ֮ǰѾ޼ǼڽɪɪоԱԼҲ෿ڰڵеʱҲ̲סü
Щеδɾͷĺۼ
뵽˪Ѫ
࿴һ˪෴Ͽȥϸ˪˿̵ıȴ侲ЩװѪԹܣֻǽĴϡǰһǰ̧ϸָϣһơ
޾վ˪Ҳ࣬ŷ֮ʣ̧۾
ֻǵ֮ڵĻʱȴһû
˪Ҳɵһ¡
ѾѺһԵ˿Ѿԭĸ˩һֻǡŨĺȫжǰ״ӵǰ˪һ۱ϳȡԼѪ
ڡ
оԱָѾװΪ£ʱһΣԵڵءȻû¶ǵѪҺȴһء
ž
ŨĺӽɹһӣоԱĽһ
͵ڵϡ
оԱҽһ
ͷҲû̧עֻĹѪӾͷУ·߲ǲСԷȫﶫžͰۣһأȥǷѪ
ޣ
˪
뻺ü
ž֮Уº͵ڸǹоԱĲҽк͵Ӿĳ첻úܻˡ
Ͷ䡣
ô
̧۾Ŀһ꺬Цȴһææؽֻһȴûüأһ䡰ǧ뿪Ҷӡôͻأش˳
۽һ
ѵĹ
żæŵشܵǰٺЦһôˣ
ĿǵϣϽ֣˵ֻҪŪУڿû
û
ҲԶˡ
ھϴֲ㱻˺֮һֱûиԭȷ˺ܶ¹Ѫ⣬Ͼ¹ӵһϢֱ˩ʱʱ̵̿طѪû漣
ʵ㣬ĿĿһۡó޵ϴںͨ绰ʱȥǼݡ
ǰɣ
ֹ˼䣬ǰȴҲΣֻܹԹԻش⣺ΪҵˣҲˡ
ﺰһжôʣ
ȻȴҲˣǹֵ
ûʣֻվһԿ
֪˪ЩҿµĻ¶ҪҪߵĲһ̧к޺뿪
ټĿռ˲ֻʣվһ˪֮µ
ЩججΪʧѪ̫࣬۾ǰˡ˼ʼӣ̲סȥ˼˪ʱҲָоҪҪȴ޷ÿʱÿ̶ڸţʹʼչ᳹ÿһ졣
ڴгһԼѻͷǰ
䣬ԽԽصȴٿȻȵů֮УΣƤҲͫʼӳŮӰ
ô񿴵˪ˡ
˪ףϻɨʱĺԸıһֻ֣ҲܳأصôˡΥԡ
ΪǼǧǰˡ˪һɫвδж̧֣ҵԭαࡣ
Ӣ˲ǰڵ¾ׯģϵ˿Ѫһ²·͸
˪ĵ죬ȴδ
أ
۾һգգض˪ķӦ˶½ȴѾܸоֺŵɱ⡣
û¹ô䵭
±ʿ壬˪ҲֻʧĿⶢ
˲԰׵Ĵ˳¶һܵЦݡ
˪òļʧʱֻһ˿ڵָſСɵĽɫ֮С
ʱֻ꣬ƺû̫ĸı䡣
Ĺûȴÿһ䶼
ֻҡεʱû
±ٺã޾ªҲѳ׸ʴе
˪̧սԼУΪΪʱһصҵ㽫͸㡣
׳ʱ˪¹Ϲŵû̷ʱ͸Էڼ֮ŸµһЩϢص񶼣ֻкһλأִﺫʮﺮɽʱǡÿźʼֽ
һֻֻĴ͹֡
Ƕ־ϡ
ΪԼѵ˪ǿһأ͵С
ǧ֮һ񡯡
һһĶУ˵ͫһȻʼֱۺݺݲҪȥק˪֣˪һϾĿ
ƭңƭҡ
ƭ㣬Ǿ͵ƭɡǶĵ⣬ϸ΢Ĵۣ˪¶Цݣô㣬ͬ߹ȴôһֲҵķʽԼµз÷
˪һۣת뿪̤ǰٶȴҾȹأΨһ ûкڡǿҵǿ󣬶ֻ֤һ顣
˭Ҳı䲻
һ̣˪ͻȻΪʲôǿƮǰֽȥҺʱԷ֮¶źѹ
˾ǳݵ¼ֹҲı䲻Ѿʼж졣
*


45 
ٻļ俪ʼա
׵¹ҵԼ, ֮ʱŵؽɫСӡ
Ϊ·ϵ̫һŰС˵, Ϊżĳɳ, ¹δȫ·ˤ, ۵ֱǲľʯ黮˺ۣΨֻá
۾, ˵ѯʹ´, ˵͸ҾҵĶ͸ҵѣԼͿԡ, Ұ͸ŶһҪЯҪúñ棬òã
ͬ׵ǲ̫ĳԣҲûжʣΪ¹ּææˡ
ļ۪, ʱʱɫóһۡҲûü˪, ϲСϵϢú, ÿ춼޲ö˯ʱ
ʱôá
鵽ʲôʱʼıģ
ͷ컨, ׻ᷴ, һȦȦĹģ˼Լƺһһ׹, ׹޾Ԩ֪ʲôʱ, ԨͻȻһĨ, еô׷ϹâջǹԼԽԽԶʧ

˪ڸǸװеķ俴һˡ
괩ż򵥵ĳڿ㣬ɫĶ̷мңƽ˼˿һ࣬º͵Ŀʵ䵭ǰǰֻԳΪĹϴһȰȰȾûͣ¹
Ⱥ಻ϲѪǺȸ
գפм֩ƨϡǰһƿǵĴѪҺɪɪ
ǵȷȹ¹ѪҲϲʱѪǾϡ͵ģ壬һŴĽҩһƿ¹Ѫȥͱˡ֣ȵ¹ѪҲֻ΢ŨһЩȫ
ֻҪǺȵġ
ǿӵѪ
ҡҡ֩͸¶ŨŨĿ־壬Ҳܺȣһġ
ôüȻս֩߾ֵصͷǻչЦݣ˵ȻҾ͸뿴ˡ
Ϊһ򵥴ֱֱָӿ֩ĲУǿаһֻֽƿѪȫĺ
ȷ֩һѪҲȥ̧Ʋһӵ˽
Ȼ󣬸תֺˡ
˺ģͻȻ˶ɪɪȺĻźµҪȴǿƲסȥ֩³ҲһۣĿѡ֩ѾԭΣֻһֹŤ̬ţ忪ʼĹңĪرȥ˷߰˴Ժֻصñը
Ӻֳ̧һ͸ı֣ĿռڡȺͷ߽֩ȳѪ
еѪζƮڵذϣɴ۾һĻһû۾һ˹ȥ
״ɵһҺ¹ѪһΪȺ˵ӶأҲô
ޣ
ĬĬһ粢磬Ťͷȥ۲񡣴ֱ̫ףŤͷΪͣӿʲô
ƢĲ̫ ҲǰС͡
һ̽䣺ǸֵܣȤϰ𣿡
񣺡ҪƸҵĴҿԿһ¡
ޣ
ֻǵľԸеֶΣҪǰŽҲ˭֪˼Ԫų̂أοôı¡
ǵĶԻ뵽Լƺδܣָ̧̧񣺡޸ɽڶιۣĸģ㲻طϡ
Ҳ˵ظһЩţ֪ظĽṹ
ôֻȻ޸ɽĵڶιۡ
ҲѹֶԷһм
ˡ
ӿռٶȽޱ뿪ʵҡһͷ˪վſڣЦЦˣ
˪ͷģɫСʢģССһΪƯ
½С棬˪˫֣صҺĶԹҲˡ
ͬעһƺоʲôû˵ֻͷʾ֪
سʱ˪ֵ
˪صңС׻˪ſָһ¹һദ൱гݺгп˿ڣʲôʱߣ
˪ԲɵЦʲô
ɣҵѾãСƶȥһƾļңСƶһЩں桭˵ɣܻǰһҪҾȥ
Ǹ⣬֮ⷢǰһֱź͸µԼ
֮Ÿµ־߱硣
ã͸ȥгŵˡ
Ԥ˪ѡ⻰Ҳûие⣬ֻǸ˼䣺עⰲȫаڲƽʱҡ
˶٣ʵϵֻ𣿿ԼӸ΢ţϵȽϷ㡣
˪ûԲ۾ȻЩ˼ԣٴˣҪһ𣿡
Ȼסˣ
Ӧ˪ͬʱֲ̾һ˭֪һ򹤸ɻǮֵط
Ҳֻ֪͸˪ֲʵ
Ʋ̫С
ˡ

Żδȥҹɫϰ࣬˪ȥ̳ڵרֻ˫΢ţе׼ã˪ڵڶ뿪
ȥһʱգƽƺ˾Υƽ
ճϰ°࣬żǰ̲衢ҹȰ׿ˮķ
Ҳ1802صߣżȻٵβͣ1802ڵһˣɵɵķ裬ûж˹ġ
ſڰ̨ϣش˸ǷĿĿĵɫɫĿϣת˴Ұо롣ص̨˾䣺⼸ɵĿǲǶ˵㣿
š
°ͣȻû¹Ѫƣҹɫ
˵꣬չҹɫķŴߵ˰̨ڣһЩɵϿͻ죬ȻȻģҲ֪ԷƺֻǵȾǲ¶ԷٸȤҲûǰڨ
ϾǸȦ챻ĳλõ׷²۵һĲֵ
ȻҲһЦ̸ֵ˿⡣ָһ棬̧ľƣδ˵һ̲Ѿݵǰ
˳̲迴ȥ޳׵ָո̲豭ӣŽ۵ָһζ꽫ջأϷЦЦı鶼ڻˣζûĺá
˿⡣
״Ҳ²һ䣺ôܣѺȵ̲ڷϰ˵ǿɵľƺͳ֭˵ϰ壬Ҽϲ̲ˡ
˵Ż˶Էһ䣺˵һֱĶƤãСı󡣡
ĵɨһۣλεͲмһˡ
ǲ˼ˡ
Ϊ֣ŵĽֱӺϵģ˿ڶܻϣʲô
ˡ˳ҵɥƷƲĿԻҪС
㣺Ű
һ֮뵹̲סЦЦڿؽ̲ܲһڣ۾ʣ𣿡
ʵʵ˵ȷʵľƺͳ֭úȡ
㷭˸ۡ
⣬Ͼġʵĳ̶ֳϴ̼࣬˵ľƲúȡ˰죬Ҳֻðһ䣺ϰôôղŻܹ
ͻȥˡ۽ǵɨƺеȤԼɳǻأװʵֿø𾢡
ͦԡ
򵥵ؽ齻䣺һϷ޵Ķӱײˡ
㵱һ̲סʣϰ˵ǲǸǼңǼͥͦõģסֶСء
֮ڵؿ˷ͷ
ϢͨԸ˵
ͷаɣѶиǼҸڵģ컹˵ײúأ֪ܳż죬û뵽ûˡ
˵еꡣ
˵ǰʱСӻڽӴ׶ʾͻ̸飬û뵽ô졣
ϷһСòɲţԷԼԼˣ飬öѹҡҡͷ˵̫̫廹һֱ̫ãӳԺεüˣǲģ
һʷġ
ӦģͻȥʱǱõġ
Ϸ˵ΪܵĴ̫һʱûܴӲû취ɥֻɼݰæ졣
ԣˡ
һ죬붼ܴӸǳȥһӵ顣
Ϊ̸۵¶ʵеࡣ
Ʃ磺
׵Ů˵ɺˣ˳ƯֺãҲǺ壬ϯˣôţһǺȶˣֱӰŮˡ
ȫǶɵƱҪˡ
˾䣺Ůû°ɡ
㣺Ůû¶μıͷˣһֱӰıһ١ŮȻû¶˵ıˡ
ڸĽУһҶ⡣
ӵϷ׶󣬵֪ӱԺȥ˽ǰȻקź˵ֱ۾ҪԷǮſھʨӴ󿪿ڣҪʮ
ⱲӾûôЦ飬ɵȱҽԺûȥͰһȭͷҪ˼ʮ򡣡
˵ʱۼҪȥˡ
𣿡
ǿ϶ûаɶͥóʮ顣˵ˣҪǻңԸʮؤҲһӡʼ磬һӾˣ滹ιȥ û취˾ͱˡ
ڱ֮θ㵹Ҳû˵
Ѿ͸еģûô졣
Ҫ˹ҪһˣɵƸžȥ


٣
ʱ죬ֻһ֮ɫ
ĿѸӰĳϢ֪ԷȻɨȦǰ˵Ҳûҵ롣
ץǰ̨ȡƵһλԱʵСϣ𣿡
Сϻˣָָ̧ͷղź񿴼ȥˣԾʲô¶ɡ
мź
ŸϽϢأȻԷ˿ûգֻҵһˡ
ʱ˿̣һ˵
СʱǰҹɫıϰһȺҹɫȺ붼Ǻ һֻͨԺ֡м˺Ĺϵ൱ãм˵ļ
Ծճ͵VIP䣬ֳ¶ȴ־Լܻ졣
Ͼ̨Ѿȥ죬Ⱥ춼ͣˡ꣬Ҳǵһδǲﶼǹϵؽȫ˼ԱתصԼİ칫ҡ
ʱԼѾõ˰˳ɣֻҪϢϢ㲻ˡ
ԾµĲӺܿ죬һҲû⡣
һͷһٵĳӣõͦãֻطҲ̫ƫˡ
˵ֽں˾үʯʯҲҵĶ࣬Ȧպǹʯ־ʯҵĲҵǰλʯȻǸ˽ӣڵķǳó裬ҲˮǴߣʯҵĹ˾ﵱСĹ١
ʯҹ˾һֱдţ˵˽ӳһҪǹӣΪʯļ̳ˡ
ɴ˿ɼλʯٵλȻһ˵ﲻҲ˳
ⷬЦЦڽͨôƫĵطҲ¡οطƫһҲƫһĺô˵ǲǣ
ʯһ˵ǵͷĻʵȴô¡
˭֪Ǳŵġ
ҲǾҵһӣϧʱŶ׬㣬Ŷӵ㣬˵˵̫õ飬Ծʵǿۣʰ
ʯĵ׻ǿҹɫҹɫЩû
ǰҹɫ¹ѪƵǴķзϧʱһʱ䶼ڹ⣬ûںò׻ˣҹɫֲˡ
ʯе㲻ġ
ؿɳĿһֺõϣΪ֮Աǣĵ޷İˬһ¶˸ʵЦݣ˵ڲ¹Ѫˣһûˣ
¹Ѫơֱе
һˡ
ʯ治ʱ
ʯٵǰϽͣǲ֪¹ѪƵ̼ҳ⣬ǰӾЩгϵ¹Ѫƺҩȫɨɾʵǲ˼ʯ٣Ҳûˡ
ʯ˾
Ȧӣҹɫõó־
һ¹Ѫƣһǽҩ
ʲôûˡ
ʯ̲ס࿴ۣҴʲôʲôҲûУ͹ȾƳ谡
Ҳˡ
ʯٵǱ軵ˣǰӴʯ˾Ĵү˼ųǶ൱λ˼ֱһһ¡κλǲó裬ҲڸƵźˡ
޷ˣֻڨڨһЦʵʯ٣˳ö֪ûȤ
ʯ͵øˡ
ڸҿЦʯһиǹ㵱ǹĸ˵ġӶȽˣ˱ȵȽΣ
ȻȽ֣ڳүǶضһۡ
˵ȽΣǻеš
һǰųȦĵСȽδӸ¥һԾ£ڶʮһյǰһ죬ѡԼʱ΢̱һϣȽεĸֻһֱ̾ѰϣüҲûȥ˿ǿŸż𣬸ӪŷȽεΪѰ
ʱʯֺȽθĸԭȽۣܳǷ˿һѵ֤ݣҪȽΣȽȦ֮ء
λ˿ҲԼȽεĴշ΢
΢ѾڵһʱƬΣɿȴ
ЩǰŻȽĵķ˿о˱ѺģѷۻزȽȽ˸Ѫͷ
һʱȦֱȷѪꡣ
ͬһȦĴүǵͬİ汾ȽβŲۣܳǲ㱻Բѡ¥ɱġ
ʱϢûɹȵʱһҲἰ
ʱȷʵܵܶණ
һ˵
˿̣˭û뵽ʯٵĿоȻٴȽε̶̼֡ʱڣЩشźǰ˹˵Ĺϵ
굹ûע⵽̫ȽγʲôֻΪǸ಻СǡľڵСǳһ㣬ϵķĨúһ㣬Ҫô˵ױʦʦҪأ
Լҵ⡣
һӣʾԼĸȥ˴ڸʯٴ꣺ǵиûģָɾʯ϶ϲ
үһʱҲȤ˵ĸòǰģصλɣҼǵýǰɣ
˳ȷʵ
ĸ͵ҲʯٵȤһ֮ǰģֱ壬üʣģ
ʹͷǿɲ˾֪ˡ
˵ҲѾгò˹ʮճͷͣٱһȷʵҪÿЩȷʵģصʡ
ŴмɳŵˣһԵ˿ϵæһѣأǿʯ٣ѲɻҪҸһ£û˼ʯٵĴôϽȥźˡ
رƵһ£ȴûô
ʯٵҲ⣬ǴɳվĿ⻺ɨأȻһҲһѣȵȽΰ
⡭
ԭΪʯģɶȻôһ䣬һҲ֪ô죬Ŀʶֵүһ˸ϽǰһЦŵ٩ѽʯ˵ЦˣȽεɺųȦһأرȲġȦҲڶԺȽˣ˵ǲǣ
ҪӦͣƺҲʶԼˣָǰȴһеֹǵҲǣҿٵǸͺܺá
һ㶡
ҲЩüë룿
˼ҲһӣΪ˼飺㲻֪ҵŸ˧簡Ƭǿ
ֻݹȥƬҲһ̳ױ¶һȺ˵ǰ
һۿȥ֪ƬǾġƬڵĵص㲢ҹɫһҺͨտꡣʱ봩ſĺTȴĵ˵Ƥ׵ڷ⣬վտһֻ࣬ڵȴȴĴƬĸо
΢΢ЩҵĺڷڲסƯ٣΢ŨܵĽë´µӰ
֮ܶÿòС
һʱеүǶƬûֻ˼״Ҳ̲סһЦôǻɣҵʱʱΪ˰ôôÿˡ
ôأ
ⲻе֪֮ϹŵġæشթƭԼȦĵ˵䣬ʱ˵ĳЦ
ô㲻֪֮ء
˻һ˶Цʯü˵˾䣬е˼
ȷ٩˽󣺡㿴ʯپûôˡ
٩ıҲЦ䣺ҿûʯôõļʲôˣʯʲô˰
һȦάʯ൱ģҲЩƮƮȻһӣ̧̧°͵ɣҵҪǲƬôÿⶼһˣһûȽγøɫء
굱Ȼóʯ֮ĶϲɫԸʹ˸
ͬʱȫӵ̲סǰһߵʯٵǰһ䡰ʯ١ʯֻƳһָۣ꣬㻹źźٰɡ
ɫ΢΢һס

ڶ̶һ֮ѾءҪˡӴԼ¥˿ð
˳Էȴһأ͸¶ֺ
˸ۣҲûٿڡ
ͻȻ֣Լͣĵص㾹ȻǰVIP䡣뻹ǵʱǸҹɫԱԼVIPʱмֹı֡
ڵ΢΢һУɫؿƿ˰Ĵš
ŴŴ򿪣ĺװκɳǰվʯΪȲǰҪѹԼĵﾹȻи˧磬ĺĶ
ͬʱʯٶ۵ѹ͵·λָҪλʯʯپͺˣҸ㽲źһӶóˡ
ĵڴ仰˵˼
˼ֻҪһתЩһֱҲӭж⡣
ƩԱҹɫʱΪʲô˳ۡΪúÿҹɫǳ⼸λүģϾһλʳǡ
ϻһЦݡ
룬ǵһΣΪؼ֮źˡ
ⲻ֪ڿ¶Ц֮ʯѾ಻סĿ¶̾ɨɨȥпû뵽ٵĳﾹȻľɫǰɣҽһ£ҽʯԣôƺҶԡ
ʶʯٸոնԴ̬ȣ˶Ըоʯٶ⡣
༸˶һۣ׷ЦǾͲʯˣȥڡ
һڣǼүһ볤ÿÿһϽź˵Ǽ
رǿ˽ȥһ۾Ϳһү§ЩĿĶ̲סҧҧ촽
һǽ֮İڡ
ʯ߶߶ʲôôĴָǲ֪ȥȻһһ˫ڵƽؿôһҲʯһº͵ЦǱ죿
ʵʲô
ʯΪԼʾõһ־һϲʲôаʲôϲҿԸҪǩϲʲô鱦ӣӣҶУȥ
ĿɨٺǸеģ£а֮ǰȴȥطɣ
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º͵Цʮ֪ˣż
ͬʱɳĳһ칫ڣһλ񾯲һվֵǣˡ
ҹΪͻĴɤŶ
ʲô
ЬսץѼսˣߣɨȥ
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46 
ڵȴʮ, ʯԾø尾
ʼã޼ɵע, һԷ, ʯԵڿʼš
ЩȲˡ
ʯٶǰۼ־˫Ưɵͬ͵, ҲûʲôǷΪʱʯԳ, ϲɫء
Ȼڼ뼡ǰһ, ϻԻ
ָǵֵʲôһ͸ϸм䣬뿿ý, Ҳ޷
⡭ʲô˼
ʯԲаǰ̽ǲ͸ɴڡ𽥱֣Ҳֹи𡣿۽ɨһ꣬Էƽƽ߶ֻϣVIPĵƹյЩģ, ȴÿ
ʯʯԻҵ˼
ʯ͵ؿȥ, ڵ̶۾΢΢һ, º͵ɤ͸ǲ͸ϻ, ʯйûо, һֱ󶼸һˣ
ôʯ֮
ʯԼ̱˸Լǹ͸ǽ, עȫȻոյһ仰ϡҲû˸ղŵϲɫ, Ե, һ˫ָѾȭͷ֪ʲô
ڴֻƿ
ʯԵ괩·϶˺ۣӰҲΨɼǸƯܾµ
עʱ򣬶ԷҲͬʱ˹ մѪı΢΢һƺ˵ʲôǵ΢ջɢ˷
º͵ЦЦ˰ο֮⡣
˵ǷֵֹĻ֮ʯԱһֱǰ꿴ͼϱõһЩݡϧǣֵ൱ƽ·岻ԾĻҲֻҳһڶ³ġֱԽԼļȻĳյĽ䣬ЦЦ
Ƥ˲ƤӴⴵķҲȾ˼Ϣ
ʯԲԾػͷ
տҲ
ʯ֪ʵġ
һǰȽ¥
ʱҲûоﲻԣʯұ軵СүȽ֮ǰɹɥĲ顣ȣȽֻ˵㣬ӵеķ˿˵㣬ѡķʽ˵㡣ôЩ˿һˣת
㻨ǮҸð˿ҥȽۣܳ˳㽫ԼвȽϴʱĴշȥνܳ۶÷˿Ľ˳¡
û˭ỳɡ
ΨһʯԸеźľȽ̫ˡ
֮һʱ˺ܶҲȽεĶ
ȱˣԺӻô˭֪᲻еڶȽΡ
ʯԶԴ˿úܿ
ת䷢Ƚͷ졣ʱϹȽܳ۵ĳǵأз˿֪飬󲿷ַ˿ѷۻزȣԭȶõͱʽҲûʲôˣýй¶Ļ
ʯĵضƬͻȻԼһ紵
˺ļ죬ֵطԼκεص㣬κν䣬ҡʯҵĹ˾ȽεӰôվ߿ɼ֮һ˫Ѫ۾ֱɳƷ·ɰѪɤ֡
֮ûʲô
ʵֲ̫ˣֲ׾ٵعʯеĲͿ־塣
Ϊ۱۶Ƚζ޷ߣһȦĹ췴Ӧ֪üǴ䣬תͷָһλʦǴʦԳŵϵڽҲ൱š
һ۾Ϳ˸ʯȻɶȽΣȽλҷָʯһ˷ֽĽңʯЯ
ʯԹԹ
Դ֮ҲûܵȽεš
֪ʦǴʦʯԻصظһĿԱԼĸл
ʯԳԽԽһȽ¡ڣôһ⧲ķʽȽκǶ´ʯԵԺٶȹ˳
Ϊɫ
ûһǰһȽΣеĿ־ҲԼЩĿϣ㵽ʲôˣأ
ջĿ⣺ʯԼ̫ҪˣֻǿЩ档
ʯ˵ʲôĸ֣ͼ޳ָ̧ ڿһ㡣ˮһȦȦȥʯͻȻǰºͳߵƹϨֻʣ½ĵƹһݵӰ
վǶͷ̧ٱ¶ʯʱߵͫȻ촽⶯Ƚε˳
ʯڱ˫Ѫ۾עӵʱֻƤĨһѩѩ͸ҪѪҺᡣվԭأ˫޷ǵԼоӰԽԽֻ֮ң
Ƚοеĺ⼸ԭ
Լ˶ٻء
𱾸һǰ͵ʵ֣ȴû뵽ʯԵĸ׾ȻбҵŵĴʦԷʽĺܳɹʱӦܵù죬ɢˡɼˣ˺صˣڶŨҲδʱһɢӰ֣άֲ̫õΡ
Ƚβġ
ʯȥ˹⣬ȵ
һʱ󲿷ʱ䶼ڿһ˵ɽйԼԼߡ
һźĬĬʯԻعӡ
ȵʯԻȽβʶԼ޷ʯϺʲôܾĿʯľֻף֮κӰ죬֮ڣ޷ֻǲ׵ϣܸоһֹȼĹӰƵĸоڶɢϷŹÿһ
Ϣ
ȽγԹΣÿһζʧܸա
ΪԼƵⱲҪʱȴ롣
Ưÿ꣬ͬʯԶϡע⵽ʯԿĿ⣬ȽȫȻĴͻȻػԷԼߣϲǶϲ֮ĶƻëȻ
Ҫ룬ȴȻʶԼֻֻ
˶
һ̣ʧźǳڱˮװ˾ˡ
ȽôҲû뵽ǣΪ˶źʱ뿴ԼԼЦһһ֮Ƚƺʶʲô
Ƭ֮֮еվʯԵǰĺͺںڵʯԵС

ǰɨƵǷֱӴšųҹɫʱ򣬿ڷԱûӦ
ԭڰ̨ϵʶһ٣Ŀ˳Ǽ¥񾯶ȥв֪ΪξȻеͻͻģקסСϣżæŵʣʲô
Сô֪Ҹոһֱһ𰡡
˵Ҳǣֻü뻹ء
δ˵꣬ΧľѾ͸ҹɫһ˿۸㣬Ҳûʲô£Ӵˣʣ٣ǽΪʲôİ
ǾҲܺͰɨơ
ɨƣ
˵۾һ𾪡
ͬʱԾǴһ磬ҹڳֵɨƴ»Ȼ֪Աתͷ뿪ţȻһֻѸקסĺ죬һѽ˵ϡƷӸµϤȻǰüҹɫľ졣
ԱЦЦżһǾú̸һ̸ġ
ԱĿ޵ؿյĴţԾڻδŵͬʱֲ
¥ʮ˼VIPİǰȵ꼸ڵİ䣬Ϊ׵׳̧һصһһοĴߵҡҡ׹ûһ˵̺ϡ
ںͷļᾯ״ɵ䣺ܸ簡
ܸԼֵһһ⼸ٽĴҪŶ߲Ƕе㶪һˡһſزŰϣȻ֪аŰȳѷ졣ɨǰҵĳܸʳŨŨ
Ұ޽䶼ĸɾЩ
Ʋ񣬴һұͷ
ű߿ʱ קصơԼеСˣΪֺżæŵʯ˼ȵ䣬ԼźԼԷȴֲˡ
ؼǲϾͲϣظһ䣺Ҳȥźʯ𣿡
굱Цˡ
һѿסصĺ󾱺ؽ˰ϣصĶͷصһȥƵǹһЩĵĵЦ⡣үûͶϾѵԼˣҲûвֵʸ
Դͻһײ÷ΣصĶ߱Цͳʲô˼ӰҪȥźʯԣǱȲʯôõļŪҲһ仰顣˵ˣ㲻ҲʯԵĶǸļһˣ࿴һ۶Ը⣬ĻźأҪ֪֮ɣ
Ըоڷйŭ
룬ʯԵĹϵûôãڽӰ⼸ֵʱָҲ۵
ҧŨѪζͬʱƺſڣҾźʯ١
һ仰ٶȽõŭ
ղڸʱʯԶ̬Լ˻Ҫźʯԡ
ûסһƾôȥź˵Ķʸ㵱ԼʲôɣҸ㣬첻źˣ̫
һʧڴűߵĺȻС
걻һϽŤͷȥҲһۣŵ඼˶߰˸Ѹٳȫ˵Ļᣬקĸ첲һšҵʹһžͱһš
ڵүֱӱһ¸ŵһ£صڵϡ
ȻųмѸٷӦ߳ŭغţ֪֪˭ҪǸץңǵƣ
ܸһԾʱͷۣûطۣӹ˭ ץˣôҪŪҰⱾµҲ
˵һŤͷߴչᾯ죺ô
ᾯ˵ǻ㱨ģôһ仰ϵı黹Ǻ֡Ҳ֪Ļ棬һ䣺Ҫȥ֪ˡ
ܸرȤ󲽳Ÿȥƿһɲǣһ¶ĺ
ڱİõɨƣɨֳࡣ
ټİܿտȴЩɳһļҾ⣬ֻˡ˸ۣһſڵ̺ϣһֹŤţѪ棬ڽ˵̺֮С
֮ һλʡ
갲ɳϣֻϵƵܸ߹ȥʱ洫һʮģƶĶӰ彡ᵼ¼ͥ顪
ܸ磺
ܸһƵܿע⣬뿴˿ʣӵƵ˵˾ԵȣʮȥƬβ֣Žֻ
ɳվ¶޳ݵ塣
ϻ¥ɵƷ׳еøӺÿ 
ܸЩɵʵ㱨ľ
Ǵطģã˶ڽϺպЬս񻹲̫˽⣬ֻӱ˵Ŀ˵ÿһƣǰ˳ÿԲĻӦûϴ
ȻһʣͷţڵӦûǰһˣ
ܸ統գ
֣벻⹴˴漴ָָûϢʯԣĿ⻮һԵ꣬ŤͷܸˣһǰȽ¥йء
ܸһ㶣бȾŭ
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ƽպҹͻɨƵܿ촫˾֪ᵱʱһλ컹豸ڶͳȶȹѸٽõƵϴ˹ٷ˺ϣ˵Χۡ
[˵ɨɨǼǺүǲģ]
[ļٵģ]
[ҹɫĿ˸ߴңģֹǺүͷҹɫϰꡣ]
[ղݡôԭһֱ˵ҹɫĶġ]
[ҹɫڷǰҹɫĴǧǧÿһֲܿȻû֤ʵܾ=.=]
[ôɨƳŽȥǸƬηǹٷǲǲң]
ٷĶƵ˺Źڴ˼ɨȶȶڣ΢罻
ǰһϸոɨƽҹɫ⣬͸һװ׵ԱҲȥϰ࣬Դܵƶ̲꣬һϰƽʱ̲һĳϣһ̲һ߸졣
˵ٷųƵûиȺү룬ڴүǵĸƬ΢ϡ
ֻҵҲûб΢һһڹϴļǣʱ̵ҹɫɨеĴү ΪһʱעԵˣҲֻŲȽ˺ȦbushiĲ˵⼸ҿ϶ϴ
ҷֱĶүĺƣ߱˽ŶҹɫպĴϰꡣ
ˣ˵ץĻһλүݸţƣʯҵġΪ潱ġ
㽫Ѿյ̲豭һӣҿ۽ĹƱ漰⼸ҹ˾ǿĲҲ̶á
ѡ 뽫ϵ̲дȴСȡ
޲̨ͷɲǻá
㵹Ҳ޳˵ĻȥӪŵһݣǹʯҵġ
ϲӾӰ ׷ǵĺ˲֪ʯҵǹϾͷĳ̫ĴǡǰŮ׷һȽεǣȽ¥ǰŮļˣºعȽ¥ԭǰŮҲš
ǻ֪ʯҡ
ⲩ˵ʯҵүҲ±ʯֵķɲϣǼҸֿһˣӡкû˾
Ϻ͸뷨Ѳ
[ҿʯҵң㶼찡]
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[Ҿͼ˰ҵıһҪ༸찡]
[һʯʦ]
ǲЩۣɵһȻͷ㱬ϣڵѾˡ룬׳˸ϣ
𾯸ˣ羯ʯĳЩɱҪ۵ġ˾һǰĳΪƨܳ۱İɣ
ظһڹעѶһ¡
漴šĳǡ֣Ժðһ֡
ɴ۾ҿⲩ˵ĸòȽΰɣ֪Ƚ𣿡
Ȼ޵ġȻǸլУǶʱȽʵ̫ˣԹһϷȻ֪ԷͲһˣǾ䡰֪϶֪Ļðͷ˵رĳ֣֪
ޣ
ƺԵЩ˼飬һϣ֪ʲô˼㾹Ȼ֪ȽΣ
ܵ޵ĳ
ĬΣƫͷˣޱʣҲֹ֪ȽΣһ֪Ƚ֪࣬𣿡
޺͸˲۾һ
󲿷˶ǰԵģ޺͸Ҳһǰļɢȡ֮ŨŨ񣺡٣Ҳ̫ˣȽˣʯԲֹƨ¶ûУȥһꣿģ
ʹͷе㵣ģ˵Ǿ͸ұ¸ʯһأָʯ˰ɣ
ᡣ
Ļڵ͵õ֤ʵɹٷ΢ȷ˵ǽʯҵ˽ʯԴľ󣬽ʯǿȽΣŪȽΣȽλ֢¶Է¥ȫһ顣ʵΪȽμ˵ҲһҧȽΪܳ۲¥ĻشȽμյʯԸ׸
һǰȽεˣȦ·ٶȻصǶȷѪӡ
ǿʯֳ̫ʯѾ޷ΪʱкüȦڻѾȦǷ˳΢΢Լʯǿȵ¡
ǰʯҼҴҵʲôҲ˵ֻܽЩʹ븹УҹһһԼʯԡЩ£ЩõۻҲñˡ
̲صʱſһ֮Ŀˡ
Ƚƺ΢ʰһԼɴ·ֻеѪʧһɶһ˫۾ģǴˮ̳ĺڱʯɾ峺˫Ư۾
ʱ򿴵Ƭ˿̵ģֱʱžͷЦƬ޲
˼ˡȽЩسЦЦָȴе㲻ؽקס·
ûСº͵һЦʾ㽫Ŵø̸ɡ
лл
ļҲ󣬸ȽһְȫСɳϣڳˮӺڵˮݵǰΪѾо̵¶ȣмźȴ̵һһںš
ˮ;㿴ϵ𣿡
ȽǶûֻȻ޷ˣע⵽ʯԱһǰܱĴšʱ·С˵ġŮӴķ˿ۿģƤ΢ףģǿ޹һһŵ֮Ҿ˵Ƚβ飬Ҽĺܺáɵʱ˭ҡ
Եסļ򣬴üۼ価ѹǰˣȽȴû
ţȻ̧ͷա
Ǹ죬һǰ֮ججƮκ˻һ䡰Ƚκöİ֮ǰȻϲɵģպˮҪ²£
ҹȽζվڿյĽͷͷˮȴҲ޷մʪ·
ջ˼˵ͷ˵ˣлл
Ƚף룬Щܽô졣Ȼ֪ʲôݣԷȻǲǵġƫƫһŵʯԾ׼ףǵ롣
ÿɨ࣬𡣡һˮ¶Цݣȥô죿
ȽҽظĹˣȴӦþͻȥһȥظ
Ƚ˵ţɵһ٣Ҳ¶˼ֲ˼ʵҽ׿ڶ˵лл֮⣬
˵
֪ûע⵽ǰ滹икӣأʶһܵܡȽδȾŨŨıˣȴֺܿʧ֪֢ͣģǵõʲôϢԹյʯǰȥġ
ˮָһ٣˼
ֲע⵽Ǹصкӱֵе֣ھ콫үߵʱקܸ·ܽʣղǲ˵Ǹʯ𣿿ȷ֤𣿡
еΪʯԱ飬Ⱥܾˡ
ȽμһֱûΪûǸ׳кӣǵڼҵܵܣҺҼ˹ϵãܶʱǼ˯Էϵܺá
ȽεĸĸƫĺĵܵܣһֱĺܡȽʱҲɳںҹϳŵ顣ȽûΪھһҿţķصصңһ˯һҹ
ʱзȽȥ
ʱҲúܶԲһңЩѾĵ˸γˡ
ֱ죬ֱĽвڻȥ
ȽνģҾ˵Ϊҵȥİ䣬ˣܲܰæһ£
ġ
򵥵ֺ˳ĸοȽΣվЦҪȥһãȥֽһص顣
Ƚգ۾һ´ɳվ
Ϊ̫죬ϵˮѵһµ£еˮϡȽθոյľϲ֮ɫٿȻһ䣬æҵҪ·ȥ棬ȴһжͽȻ
Ȼһֻסݵеֵ
뽫ߣһԵĨĨˮ֣żֻǴһӶѡ
ȽΣ͵͵һ
ͻȻʶһ㡣
ȻĸܲⱲĶǺܺõˡغӼҸĸһֱ֧ķ˿ڵ롣
øɾͷ߰ɣʱһ꣬Ӧú㡣
*


47 
Ƚκ³ɼò̫һ, ̫ܳҫ۵չ⣬Ҳ޷չƸС
λŴʦʽ˺صˡ
뷿ӵһ·϶ԵüΪСģӱ߽߱ǽǻĽ, ˺ܳʱǿҵط, һߵ£ȵ, һ˲ص˼ǰ
ûбɴ, ֻǸͨϸе, ¿λؼҺһȺԼشȺСײ˱æǸż··ߵı껹Ҫȥƿϡ
ҸоȽκȻ˵, ߻ͷʱй⣬ЦЦɳҲԶǿ߹ȥ
ȽεȻûܾ
ɵǣںǰɳ·ϾȻһƷڹĸͬѧܶԷʲôҲ, ʲôҲ֪, ȽλǸһȲվǰ۾˵һ䡰þò
ȵ뿪, ͬѧЩĪ̧۾, Ŀ֮Ȳšָ˰Щ۵ĺ, ͷȥһԱЦ˵һ䣺ܾúڸҴк
ԱԶʱ˸ۣɵ, Ĳ˽°
ȽεͬѧЩ˼򴽡
ƽɳææµµ, һŽȥڴҲλ, ʣµſڴĶԴӵԺ̽һ۱㿴վſڵꡣ
ᾯգ۾һվ
⣬ⲻץѼս
ѸٴӺƹЦų֣ץŶðôʱ𣿡
Щô飬ЦŻش𣺡ûǻû°ɣЩǷһ¡
ûأӰࡣ˵ǼӰ࣬˵ֵʱǾȴûʲôԹߵǰܸڵİ칫ң㹦ˡ
칫ڵľæµúܣȽε߽شÿһ䴩ȴûпأһʱҲЩż䣬ߵܸǰܸЩ⣬ȻɵӺףȵȣôԼ콱𣿡
ԭƽıš֣˱仯
˫ڵ۾Ҳһһ
ûȫǮɱͷԣǵԼվһˣҲǵýɳΪ¡ֱܸԵãҽɨץߵǼһصģǵ𣿡

ܸԼôܲǵء
Сһʲ㶼ˣȻعǻش˶Է⡣
ڵõĿ϶شʱ۾ñܸͷĵݻҪš漴ʱû֤ݡʱǷϣʳǾܸ籩׵Ļ
ǻĻϸʯҵĴү֮ܽԷ𣿡
ܸǶְҵӣҲû˴ڽһСʱĿΡ
Ȱ˸ͨ͸ˣ߾
ܸջػ䣬Щ棺ô𣿡
ӦòǸģȽǹϵܺõֵܣӦΪ˽ӽʯԶȥҹɫ
ܸô˵ͻȻʶʲô˵ǻһֱùءǰսҹɫͱˡԭĻԵȰҰʡ
鷳ˡ
ˡ˵ԩˣ˵ŽʱΪڱءһΪΪ˵Ȥ
ܸԴûҰ⻰˵ڡ
Ƚڰ칫ڵ˶ʮӣֱ˰ظ˹
ϱȹµİӡѾɢָֻ˧ģֻλ˧εúܣһԵġһľ̲סļ򣬡СҲǵģһԣԼԼǸҵġԺ˵ȥ
ܸû仰ԾͺһҿһСʱĽûλСھ˼컹֪ɣʯ类ˣڲٱȹܺ˶ٱܶᣬⱲӶӼȥ
ܸȻźʵתúܿ졣
ھĽԺҲܲµ㶫
Ʃرļһ֪ͷţֵһεʯԻһǰһʵʵ˵¶ԼʯǰʵĻ죬ʯԱ˵ԺҲûпʯԵĻˣôԴԼĿı˼֡
ܸ緭˸ۣСͲ󣬵ӵͦ󣬵ÿû¡
رѵһ£תһ뵽ʯԶжѾϱ¶ЦݡһŰ칫ڵһȺææľ֮ǰ˲٣ллǣĺܸл
ܸ类ͻɿŪþȻе㲻˼ļľмֺЦˣʯԵȥоִģʱһĸл͹ȥġҾӦøлһ룬˵㲻ְҵġ
һ㶣Ťͷ롣
ȻͿ룬Ͼ볤ôÿ֮ǰʯԶˡ⼸żҲ뵽룬뾯ɨʵѾܿˣʯһֱǸ̶̵֪ʱûбóѡ
뵽ȽΣйȽεıӣֻϣúõġ
ԲҪٿ˲Ƚεĺ󳾡
ĴӦʩߡ
ϸϸɨ룬ע⵽Է۾ʱҹ˸ĵǹ⣬ؼһӻع֪벢δˡ͵һЩɻô֪Ĵ㡭
Ӷͷصɻҵò𣬾ͱܸߴŻؼˡ
Ƚμͬһʱ˳ȥվɳĴſڣͣ½Ų֣صض˵ллЦ˵˾䡰 ÿسһ£̶С̽ô֪ǹȥӽʯԵģ
⻰ЩСĹͷ
Ҳ֪ǲĴ
δڵһʱش⣬ֻǼ䣺ʱĻȥҼҳԸһе˵
ͻأĻתƣһӶûӦ
⣬ö˶˵ôȥԷأ
ǲﲻԣ
ıһ±±ƣüҴȾ˼ַĵ׾úЦ˼䣺ģǿǸˣұľԼȥԷֻǵ¸˵㲻ĵĻȸܾٷϢ
ǵϸ΢ĵǱ˴صһӺˣ֣ô鷳
ͬһʱ䣬վߵȽЩΣ֮ǰҽӽʯһΪжء
ûסЦ
ȻǶһ¸еʮ־Ҳ⣬ػǹԹԵظһ·ص˼ڼȽξصߣʵе㵣ԼϢӰأи֪ݵܹţƵڣȫûио
ȽαҲٵġ
˵һԷʵҲöЩһδγŽӴСûǳһ£̲סڣ㣿ô
Ҳ֪ǲǵΪȽϺЦصķ˵Ҳû˲١
Ҳ⣺㲻
мֵ⣺ҿǻģҪ֪ʲôûУղ·еʱ ͿȥʳģҸǸлҳ
Ȼˣôáȡ֡
װһ򿪣شҲĶˣιٶȲȵԱ㣬ٶԭȻδظ⡪ô֪ӽʯԵġ
һûʵʵ˵ҵġ
Ҹ磿գ۾ĸ簡
ݻͦģøҲмشСǹϵͲáǼøʹ۸ôΨһܵԵֻܵܰһȽΡ
صɻԺȻûпѯʣͼϸ׵ָһ㡣صкȻһĺȵɢȥϤ˾Ķ棬Ƚ̧˳·Щ˼سЦЦþòϵ·Ƶġ
أ
һ̵ȫ˶е۾һգգضһδˣ𽥿ʼԼǷҲÿġ
뿴һһ϶Żûķ ʱͿռ䶼ֵܡ
ͻأ޵һ룬˿ֻ
֮ǰ΢ţǼκܳ
꣬һʼǱտڲԣڱﲻסѻ˵ˡ
֮ϵݣǰʵ͸Ϣ֮ǰ̨һ£֪Ѳ˸ϵΪ¹һ»ǽ˰ȥεɨǡ¸ᣬе̲ˣԱǱҪˡ
벢δֹ
ޣлҪ˵ڳ̨ǸкƵаٰʮ˵һٶԳڳ̨ûнӵ֪ͨȥ˸Ǽ䡣
ޣǼֻιʳĹ㻹ڹѺҽȥʱиԵı仯Ϊ˻ˡ
ʼǵʱѾڻεٽˣڲһµʱ䣬ϵּεϢʧһɶ
ԣ޻ɻѡ⼸ֻٵιʳûн
֪˾úŵİٰʮֻеСĿ
ޣ֮ǰǱ߽ܵ飬һֱ˵˵ǲģҷ׼ȥץأ
Դӵ֪ʵԺ󣬶е𾴡˵ʱֵܱò̫ԣû˵ȴչֵ쾡£Ʃ֡Σ˺üҲûѶԷ ȥˡ
Ϣظֵúܡ
Դӳ̨һֻ֮ͨλãʱİ֣ÿָ˵壬ҹɫشšǰѳ̨Ѹ˵ˣû¶
˼˺ܾãոȥһ绰һͨ˪ϸһʵûϵֻһ˵ľĽɫ
֮ٵβͣûЧ
Ϊǳų̨һȥġ

ץץɡǶѾץˣٸʶ˽̶ȣܲµԷѾʲôˡɰٹҲµõκεĶ
ʼҵ̨Ѿݾˡ
ȻҲ뵽һ㣬ͷУ֪ˣھȥ
⻰üҵȻϵʽ㡣
ޣ
룺㲻ٻȴڼȥץɣ
ޣ
һƽļңƿţͷտҲҵ¹ҲֻҵһƤϵ ȥ׷ˡ
޽˲ʱ䣬ȵҶϵ绰Ҳûرڷڴ˰СʱȻòԸɻʱǼᵽĹֱɨ¥̨ĴקһµĹ
Ļɽλ
ǹվڿȽΣֿſڵ룬򼱺ڳϴ˰أ˲俨ǡ
ơ
ոǿֻһȽβôʾԷȥظˣû뵽ȴˣ
һʱ䣬ȫǡ군ˣҪϴǮˡ
죬˵ʲôȴֲ֪ӺοڡƺоĳɣɫŲ񣬼װûڴϵĹȽΣոò𣿡
Ƚ㶣ѸٷӦߵδԾߣƵһԣŹȻӦĻԡ
һһʶʲôԿһ˹Ӱ
Ƚɿء
֣¶¶ЦݣҲҪˣԺúչ尢̣ҲҪôðյ飬֪𣿡
صͷ
ڴ֮ǰȽξ͸˵Ĵ㣬֪ȽҪߡ
˿ŴһԣȽ˵ʲô͵ͷӦ¡
ȽԴЦᣬŶԵܵܵİݺ۰ղ˵ǵٸ˵һ顣̫ңʯԵѾԺúܺãǵðҸ尢̴
˵Ҫߣʵܶ໰ߣ߶߶˷˺ܶʱ䡣ȵȽ뿪ѾǰСʱ֮ƿһ¥ڻ̳һֻè幭ϵëըض
һ˰ ٲҾèҪ˹ˡ
ȽЦЦ˶˵èԿѰ˲ܿģҥԡ
һգʵܶදﶼˣղš
ȽΣתͨˣ¡
Ǿͺá
ֻܿ뿪С̤СŵʱȽӦƵģػͷƾŹְ˵뷿ӵĴſأԷһֱڻ֣ڸ
Ƚ۾
ûԼЩԺ󣬻İϲá
Ѿܾúܾûϳֹˡ
˻

Сڳⷿڡ
ջſڴ̨ϵ壬ͷ룺һǽ𣿡
ʵʵǣԼȽദʱ
뷴𣿡
̲סЦˣôܣҸ˽죬ôҶеĻ䶼ͣӸ¥һԾµĻ㲻֪ɣʱֳȥȴǰ˺ܶجΣҽ˴꣬һˡ
ҸҸľǽȥĲ֡ǰЩۿȽҽ¶ûиȽΣʵҲûиıҪţԹԵʵʼǱ˵˰ҽҵְҵΪǸҳȥˡ
ʵȻ
ɳϣ̽ԼʱСüʵǸ˭
Ӧòʶ϶֪صʯԵĸ磬ʯƼҵˣʯҵ롣
ʯҵҵصʱҲú⡣صУʯҵҲʯʯһˣôǾ͸һġʯҵĿʯҵ£֪ʯҵĸ׾ǱʯԼʯԵġ
ûҽҹɫ˵ǸܺõĻᣬΪʯҺкԸ϶ʯԡ
ʵʯҵ˵
Ȼ񣬵㡣س˳Ҳˣҵʱıֲ⡣
Ѿ¸ˡ۾
лл㰲οҡ
ȥʱָ˼ʯҵ롣
ʯҵ͵ʯԷʯĸĺ޲ضʯԵĺ٣ǵʯΪ˱סԼСӣ̫˼ʯҵ뻨˺ܳʱҲûҵ֤ݣͬʱС±ʯʯҵŽĿصϡ
ʯԳ£۶Ⱥȶ׵һ֡
˵ʯҵ飬ؽӵֵĵ绰˵Ѿܳһʱûؼˣʲôʱֱ˵ϻҶϵ绰Ժţ뿪С֮ǰ㻹ûشҵ⣬һǵýҸĻ𣿡
ƫƫͷڵڿǴڿ
Σ¶ЦǵãǾͻǵá
ûϵϲãıӰ
к͹ѡһȷʵǸѽ⡣
Ϊ˼ʱˣԱˡ
֮ǰѡ˹򣬽ȴ뷨
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ػصԺӭһЦĸĸͣͷѾЩףλǱߴЩһкܶĻҪ˵ӸʶѧУûĶССʱͻصһԼһ䷴ʣǲǺܺڵûѧУ̸
ճڣͱӴӳĸ˸š
ӸСİɣ
ʮƽĿպܰ
ֱԷʱؿԵλûһ꣬򴽣¶Цݣ裬μҸˣҸ˵ڹúܺãһʯץˣܿġҸ˵ǲҪ
Ӹĸһ㶣˶˿ӣĸζⷬȽʱͷǵɬɢЦʣμ˻Ǽμˣǹƭɣ
طۣôܡ
ӸԺӶһۣҲЦȻǾˡ
أǰɣһҸҲ֪ûǮ׼ȥǸظרɥƷҸ㡣
ӸаҸһȥ
Թȥ߻ڷӣ洫ĳﱾȽεļҡ
ȣԹ˲٣·ֱ˿̵˾˾öӲ徻һ䣺ʲôУûĵôû
Ȼ˵Ĳ̫õΧһ˵޳ɡ
һ׸ϻĴһҲʮ˲Ƥ
վԭ˺ܾãػصԼҡʱ˵ӦҪˣԺ󲻻лˡ
Ʋ죺ҶѣҾϣǼҲú
ĸȻһ£ȴûǴ
ΪҲôġ
ȽζһСôĸĸ
ȽұΧס̧ͷʱ ӵ޵ĵ绰˵Ѿץ١
ʵӦץ١
ܵʱ͸󣬱Ϊ߹ĵڶ޸ɽۣǲ붯ֵġϾץ٣ԷҲƸ߸ʡȺʵ̫ĥߴˣĥߴ񶼵Ȳȥһ־Ͱӵһ߽ˮ
޵Ļ㱨£Ƣȷʵ̫á
޵ǿˣûϵƢʱܸõĽ⡣
޻㱨ԺҶ˵绰ĪԼ˾Ĵ
˿̵Ŀʡֲ
޽ٹѺһķڣΧˣӰ㻺֣ոүƵһƨԭ޵ ޿һۣҲûж˵ʲôȥһ㶼ԷռԼλá
һ򿴵ÿοҪ١
ԸķܱȶԸҪϸܶ࣬ٵ֫ţֹߣ˫۶ͻأطһЦҵǴûĶȻйء
񣺡ǰǰҿҪѡһ촦أ鴦꣬ҾѡʱҲ˵㣬ԹԻشⰡ
ޣ
ĶĴְλ뷨
Ϊ񵱳˵ġ
룬˾ѣһŻһΡ
񣺡ԭѵҲһһΣ
ޣ
ٴĿɥĻ޹ѡתƻ⣬ʼѶ 
ϧǣ̨ʱȴһԡ
üʣ㵽˺ࣿЩûǵô£
û˵
ȴһۣĿˣаιѪôΪ˳Ҳ˵˵ڱʲô¡
еıһ٣̧١
ٻǸĬģ
µİʵеùˬüĻʣ㲻˵شҡ
֮ԼԼ˵ٴ˿ýеһжˣʵϵٿƲסҪʱ򣬴³ȴǻش𣬶Ѫ
زԾָ¿˺üҲûܲôġ
ٵĺһֱðѪֹˣۿǿסҲͬһʱŨѪ˳
͵ؿ񣺡ΪԼ𣿡
ҲţҪΥҲˣ˵˾䡰ɲ˵ˡ
Ȼһ䣬ϵѪҲˣںת
ô£üʵ
һһЦݣЩֲ˵˵ģֻҪǣҾͻҿǰԡ
ϵЦ𽥱óץʲôá
Ȼû뵽һ㣬һֻۣ벦ȥһ绰Դӵ֪ݣںܶϣϲѯ
绰ͨ򵥽һ飬Ӻһ̤Ѷҡ
ӹʱԷеľǿƲסˮ촽⶯ƺ˵ʲôȻȴǶҿǸô
˲˼Ҫ̨ܡ
ɲǼ䣬ŨѪζٶȴٵĿڱǶ˫ӵİ֣ԭ𾪵ĿɢҲࡣڳλܸоϵɢ
ѪһεڵϽ˶컨ٿʼءشƺһָ顣
Ų˶ˡ

ע⵽΢΢üģһ䣺Ҫˡ
վһ࣬ԹЩŨѪԺкܿڳ̨ǽϿĺѪҲ֪˶˲ŻôŨصĺۼ
ǹЦݣԵЩģûϵҲ˿ڣûû𡣡
*


48 
Ȼ⻰, ޶ûӦ
ȥעĿⴥ˫ûʲô۾ʱʶ벢ڿЦ
Ĳٵ˵, ʵ⿴ȥ
һ仰͵, ߵٵǰӸµǰ, ѪѾ˫һ˿۾żȻ롣
ζ벻, ԭȷġ
ֻݱĻҪӺܶࡣΪǾߵ, ȴδ
ǣʲôʱһôˡ֮ԴδϹϵΪΪǸࡣϵϢºǳ, Ψû׶
㡭
ٵֵͫٴλָ״̬
뵽ݣǵصĺڰȫ
ѪӿٶԽԽ죬Ժ֮ƺ˴Ѫݵ
죬˼ٶȵˣ̤һͷ··ĵƹһյյ, ǳӰӳ, Ϣ
֪˶ãͷ˵ɴ˫۶ͷ컨, ѾסѪδδڵءָһ, ٵͷصһߡ
˫ͫš
ˡ޸ɰͰ͵
ת뿪Ѷ, Ƥû̧һ£˾ˣȻ
õġ
ϵ𾪱ֵ̫, ǵ񶼶࿴, ֱֺ鿴ȥûʲô, ҾѾܿˡ
𣿡
ɶԷ֪ʹĥϵѪɾˡ
𣿡Ʋ죬ûôǵģʱҾֳǱŰø࣬첻ӦеصزģҲûŰ֮ǰҲ˲
º͵Ĳս
Ȼŷ֣ȫ
ޣ
ǵʱ1802ıʱǵߣֻΪǸҵģĹ
ȶֵ밡
޻ڸпȴѾس޹˹ָȻӻһӳӭ޳ɻĿ⣬Сȥһսǰ۾˵ĲôҰǿйսٵĴŶˣҪҪһ𿴿
ޣ
ⲻ൱͵İԣ
̫ðɣ
ò̫׵ҡͷͼѾһҳ룬ãһҳ͸һйأ
ޣʵҾÿҲû¡

޺ѶڿһСʱİԣһҳЩδȵֱ۽ǵɨ͸˵ٲʶԼղŵΪжס
Ҫô˵е㱾¡
ƾһַ֮Ӵ
ٵʬιԶɽڹѺѣȻһصƽļҡ
붼࣬ҹʱúС޵ʱڿţﱨʯԵ飬ҲڱϿһȻеﲻס ô¶Ҳָоܻ˵Ļƺһܴıͻ൱ֻ֪пըȴ֪ըʲôطȡߡ
кβ¶ġ
𣿡ü
Ȼôץ١뽫ŵͣƫͷֻ룬޺绹еƵģ˶һȳ֮»ǻ˶ӳȵЦЦջĿ⣬˵óӦúš
Ͽ˵ģٴôʬȥιʳ⻹ţ
ֻǣھһ֮ĻӦþͻˡ
ԷޱȽôųըͱøѡ
̾һ
ż밲ο룬һǴʲôʱʼģ˵ǿըʲôʱµġǧ֮£ֻ㳢ͨʳѪԼΪǰΪֻǸںȻãЩصʱͻ󡣡
ޣ
Ҳݡ
Сһ
ֹţ̲סʣһǴõأ
ҲкüˣŲһʱ䡣¿ת˻⣬˵ҵи㡣
ʲô
ݣװǸͨ࣬ںŪˣô
һ١
ָܣǲǾͽ

ûǶܳʱ䣬뿪֮ԵôСֵҴܣһߴܻһ߾ȵۣô̼ǲĿȥѡĴ
ֻΪģһû֤ݡңΪʲôͽ㵱ѡܳϹϵ
һֱ׳λδԼĵͽʶ⻹ʲôϽλˡ
û뵽Ǹ߼
ʵ֤߼ԸţͽܽһֻҲʲôɥĲɡ
룺
㾹Ȼ֪ɥĲ
ʱ䣬º͵ٵʮ꣬Գȥѡ
õ϶Ӧʣϲ̵ܵһȥľѡݽˡ
мΣϰҲ
ڶյطϢԷҪȥظרɥƷȽɥƷȥһĹ԰ҪҪһҲ˵һӦˡ
ŵңغ·ߣƶ̲ʱһأŸءһ߸˵ллһ߸²ۣҰ˵ҲҪģ˾ʱе£û취
ҺܶǮԼֻЦ˵ҪȥǼҵ궫ܹǮ
һ£̫֪ɥƷƷ۸񣬲ȷʵĶˡϾԱһ࣬ǵĶӦøһ㡣
Ͱһ̲ˣ۽ǵɨŵԭΪԼȵġѰ˼뻹̲ͦģһ²ȡˣ̲ȴ˿ƺԼȡ
̲Ǹ˴𣿡
ͷɥƷϰԱġ
ô˵ЩûӦʣǸǴ̲𣿡
룺ҪȻԣ
˵ԣȵɥƷ˶û¶ɥƷֻзһڣԷŸü΢΢һת˺üȦȻ룬û
뽫е̲ݹȥشģ𣿡
̲裬ҡͷ»ϼˣ
һ̲ûԼȣû̲ˡ
ڣأ۰Ͱ͵վţϽкҲ֪ǲԼĴܾԼһ̤ɥƷɭɭĸоһϷ񣬶Էеףǳơ
ܿؾԼ˵Լ
ѵģϰǮģϰƾʲôơ
Ͽڣϰ壬˵ĶܺãҸֽǮ𣿡
ɣԤ㡣һۣﶼղŽصһ䡰λҵһѡźûʲôرģڡѡ֣ص̬Ȼ㲻ְܾظؽܣŽǮ࣬һӣȽζһ״һӣһЩɢɢè֮С
ѡèʱ򣬷ָżֿʽһɫıȽףɫġ
ҲѡһҲðɫĺãеżǰҺҸһֻͺܴĲżȥˣֻ׵İɡ
ȥѡƷʱҧûסյСʵɫèıȽº𣿡
ΪýϢڵǻϿŲɫڵȴ΢΢һ¡ܵȴζǰֺһֱײ
ȻԼʲôʱŵζһʱ벻
ֻܵͷš
ûԾȵı飬һ
ʵиܼҺıɫèеˣڰɫģ롣
һ۾Ϳ˭˭
ֻƺ̫ãת˻⣺ҹɫ˵ˣҹɫˣôģҪǵ𣿡

һ¿˷ϵıԵЩ˼顣
һֱǵ÷˵ˣҰڵظרɥƷƺҲ̫ȱ˵ӡ
ţ˾䣺Ҫйˣһ˲𣿡
Ҵ㿪ֵ꣬عȥߣԿܻҪһԱǻû滮㡣
Ĵм⡣
תһ룬÷뷨ҲظרɥƷΪƷãҲܺãȫҲʱȥһҷֵꡣӶĻԵò̫ʵԼҲ컹ȥ̲أɥƷĿʱҲǰ죬ͻ
һ£ԼĹ˵һ飬ֵżļƻû£йҲһʱ
һûٶ˵
˿һĹ죬˴ԼиʮӣڽеĶˡŶѻǰССĶҲ֪ǳʲôԭ򣬶ص̬ȱûԺ˶٣Ƥһƣۡ
۾ٿһĿѸͰŵ̲豭ϣͷ롣
ȻʲôҲû˵뿴˼ǣҿȻܴۣţ
룺
Ķ࣬Լòȥĵظ֧ͻţҲ֧ķáڸ߼VIPĴڻؼҵ;Ҳ಻ס飬ҪԷ
۸ʡ˺öǮԸҲְ
ЦǲҪǮ𣿲͵ûۣ
дʣʲôô룬ǵڰһٷѽҪʵڲ˼ҾԸ򵥵ģвƽм̵ζɺˣ˼ζǡ
ܾص飬һȥˡ
Թ緹ֽ͵·ڣƵߡ
صʱɳֻ΢ȦʾһССĺ㣬㿪һͷһƬڣǵͷǷ
Էѯʣó
Ȧ̬ǽһԵ̡
شζܲζܴ̼
ûٻأֱСʱյ˷ҲȦĶ̬һ̵ƬԼ֣

ڶ磬Ϣ
ԼȥȽڵĹ԰
Ĺ԰ƽߵĴĹ԰ƽľȥԺĹλȽĳ¶صĸĸΪһĹأүүıϡ
һӦٻĹ԰֮Եᳵ·
߶߶ضĹ칺ɥƷվһ߰š
˵ÿڸЩɥƷҲȫԺŰݡҪ뿪߲ⴥԶһӰȻһ£
˳߿ȥ
Ŀ֮һվſڵˣȥʮ£Ű׳㣬ϼ۾һӢɡһˣɨ˵֮ʶ˵ݡ
ʯҵ룿Ŀбĳ֣ջĿ⣬ѯء
ؾһ£Ҳܲµõ
룺ʯԺеǱӺһ顣
ʯܺʯԳģʯʯҵ롣ͣʯҵ֮ⲻڶѡ
;ûʲôëԼСˡϽӵһ䡰ҹȥθһ¡
û뵽ǣʯҵ벢ġ
̧̧۾żܹأ˵ͷѯһ䣺û°ɣ
ĵⶼˣ⻰ǲеˣҲ⣬ʯҵĺǸȡ裬ضԣʯҵӽʯԵһҲ̤壬ʯҵԣȴˣ
ȥӽʯԡ
ҡҡͷʣô
ʯҵ΢ЦҸˡ
ԽصĿܻԶϡʯҵϵЦºֶͣزһ 
أ
룿
ʯҵʲô
ǻصԺʯҵ룬ٻͷ룬Ӻףһʱ֪˵ʲôֻĳһ䣺ʯܺθʶ
ʯҵջĿ⣺ǰʶʶˡ֪ܷæһ¡
أ
ʮӺƽһҿʯҵԶԺ뿪ˡʵе㵣ĵģϾʯҵĪеֵֹġһ뵽ݣʯҵ϶򲻹롣
ǱҲİõˡ
ڡ
ʯҵȣһݸ롣߲۾£޼ɵع۲١Ǹúܺÿ꣬ϵϢ˸еޱʣѹλܻܵϡ
ʯҵζصЦһ̶ڣ֪ʯԱ֮ǰڵķֻһˡ
װТ˳Ķӣĸǰȥ̽ʯԵʱʯҵģ˼Ѿ֮ܳΪˣϵͲ˵Ҳգֱۺȶֱۣ۷Թۣ屻ϣڴϿģ̶ܴȵȡʯҵ롣
ͬʯš
ʯΪǾѶʯԶ֣Ժ־ǵʱʯԿϵǸ˸ɵġʱҹɫ˶ӣڵļԱͱఢ̶¥ߣһ¾ܲµõʯԶϵ˭
ʯԼ԰ӱͽһǻŭܸзйĵط㶢룬ҪϷͥ
⻰޿ ǳӵ˵˾䣺ɱ˰ɣǵ˼أɳϻȥˣֻһǶ ˵ˣȽΣӾ͸˷ιһ顣ʱѵˣôԼӰĵ
ʯһһ˵Ǻ죬ȫûǱ߶
ʯҵʯ󣬽ּ
ʯҵеĿȣʵҵĸףҲʯԵĸ·֮ȥҹǰΪʯʽĴʦʦʯ֮ȷһ飬ʯԵǱŪģ͵͵ȥҹɫİ䣬ȷֻһǰĶ
밲ţüԣʲôϵ 
ϵҾûô򵥡ʯҵ΢ЦʵҺ֪аʲôĽɫԸ𣿡
ָϣʯҵⷬ˵ⷬΪе˼졣
ûڵһʱشʯҵ⣬Ǻһ䣺ԸǴĶȾôŨĹ𣿡
ʯҵǸˣϵĹŨľ
Ŀ⿴źܸɾҲܴ⣬ʯҵϵĵȴ̧ͣۿ룬ںУȻЦˡֻЦݿȥЩΣĻҪôǽаݵĽɫҸҵܣΣ
ȥǸ⣬ҴӦ
ʯҵƺ⣬˿ڣʯҵֵôӦÿʯҵһЩšҵĸףҲʯɵԭ䣬ǱʯɺСġʱȽ⣬ҲԳˣ׵ʶŵǿҺĸ׿һ
Ӵ˶ ʯҵĸڻ֮ûɢһֱʯҵߡ
ʮꡣ
λһ׹˵ǴŲᱻӰ졣
ӦģĸҪס˵ĵط
Σˡ
̫ܲЩʵкܶ취Ūһңûôˣȴҵľĸ׵ɢ
ԣЩ뷨ȫϷֶʯһҸۡѣʯҵûз
ηʯҵЦЦĸ˵Ƚεı£ϵʯԡ
ʯҵĸ׺Ʋ⣬һǰʯΪʯҴʦǶ֪ʯҵֳĦȻصĸ׵סµıĸױоʣԿɼλʦı¡
ҲܲµõȽε³
ȽӹһѾʱһֻԽԽЩ顪ʳĶʳľ
ȽûС
ʵʯҵĸżȻȽһΣԷ뿪̫죬ʯĸҲûˡ
ܹȷһ顪
ȽξͿŲסˡ
ڣȽβֹסˣŪʯԣȻ˼顣
ʯҵͽת룬ʯԺȽΣΨһڳˡ
žôʯҵһڿȡ
ѡĿܰƬֻһˣԱͷԱҲӰµõԭΪ֮ǰظҿʯҵԼġ
벻̫ȿȣºܣеĿһδǽɫСһֱζ
濴ȥˡ
ȴ̧۾ЦһʯûһִٳʯԵ³ڿ̽Ժ󣬾Ϳˡ
һʯҵһˡ
ҾӦòᡣʯҵȽΡ
ʯҵ뿴Ӧˡ
϶һˡ
⻰ҲڣңҵĿĿԸˡ
ʯҵ۾һ
µĹȻû
ԭڿȱϵָϣΪȭͷһңǱĿȻγһ㣬ȴ⡣
ʯҵҡ
*
ʯҵ
غĸס
ǰʯ½λʦ뵽ʯңʦʯҵʱúڳӶ࿴ۣʯɵһմ̫Ĺ岻á
ʯҵ뵱ʱоԾֻʦֻ˵ôһ仰ת˻⣬ʯ̸ʯԵ顣
ʯҵΪԼйͷڶʹӶ˵е֪ҹʦںʯ鷿̸ʱἰνĹֱָʯҵ֣ϵĹ̫࣬Ҫ죬ж
ʯɵжȻôʦæ
ʯҵܸоõеĲʯɣǴʦ
ʯҵԭô˵ģǴʦ˵㲱׹ӿź죬ɵıûǴĻӦиãԵԹ԰ɣ
˫۾ôʯҵ룬ȴ΢΢һ¶ľЦݣҺ֪׹˭ġӵ׹ӵˣںܶǰͲˡ
ʯҵôҲʯϹ˼̳꣬Ҳ治ɫһ䣺˼Ҳ̫˼׹ڴѧڵ̯ġ
һ仰ȫǻԡ
ʯҵȻʶȥλʦΪʯʱմӹһûȥĸףϵĹɢΪʱǳȫϵϣԷȻҲûܿ׹
һ͸ñʦˡ
и㷲ʯҵҵĽŲЩӲǿżװƽҴţ߽ȥ
ȵŽգַ·𱻺ˮΧвɢ
ҳɣ뵽˼Ƶ롣
ڿɳϣ۾ϢԺйʯҵ¼˼ȴûͣ¡
ú˼һǣ
ʯҵԳ
ڰʯΪͬš
ƿصţҲô򵥡
뻺۾ҹĻз·ǻóֻҵ΢ţѯʣʲô
˽ϵΪæڶԷæʲôǲ̫ȷ
ԱҲֱӷྡ
ظϢٶȺܿ죺ơôʱңһϲţڻؾĸϣ
̲סЦã㣬ҪǻĻͺðܶˡ
㣺
룺˵
㣺С
ص˺ĶԻŷʮǰطϢѯûУʯҵû鷳˵Լո·ɥƷϰ壬ƤԷ䣬Էôֻһˡ
֪ҪȥĹ԰ġ
ʵش𣬽ʯҵԼȥ˵һ顣
أʱƶ̲긽Ҿ˵Ҫȸ̲裬̫ģ˵˾䲻þˡ
ؽŸп˵İ׵롣
*


49 
뱻صĵ٩Ц, ؼ򵥵ԼȻܹԲʱĻ档
Ϊ˰زҪ⣬ظϰֻʱ鷳, 鲻á
أҵǲôá
Ҳû˵
°Ͱֻ, ԺлһȥɥƷĻ档ؾǷϰͦãղſһԺ, ͻȻʶԼʲô
˭û¶Ϊһ̲۰
صҵ˰죬ŻݵĽǿλ, ٱ̲ˡ
, ۵ԭ̲𣿲ǣǸˡ
벢֪ص뷨ͶԷ֮˳΢šԹ緹Ժȥƶ̲, ԼٵһѾˣ翪ʼϰ࣬һֱϹص꣬ʱպá
뵽ƶ̲ʱøϿʱ ޺һԱæýŲմأ״Ͻϴִ·, ְæϵæ˶ʮ, ǿϢʱ䡣
޳뼷˼۾·, ҽһʱϷˣһ, ʱ, ˵ǹȽæȻܴߡ
Լ, е⣺û뵽û뵽, Ȼ, ߵʣˬ
˵Ҳı飬Ⱦܡ
һλմӺ߳Աֻ޵Ӱܵһһһ飬ûü²ۣͼ̲ſڶ˸ˡݡ㡣
Ա٩ҹɫ֮ҹèҲڸİˣ
㷭˸ۣҾ㰡٩ʧҵԱСİ򡣡
ԱСҴҾҶ󡣡
һԱõԼǱ̲תˡվԭؿеıӰҧгݣȻһŤͷע⵽עԼӣÿζвңԼŮѡ
ʧЦʲô
ƶ̲ıⲻǺ̲裬ྵġΪ˳ྣ֧һ̲⡣̲һԵĳ£˺ܶĻҪ뽲
ȻҸոұ٩ʧҵԱҵõһϢ
˵ʱ򣬸ıģԸõߴ٣ٺһЦش𣺡˵дϰҪҹɫ
ϢȷʵЩ⡣
΢һ罻Լصİ¥۲˼죬ҹɫȺڵѲ࣬˶ڿҹɫЦȻҲһҹɫɵĳͿأֱûطȾƾˣ˧綼ˣɵƷҪɫ
ʱ˴Ȥ˧绹򵥣ָ·ƶ̲꣬Կ˧绹Խƾĺ̲裬ֱһá
뵹û뵽ԼҲῴԼ֣˳̳
ǰ쿴ŵʱûע⵽ϰĴš
ѽմ֪СϢ˵ϰʯĸ磬ʯҵ֪
룺
ֹ֪һȹȡ
еʯҵΪҪ̯ӡ
Ĵ𰸴ҲֻжԷ
ıǾȣԼİԵõ˷ãת˵һ飺˵Ǽģɸͱȥ㻹ǵǰǸ𣿾СϱɧǸ
뵱Ȼǵá
ǵø㵱ʱ˵ҪҲŹ硣
ʱûʲô£ؿһ̨ϣ˿ˮʵ˵𣿡
԰¶ɣҲ̫ʹƺ뵽ʲôϵЦݼסôţˣͷ죬źȾƣҲ֪ȶ˻ʲôһֱ˵ԼˣȻ󡭡Ҳײˡ
룺
㣺ģȥǱصİ¥ӵġ
Ӹóֻ˰¥APPָһ㣬һ۱ע⵽ƮϷ滹һС־ӣȻǸ£һӦҲ°ɣôĳɧű׶󣬽ڱͷߵײȣ
1Lֻ˵ײ
3L˵ҵľ״̬ҲôˣļٵģģİоǼٵģϣġ

뿴գ۾ôɺϵ飬벢롣
ıɹŪ˰ɣ
Եĸ̹ˣ٣ûеطйɲﻵˡȥһʱ䣬˿ˣҲû룬ֻߴֻ̧̨ǰļϣͻȻһ漴̲סЦǰǼҹɫ̲֮迴˧˰
˿ſ̨ǰæ̲ĺȻǸģɵ͡
ݣΪ׵Ҳɬ󷽷ⲻ˵ˣλʦҲְɡ
˷ͷӦ͡
Ǻһߵġ
һСʱ̲ٶȻָ˰㿿һ෭ԼϵƯƿæúܣҲûʲô½ƯƿAPPһٵʮƯƿһظ
үȷѶǱ̬ɧſ
룺
ü΢΢һĵ[ү]ôöⴧأ
ǻķøʲôһôƵĻ˼
ԭ㲻ʹ˽ظɾ뻹Ǿ̲ˣ˵仰ǹϻظ˺ܺã㲻Ҫ㴧ˣⲻò
Ǳ[ү]һ仰Ӱ飬뷭ƯƿҲûȤ
ֱһСʱ΢ŵʾȥߡ˳΢ţԻϳһȫµƣﻥȺ
ѯʣտҲĻһ˶ʺţʺŵոջڿ佱ˣ
ȺĵĴ˸٣˸λҸո֪һϢҸǽȻûˣ˸޶գ⵽üҸȥоһգһǧ飬ѽܻܸһǧܻģֵҪҪһŹһ
룺
Źֵؿ۸ͷ񣬼Բ˵⻰ʱ㵸ģ
ǡ
ٶȻȺĵȺѱ
Ƿ
ôһһҲ֪ݵӦǹɵλյģ
ȻҲʶһ㣬ʺһ
״æҲңĲҪе⣬ĸܻݺܸߵģ
뻺֣ûĸ
ֱӣڱһҳ
㣺
˴ʱ˿̣ҲʶԾˡ
ǲһСĴλ ˵Լֱ᲻һǧ飬̽Եһ䣺ҪǵԷ
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˺һ๷ҧס˻ǾƤëݺһ˺ƬƤմѪ๷븹С
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ʯҵʶŻ˺ѹҲסӦڼΪγٱ̽㣬ˡ
ǾҪлԶˡ
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ԶȽεȺ, ȻҲܽӼȳ
ʯԵбŷǿҵϲɫ
ԶҲ֪ȽԭصϢ, Ǻܺ浱ʱ׷ʲôصʯұȵʯΪ𰸡
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ΪԼҪˣʯҵ룬Ȼ롣
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һſʬǣֱʯԵǰ°͵ÿָ˲ŲһʱɣǲǻŻָԺҪôô˵αأҪǲʯҵ鷳ͲᱻǴħͷ֣ٻܶ졣
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ղһֱҪ˺ҧҲˡ
Եʯҵ롣
˴Ǳǿײ׹һܴİֱ¶м۵˺ۡù죬ʯҵ޻ˡ

һ˴ӵӰԺ뿪ޱʯҵ룬ſſʯԡ
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࣬޵˼ƮеԶ

ʯҵ볹֮󣬿ųõǵûʲô仯ģǸѳˣҲɵúۿ
һ˲˽Լı仯ұʯԵ˴ǱߺʯԸ˵ԶѾȥˣΪˡ
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˫۶׹ֱؿãָȥ׹ı֮иܵ˼¶ȡ
ʱһһعȥɿ֡
ʯҵЦЦʮǰŵʦңӡʽ׹Ҳһ顣
Ǹ¶
ǶʮǰңһͰ񵽵ġʱССһɫף΢ֻСèٹСʱͻϢͰٹһҹͻᱻͽ
˵ǣңӷ
һ쳤ңӺܿ췢ԼСͽܻǸйֵʡŵԣʲô˵Ĵ¡ĲϾ͹һ׹
׹һֱҳ꣬Ҳ㿴룬û´ĻλʯԵԶԭӦҵʦ塣
ڳĶǴˣ˲Ͳ׽еһؼʣ
ԭ
ҲǴˣһ˵ıܲµõʲôʮǰʦĺûԶ϶ʦʧ٣ҪѡʱҲȽ⣬ʦ͵ĳǶ޳Զ飬ΪԶһ
գ˸ոճС
Ȼҵʮˣҿ϶ʦĽ׶䵽аοԶƤʦⲻҾߥһȺˣλǴҲʶұϾʦΨһĵӣòƹңҪ˳һ ұԣ˭Ӯ˭
ô϶Ӯˡ
Զ衣
˱Ծû˳ĽˣһʱʲһȺ뿪š
һʱЩ꣺ʮû˵Զˡ
ȻιʱֻԵҲδི˭õһճԣҪһȺסһôѵ顣
˼ؿۣʮܼ̳ţضڹӦúо顣ԺѡɹǿԸúһġ
ѽ
ûע⵽ɵֵĶ
ʯҵһĬĬ̧ȴȻӦԼ۾ʯԵĽ¡
ֻܸĳӣȻп
˭뵽ԼͶҽҵ룬ҵ˸Уһŵ
ֱ˼顣
ʯҵ뻹أԸпȴѾǸĶʮ겻ҵȥġ
*
һշֳ
˼ԭǴ޺ʯҵĸװٺõģȥԶڶǳȤҪ˼ƨɺ棬΢飬Լһ˴ʯҵͳˡ
˳ʶʯһ뿪
һͷ
һֻλʱԵøֺļӱģ붼࿴ۡⲨ̬Ҳ͵ʱò뿪ڣͻᾡؽ͡
Ʃ㻹û㵽ʲô
յߣ£ʲôͲ¡
˵Ȼ˵˵û˵ô̵һ仰ȷʵҲеɻ󶼽ˡ
ΪˣԺйͬԣϵദò
ΪˣԽЩŲԵʵ
ǸˣȥѯȻˣǹֻһζĶҵʱڴ·Ͽ;ر𣬿϶ʲôͨˡ
˵пһôСҿı¶еʤ˰ɡϧͷӲˣȻ϶ο
زе˼ʮʱ䣬ʦûл
㣺ûء
Զ˵˵ΪҪΪŵҵĽڡңʮ궼ûЩνĺͻȻе
ѡȥԶĿ֮һѯңӵ䡣
ȻǸ˾ˣϵķֽĶ࣬һϣܵٶȸ죬ֱڵӾ￴вࡣͷԼϱ˵ģҲš
㣺
ûע⣬㼷ߣѹúܵͺܵͣʲôݣôź̫ӣ
۽΢΢һ飬ǷҪش
˵ܽ޸ɽڶι۵˵
ֻܵԼҪʵ˵ˣõظеһǧɡ
ȷʵ̫ã򵥽䡣
ȻϿˡܳܵۡĻɡ
û뵽ǣһ仰ʶǵǲҲԾѡһ޸ɽ۰
룺
һ£޸ɽ۲ǿѡģ춨ġ
֮»Ըʵһ㡣
ź ǵظʲôǿԿѡ𣿡
Ҳе㲻̫ȷ
㣺ǴУû˼
һ·ྺ˵˵ȻҲִܿʯҵͳƽסıΪһﻷľƫƧΧǴƬֲһۿȥȷʵʺϳݾס
뼸Ǹչȥ˴˳
ʯɡ
ϵʯɴΪǰʯϵĶ࣬ʯλܵĸֲɷáƵ˼ʱμıͽĳЩҵҵ׶α
޳ָڿһ㣬ܿԼǰһܱܱתۼɢڿУӰգ۾δüѯʣ㿴Ѿֺڵǰ
󼸲ٸϣ·ʱ˳קһ¡
Ŀɿڴĵôŵ
ȵʯɵǰŷʯ˵شŵ绰˴ˡŶ˼һǰ͸Ϲһ
Դת뵽ǲ㱡
Ŷݡ
еĻҪһ㡣
е𺳺ܿʯɵͨݶɢ
ʯصߵֲԺ룬СŻͲо˵ʲô˵һ顣
˵ͦʵĶСһŮԵø⽹ԲˣҲϵϡ
ö˶˵ôϵϣԲӦڴ𣿡
УŮͣ˼룬̶мֲɤ˵ҪȥǸ ҾϸԸˣ˭֪ھȻϵˡҡ
һ仰˵ÿĿİмζ
ʯ˽ⲻԼţ˵⸱ǻʲô鵣ǵԲ֧֧ġ
ʯɼǹڻһԶ̬Ҳûж٣¿˵
Ů¶˾ģ˱۾ϵϰ֮ȥһ˳ӰԺſš
ʯɵɫӰԺԺٿȻһ䡣
ָս֮󼸺Ҫֻ飬һһֵʣ˰ԣ
绰ͷŮΪδڣʯȻ֪˴𰸡˱۾һһ䣺û˷֣´αӽȥιҰ޵ľˣ
ðɵؽֻͨʯŤͷͳűߡһ·߹ȥԺ뷨
ʵʶԶŽӴӰԺЩ顣
˵ǾԶܣᡣ
вõԤģʯҸԶڽʵ߽Զ۾ɳϡҹûʲô˵ıԵøտԶʯ΢ִٵĽŲ۾
Щɨֳ俴ŵĲԶһ
һЦŵŮˣĻﱧ߰Ķӡ
ϧˣ޹Զڡ
յʱûˣڶϢȴŨԶ֪Լٲᱻ¶ԸûĹǰõϢ뿪³ˡ
˷СʱȺ
û뵽һֱҹǹδ
ԶҪ뿪ʱͻȻԼǰƺֵʲôףһǿһ˹Զݵصһҽɳ
ͻһĻ˼ӰԺʯһʶķӦȾܡ
Ȼܵſֱһ˻
˿̵ԶҲڷԼؿڳһĽӡ
˺ǲǵİүƵñǿ׿ԶȻòԾǿһգս󺰣ܳ㣬㲻˵ʦôôᰡ ϸƤģȦС⻹Ҫۣ
߳ĿԶʱûԷеľ㵣ƲƲ죬û˵˵һ㣬ǰʦʦȻͲһ֣ȥˡ
꣬Զ¶װģЦݣþòǰʦ塭ŶֱӽԶɡϸһ㣬Ҳʮδˣû뵽ԶԽԽȥˡ
ҲŴսһƣͷ޳˵ıˡ
Զϵı飬ֻǶ۾ʵô
ôﰡָָԼıӣЦеģ°
Զ
Զָ̣һŷֽѸ˳ȥ
һ׼ȷϣССĻɫֽ˲ȼճһ򣬴ϵĺͬʱķֽ㡣
㷴ӦѸ٣ϵδժ£ѸŤһߡ
ͬһ̣ŵķֽҲӿڴ˳һŰڿУָһƣŷֽһͷ˹ȥ
һǶԸԶģһžˮǸġ
ѾԶݣȷʵͬһţֶκͶһģһ
ӳȥķֽЧҲࡣ
뿴ȥҲûһˣƫƫ˻Ŵ󻰣۽ǲܿƵһ˸һ
ѵڹȥȻϸϸȥֻԶͷ˼
룺
óֻˢȦ֮Ŀ˷Ȧ͡
˳Ƶ˸ޡ
ûӺ󣬷Ϣˣû˯
̧ͷۻڶˣš
ϰ壺ش˵еزϰù㡣
Ȼ⻰ܳô
ϰ壺ҲǱ͵ģǳԲꡣ
ĵȻ˺ܺãǸ[ү]ⴧƺɧžǹ֡
߶߶˰죬ȷʶʱ䲻磬˵ʱҲٴ̧ͷ
ûꣿ
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51 
Զмֲµζ
˶˴, ϶˺ۼԶǱĺ뱻һѻ˸ɾԶ˷Ӧٶȹ죬ʱʣĺӴ°ʹ, ˿̱ȼյľƤ
ĺһ, ϵĹ㱩¶øԡ
ʮµˣһϸ۵ñСʮʦֶҪᡣ
񼸺˲Բ۾ܳ, ôˡƤϵǲǸʲôפ
ԶЦһָһ̯, ŷֽ볯ȥʱͼߴչȥ뿴Զ, ;ײһһ㱻˸š
㣺Ⱳûôѣÿ
񣺡
ԼҲ, Ͻܵһ߲ٴ㡣
Ȿڲʮ֮ͽĴ򶷣һֻͲˡ
ŲͣȴȫƲסԼ졪
ôϸ˭ܼܲӴһ㣿
ƤϵǲǹƤӻʮϴүӣ
ҿ׷򵽾ˮЧҲ̫ÿˣɵļֱɾ, һֻ¼Ƶ, ˵Ժܳ졣
㱾;ԶϵѶԸЩΪԼ, ʮǱʦΡԶ¶Ұʱ, ֪Լңӳšһǰѧɫ, ڷࡢȷѧ޵桪
ЦĽ߿ûôŬ
˿̶Զϵ, ʶԼ˵㡣ԶϵȻʮǰ뿪, ȴԽԽǿ, һַ֮˾̾
֪ǣӦԵʮСģƫƫֻ˶һֱͣЪˣеԹ϶Ҫըˡ
һŷõĽԷ׼ȷطɵϣͻȻԼ߸ƵģҪȴǿӲǿн˺ϣ۽΢΢һ飬˸ۡ
ûһ׷ۼĴƬ׵羡Զ˹ȥƫƫԶҲǸ֮ˣŷֽһοķȫȫԼڷڣͷëȻž
׵ʧҲһͬʧ
ԶվǰмЦΪʮʱжһҲˣˮƽųҲ군ˡ
ĵÿµʱ򣬺Ƥæȥƣۣ͸ſˡ
¶Цݣʲô ˮƽã뻹иأиƨ㡣ʮǰɥ֮Ȯһͷ뿪ô ˾ܵʮǰһвˣıƤûѿأ
һȫԶѿɫ
Լŵı򿪣͵شͳһשȵķֽЦһеǷֽ㲻ɡ
񣺡
룺
ԶϵҲû뵽Яôֽ
Ȼ
ձҲΪ˲ģ֪ʯҵϵĶϢжôŨܲµõǶѾã˵ѶԸҲһѷֽ
ֽԶϵĵ˳
㣺١
ۼҪٿһֽ֮ĶԶ˺ܾûڵƮǰһ˺ϵĽԷ޿̵صѯʣôʲôʱ򣿡
Ҳڿ⡣
ǡʱͷ˵Ժֻٴ
봹һַϢޡ
ѾúʯҵĸӰ׵½ʯԶ˼˳㻹һµԱȥ
µԱ֣ÿһֻʲô۷޷ǡ
ͲŻܴӼʯȳȥ
һжźã뵽ȥԶһˣ㷢ϢǴˡȻ޾ԼʵǷϻǿսʲô鲻ܽ
õĻظ޸е⾪ȡ
룺û
Ҫô£ͼƬ
ƬԶվţ˵жкһķֽ˵м׹˸ͼƬЧѡ
ޣ첻ˡ
߶Ȼظʱ̧ۿգϵصͷ
˵Ҳе
ϾҪȥ̲ϰࡣ
̧ڶˡ
ԶϵҲĿʵǹֱףһֿ˵Ŀ⿴ԼʱӦּ̧žۻԽļ˹ȥھۻϳԹ״ԥһ
˵Ҳͱһղ̫ϲǹɽζ
ûڵۻƮǰʱѸȼճһţ˾޴ޱȵĻ򣬺ݺ롣
ʶԣתҪӾˮȴһĻ𾪵Ŀɿڴ
ֻƯͬϺôƽֻյĻ沢δǰָ΢΢˳Żһ
۵һ
һľٶԭ·أֱֱײԶ
Ͻ˼ϴһ˿磬ԶǱˤڵϡԷҲȫûһҧȥ¶˼
ԶķӦٶҲ죬ӵһԾȻҲǴʱͻȻԼʲôסһôһְĹ̬վɳһ࣬ǲԶϵꡣ
һֳֻ°͵ϣһֵֻĳָһ̧Ȼ˱˺ѵʹС
Լˡ
ȱڲ˫֣˫ȡ
صû֧Ժѵ˵ϡ
ιȥ
ͻһĻѻһֽˡ
Զϵҵģٿ룬ԺкȻһ˿
ŶֲƤϵģŹءսſʯԲҲ⸱ģ
ԭȻΪּҵӶǶɵģϾȫһ޺룬һ֮ʿޣôɲ¶
ڱžžž
Ҳ֪ǲ̫ۣջָͣǾԶŵĶԹԲ֡
Ҳֻϴ΢֡
ǡ
ĺˣûȥ˯ˡ
Ծؽ仰ˣԸٶ̫ˡ
㣺
ư
*
㿸һķֽֿһķֽȥ
Զϵ˫˫ȱ˸ᣬֱˡ
ʯԶʱ;ȥ˿̱һš
ȥǵӰԺ
ԶϵʵﶼԽУǶʯҵĸ׳öļңʡǱմȾѪۣ̫鷳ҲԼ¶ǰʯԵʱһûעԷѪ䵽ɳĶˡ
ȥ޽˳ӰԺ
û֪ͨˣ˵ֻڿǡ
Ҳܲµ뷨δ˵
µִӰԺʱѾһŮ˳Ůһ°Ĵ磬ϵȹӷǳۣ۵ıʯԼϿŸƷƵָϵĸӵָ
һֻͬǮһõƤⶪڽ䣬մǽҡ
ע⵽޵Ǳ߽﷢ֵģģһ⡣
ƫͷŮˣľȥᣬֻ˫۾˸žɲͻңĿİƣʲôˣҸǡΥġ
Υ⼸ֲЦ
ֽŮӵһԣȻ³ɱԴʯʯԸҲº˲١ĿֱŮ˳˳¶ЦݣһΥûôԼΥΥΥˣҵǵһⲻҪˡ
ƳŮ˵࣬ʱһ֪ĻΪطء࣬˵ȾѪɣﵹùҲٰɡ
Ů˳úÿǺÿÿһ඼Ĳ֡
Ů˱һһ˵Ƥ졣ԴʮǰΪʯҷԺЩ˭ܿ˵Ů֮ļʳзҲ˭˭ڱ˵ɹ󳰷ȴѹڡ
ǰλǽͷλ
ƫƫԷֻӲͷƤֳ˵ʲôҸҼҵĵӰԺҪǲұ͸Ͻȥ
óֻݵǰɻ۾º͵ЦЦɡ
Ůˣ
Ц
ӰԺĵЩܣұ
㿴Ů˵ɵȱûʲô𡣶Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ͳԼķֽ˷Էͽ˶ԷϡվŮǰӸµϹʯɺԶϵ
ء
ߴ٣Ѿתǿڹ˳һԶӵŮ˵ǰ
Ů˵ͫ׶Ȼ߽ڽűϿȥ
ʵʯͬʮʱľ飬ǹ⿴Ҳȷ϶Էʯɡ
ѿڶľǿѹںڣŮ˽ҪȻȴ޿κΡ
·ʱζЦЦģʱ϶㱨ֻʱ򾯲ʵľ˭ǿͲ˵ˡ
ѶĹ޺
޸ʣŰ
ԶȽϸȤһԭǼѺʯҵĿշ䡣
˵ʱ䲻ûؼ˯֪иӰӳ˿ڳӰԺڿӰǸ񻰾磬λеһλİΪԭͶչĹ¡
ЩҲ˵˵Ӱͷһء
°ȻΧĹҲ°ȻǵǰԳ֣˧һǳĳۣ˧ͷһֻİɫСӣк㣬ùǷ׷׼г
ģ֣Ҳ̫˧˰ɣ
СҲÿɰruaӰ
rua֣磡
ľˣҺûԭױĺˣӰƱҪǲߣֱӵϴͷ
Ķ߻ص׷һļк͸пĿĻʱȾ˼ֺɡ
ԭ
˧ܻԭԣ
Ի˻˶ܴ¸ذѻ¾£Ц
ôһݵġ
ΨһƵϻԭĴǰȷʵϲСӡΪִϲ̣Ҳ̡ͬģΪҪչ̣ʵڳƲϺÿǱƤŪġ
ʹ˿̵Ӱλ˧ȫּˡ
ֹʱδ뵽ĳûеʮӺΪǵİȥԼֵܽãобսŵ١Ը˼˵Ҫ񶼼ܵʱ̲סֱŵȴš
ȻͿսٵİߡ
룺
֪ǲųгַУѡսǸֵϲԱ˵úòÿֻλϲԱһԴBGMʲôҲûɾ¶ڱЦˡ
룺
ĬĬס
ȥϲ֮Ҳûлصӳڡ
żйԱȶῴ˫ڳϣŪֻģƺ档ʱֻ߲ϣȴֶܷԷݡ
սôġ
Ա
ԱҺˣȴʹ֮ȫ޷԰Ρ
ĳȣֵսҲֵֹġսϣų룬üëֺ̿׺ݣĽ˶ͬˮͰšмϡ
̾һ
۵üģջǾˣҳ˳ҽ¼ȫɾŽֻڴеߡ
ˣǻؼ˯ɡ
һֱڶȥ̲ϰ࣬ؿ̨ǰ˿ȥƺûʲôƽʱʮģȻһĻҲеȡ
ô룬û˯𣿡
޴չȥۣô˯òҲûкȦƤ׵üֱСＵʡҡ
ָָԼȦϵ°ˡ
ȴûʲô˼Ȥĵɱ˯ضˡ
ϧǧ˼Ͳ⣬ȴûڸ˼˵
̾һڴ޲Ŀʱջ˵˾䣺û£뵽㲻̫ýѡ
ȱ̲裬̲ʲôͨˡ
Ȼ뻹ûͨ⻰Ҳ̲סЦˣôõá
Էϰ˶ԣôõá˵⼸ϰ嶼ûô̲ˣȸҲû
ϴٻʦϿȺͷײԺ㷲˺þáڣ翴ˣŷ˲ֳܵ٩Է䡣
¶ڽ׼µֱ꣬УȻһŤͷôʲô֪ϰ徹ȻЩҲ㰡ϵ治
˭˭ϵ
͸ſ̨ϣָһ̲һ㣬ʵ
ޣͷϰ壬֪ϰɣɥƷǸ
㽫ĿӲ˵ջأüëȻ֪㻹֪ɣҹɫû֮ǰϰ徭ǶȾƵģ뻹̲أ˵ϵܲ𣿼ֱҪ̫ðõ
ؼһ˲оߵ¶ƺڼ½͵ش˸Ҳ
õ޲ôһأ
룺ǿаɡ
ֻ֪еʱÿ춼һ̲ؼңΪԼȱҲûжʣû뵽ȻǸģ
ۿ
Ŀڣü룺Ѿõˡ
룺̲Ļ
ޣõģ㸶ǮŶ
ƴڻ˰죬޲ͣ
봹ֻǰյ˷ϢǵʱдӣزƵ͡
̾һ
ͬʱƶֻ̲ҲӵһµĶЩǣⶩȻˣϵĵصдһŰ´ǹٷ΢ţҲûźȣ̲ǰĿص㡣
ڴ֮ǰѯ޺ͽ˼̲׼ҶǺȡ
޻ûĽ͵̲ԱϡԱƺƶ̲ĹԱȻͽʶһ˫۾ɵøԲָһ㣬¡Ьսԭʼĳƺʱ۾ɵøԲˡ
ڳס֣һ磺ãŴ
룺á
ĿԱһ߽ӹĶ˵ллһŴԱȽһϲ˶顣
漴⻰ƺ˵ò̫ϳĿڣҵ˼ǲŹĹԱصĺദġȻȺƢԣǲ˲Źء
һϴ񣬺޳ɵصͷ
־λúԶ˵㡣
ƺûʲô£䡣ʵǹææʱҡͷֲһ䣺û˵Ǹû¶Ǹմꡣ
Ժð֡
˫һģȺ֣ԽԽˣƭˡ
룺
һҲ⽫֮ĵ룺ǰ˴գЧˡϷأΪ˼򡣡
֣衭
ĸ˸ֹۣһĸֶƭ˺üαˣÿΡԺͱӤ׶ģȥһĸȵ˲ʱƭǮҲ֪ܳġÿһƭջǮ̹̹ʮˡ
룺˵ĸģ˺üΡ
мһˣθƨݼٳǰѡ
⵹û뵽
˵ģıΪһ¶˳ˣҲֱ׻ش𣺡ɵģֵСͻԷ˳ۣҲǸŮ˰ɡ
Լһ̲边Ȼ֪Ϣǲ㽲ף⽫Ĺ¸߸㡣
С¿·ƿܿص̲ꡣ
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漴ӵĵ绰ûʲô㣬ûеĻҪҿſһ߳һĴԶϵе֪Ϣ
һ뵽ſ֮ԼҪʰϾܾ
㽫صĵԼСⷿ
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Ų˵Ƕ۾һɣȵôôࣿ
򴽣ʵʵ˵ϰһ֡
ۣȻͼԼܵϵؤʱÿﶼҪһ㣬Ϊúáû뵽ⶼùȥˣʻû
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Ťͷȥ׼ûһҲŽˡ
ſʵζֱͷ㰡
ޣʲô
ȥˡߵһ뽻̸˼䣬ſûþͿʼˡ
һߵŻţ裬һ߶Զϵٲ࣬Ҳʲô˵һص⣬ѪûŪЪѯʡ
ʯɣԶϵһûֵǵǴеõ˲Ϣôǰ˵𣬾ĺ֮һزмӢزסԺ¶ѵǿԿ
ǰӢز㽫ߣҽ˼βΣ֪ͨ
ӢΪȨƵһλʮ࣬һᣬϾôʱٶǮҲû壬ΪҽеļӢ˴Ǯ桪
ֻҪκԽҲ͸Է
Ƕʱ䣬Ӣڵ˽ҽԺڱ˺ܶġʿһλ񱻹ѺԶ
һȺУԶΪӢҩ˳ӢĲ֢κˡǣԶΪ˼ӢϱʵʱӢѾôҲΪˣǸӦԶʱԷȴܵĵһ˹£ظôǮƣϵҲòϡ
Ӣһ⻰ˣжԶ⡣
Ȼ󣬽ңѪȥιҰޣǱʼˡ
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˭Զʶģʵ
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ȻˣҲǾʲôǮƵ˶СЩӢʯɼ˳ʲôϵǵģȻͲ֡һŵĻܷϢ
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ˣƣֻԶѯʣЩʯɿеϢû¼ֱëȻ
ëȻĻں档
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Ϊˣ޵ȻϣǷtġ
Ĳ˵
ľսĲ²⣬ʵеֲ
˲ĳĬ
̻Ʈģüۡȴ÷·𿴵˫侲ּӱѩһػƽԣЩϡ
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봹ü𣺡ʯôģ
ˡ
תϣſæ֣ﻹһëǣΪ޺ͽǷɽɾëʳ֮ζȥҪ˵Զϵˡ˵Ѫ⣬֪ԭΪϱ

·ܲµɻϽʦµĹżпǱżҲֻ˴šԶϵǸӦ䣬˺ͱˣ߿ԷһԷΥ˼뷨ͻѪ
еҸǩԼһֱԵڴ˿̿˿ڡ
㲻̫˽ԼôȻô˵ˣӦҲ
룬˵ЩιĹﱳ󾿾˭ڲٿӦߵĻˣԶһҲᣬһͻ
ⷬ΢΢һʣԣ䣬Ҳһ³
⡭
֮ǰҹɫľپġ
ֱ׵һǷɹ˵Ҳйϵ˵˺ֻƾܳˡ
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⻰õȫ޳ɡ
齻ˣʵҲûʲô̫Ĳ𡣱֮˲򵥣ҪڳԷݡ򵥡Ҫľʱ䣬Ǽġ
˼Σ㡣
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賿㣬㷭Ĺż
ֱߣһ˸ߵ͵ĺعżлŵֽϢţҲϰˡ
ѾܶСʱˡ
ԴӳԺμ뽻Ǳ¼Ĺż
㰧һѾһżӵ˽µһ
ʮӺƣֻ
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[֪ʲô𣿾Ժ䣬ͺ޲úճһ]
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Լ飬һҵʱεЩż㿴ġ
볢һ£뿪
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ʵ֤ˡ
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㣺[ܳ׹밮䣬û䣬ĸдĹżûܲܶȥҰˣҪ鰮һ]
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52 
ڶ緹ȥ㡣
˽²սСʱ֮ǰ, ȦԵķйսǰ
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ĻǶԵĶߣӻδ׾ѵαŵΪôˣ֪̽ô, Լĸпһֱ, Ҳ׵ġ
һ뵽ʱĻ滹̲ס۽΢µĲӹϼӿࡣ
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ע⵽ﻹżŷֽúɫɰ˿ķ
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Ȧ˵ҵҵĿ꣬ôҲҡҡͷмΣûУȱҪһ֡
㽫ǱĹżһҳ˺һǡ
˿Ϊ֮
ƽ鵹Ҳ, ˵ûʲôʵԵĽչ, ڽӹԺ󣬸˼ŷֽ
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뻹Ǿ⼸ŷֽ֣֣صĿⶢſջѡһԶ˿ڴ
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ĹżҪĿľ뿴ûнİ취УԶϻԶܸܽǡĵУһֱԼĵк飬˿ּΪõԤȴԣ·ԶҲء
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ü˵ڵõϢ˵㣬ҲԶԶΪ˳Ǹܡ
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һ˵ǶԵġ
һʣµִ꣬ϴóһƿţ̣׵˯ȥɡ
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˾ˣ޷ǾǸһ³ȥ뵹ǺܵʯɿеϢ㹻ˣ˵ȫΧڲеĴϰҲвϢصġ
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ô˵ڴӵȻΪ̫˶еƣʱúѪҺһ˲ۼͷǰһڲҰӡ
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ȥ˯ˣҲת뿪Ŀⴥòɰǽǵļվԭͣ˼룬ָԼǸһƣֻžߴһ˵ϣֱһ߽ӷ
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ߴӿڴ໮ǿ屻ļװ
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΢죬˿Ϊȶ
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Ƿ¶ܵȻĵı飬ڳϣ̨ϵָ̧𽫿ڴǰƣ࣬Ҿ͵Һ̲Ļ񡣡

ԼҲ͸û̲裬һʮ飬屭Ҳһ١һڴôֻһٿõġ
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ֱҪ
Ӻ붢ּ̿ĳĬ֮С
ɫմΧһȦܵĽߣϻ򵥵ӡǣ֪ƽ˳һҲ;ߵʵݵĲ;ߡ
֮⣬İڷŽǶȡ֥飬Լ¶һصʽ
꣡ȫһģһ
룺
²
*


53 
˵ʵ, ʶĿּ[ү]Ŀ᳤ּһģһʱлǲ˼ֻɺͲʵġ
֮ǲԸš
룬Ǵ󲿷ֵĿּᶼͬ, [ү]Լǡö̫ϲл, ѡ֥ԴװΡҲӶʵϷǳ, ǡͬһ֡
ɺǺ

Ŭ˵ԼȻ[ ү]ְҵҲǸɥƷġ
Ҳǳɺϵغͷְҵһģһ
ֻؽ, иϵ, 󷢿ּƬ
ּҳһˣѷƬҲ
Ȼ̾һ, ʵе಻ȥ˵Լ
ڴϷȥֻȴһֱûз¡
ڷԼ[ү]һֱƯƿ¼ͼҵ֤ݣȥ֤Ƣܻӵ[ү]˧ƻزķͬһˡ
ʵϣΪֻ֤߸֮
ȷΪͬһһСʱһƯƿˮϺʾӡ, ˶˵, һ֡
˼ңԶĲ֪Զ͵˫Ⱦ¶Ⱥ[װ, һµƯƿŶ, ע~]һٴηп
Ȼص, һƿӡ
ƯƿĺЩ²ۻƽʱһú˼, ˵Цɴ˿ȴȫûʲô, ֱ˺ϵڶƯƿ
һע⵽ƯƿIDү
룺
ʶķӦ, ޳ָѾĻ˺ü˳ҳʾ[Ƿ뿪ǰҳ]ǡ
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲô˼
ط˼壬Ĭ֮л´ƯƿAPPǸںϵƯƿ˺ܾãڹһμ
˵ƿ[ү]ڷ֤أ
ָһ㣬ı۾
ϸһһţһֻ۾߻һºֻܿĻϣ
СŪڤңллȫң
룺
õģʯֱӴ
ӵֻˮͼԼ侲

ظרɥƷڡ
뿪֮󣬷㽫͵ƺء
صɴ۾ϴ󣬸ղڵʱ㻹ֵúܺأôһͷˣңΪʲôūң
Щȵؿۣϴ붼ū㣿УԵĸ³
أ 
ȻԼԵĿּǷˡ
ڨڨӣȫٿһͱŻϿ˵˳Լٶһ㣬ϴпѳԽȥ³
Ѹٵϴ꼸̣˦׼߳ʱȴַⷢ޳ߴôſϣƤ΢΢һ̧¶еĿ⣺ϴлһʱϴøɾ𣿡
ɻգ۾һû⵽Ǽϴ˼
ϸζ˼⻰ͻȻʶʲô
Ǿϴٶ̫죬뻹ģ
ʵطʣӦϴãǵǰĥĥʱһƨµˮǲ𣿡
ȷڣٴֱӵķʣ²ֻпʲô˳۵İɡ
ϴϴԶһˮõĲԼǮһ
뵽ˣʱһ
ֱ׵ĻʱֻǼ򵥵³üǳȻصͷϣ˵Ҳǡ
Ͼ볤ñغÿһٱ
ˡ
òÿĶƽϡ
صԼķ䡣صķ䶼ڶ¥Ŀռ΢һ㣬ǿ˸ɳ˿Ϳɳϣ޴ŵĴ΢΢̬ûãյ뷢ġҡϢ
ſģֻ
ٻʦϿȹѣʼһǰȻֻʾϢ
װүһµƯƿעŶ~
˳ֵ㿪ŷƯƿġһɨֽŷָƯƿķڰ֮ǰһĵ治ǺƯģ²ŵִﺣһشƿӡ
㣺ϳ˸ɿζС⣬һľС͵ġΪҹ굱ԱʱɨƴӴ˵绰ٱɫС˵ҪлҾͰʱӰ칫˳ҹݸ^^ˣǻ˵ҪҰ佱ʵҲǺҪҪǻֽ
չһ³ȣԽȴ˴ϡ
룬һ쵽ḻġ
еû뵽ǣԷȻҲҹ굱ԱһְҵԺб㲻ðӰʱڵƹⱳ󣬼̶¶֫
֪ʶԼ˼뷨ƺһ˲ƫˣЩɵü
ӦòĴԽԽε뵽롣

˦˦ԴЩ߰뷨ӵһߣϵƯƿһ򿪣ĿɨмIDǿAPPһЩԣƩչֵöĳƯƿȤϵͳͻӴƯƿ˺֮ϵ
㡣
´򿪵ID
ǵ⼸IDյظרɥƷС棬ȻƵĸ˵绰
˸ۣŤͷͽ⼸Ưƿ˳ȥ
ʣһлƵƯƿһ֪ġ
ĵĴ򿪡
һһӹһһʱɢıͻȻ͡
ΪƯƿдǣ·ϼڤңû뵽һʶѶģѻҳͣܿģP
ʼȡؼʣڤңʶѣ͡
ؼһ˼ʮֿµʵ
òɣ

ڶشŹǷԼķ߳ߵ¥²ŷַѾ˵Сɳϣ˴ڻ谵¿һ㱡ӰȥǷϵʡ
û£ӱóȪˮ๾¹࣬˼ֲſڣϴôˣ˵ûʲôײŰ
룬Ŭ㻹ǵǰǸŰɣһҴɨѲŲ̫ɾˣȻиһߴ绰һ߳ ѵһ ײˣǸôɣ
̧ͷޱؿ
ðһ䣺ôã
ԼмԵãȻˣҵʱӦһƬõĹˡȻΪΪʲôᱻϹϵСŶҴֲ̫еĿ
˵ÿɷ
صʱ򣬶Էȷʵģ嶼ֻʣһˡ
ԹڤĹûŵ㣬һףǲ
ι˼ֻؾָˡ
ûص˼ק룬ǿ֪ĳ˼Ժ󣬻ججһײԡŰϵɵģ
ޱ飺ûУ˰ɡ
أ
Ҷûȷˣ
ôһʣؾҲʼȷˡʣͷ֮϶Ǻǿλۺ֮ûײһֻͨͨСεºܣ
ͷһǿΣ
ޱ飺ǵ㣬ô֪
شĿʼԼͷԶˡֳֻʣ·һ˻ɳϣһû˯Դӵ֪λƯƿƿѾԺ˽ԺҲ֪øʲô
ײţϴ˰ˮ˼ֱںڰĽ¡
ΧǾףڻֻдżʻҲһյƹӷ϶й¶ССĽ䡣ֻ¿ʼԼʶԼ[]λѵʶ
ϸ뻹ǿһԼ
ϸһ룬ǿҪˡ
˵׬Ǯʱʣ׬Ǯ
뱧ԹԼ˲У³˺ü˷ƬЦ
Ȼˣ֮£־Ҳֵһᡣ
ŴóֻĻֻĻҳ滹ͣԼƯƿݼ¼ϣһѾȫע
˵ѺԺ§§
תͷԷѻǱ̬ɧſ
ĬضƯƿʾʱ俴˺ܾãƾõļȫȷʱȥҹɫɣȻһƸ൹졣
ˣͻġ
ԣĻ
еѡ
Լеı̬ɧſһˡ
ǵġ


˻ۣסлҵ
شӳŰֻ߳·ʱֺصߣֱض˵˰죬ֱסñ۾ķо޿̣ۣʲô
ջĿ⣬ߵ£Ǿϴôһصı顣
졣
ظɰͰŶһаӵʱ롪
ͦġ
ʶһѣصʱ⸱üӡ
ǲ˼ɡ
ô롣
ȥһ죬ظӸоϴıƺеأһϾͻȻӰ
أ
Ҳ֪ȥˡ
ؾýķֵֹģҲýֵֹġºͺûܶ࣬󲿷ʱ䶼ڷûп˵ʱͿ̨ǰ΢΢üŪֻ޲Ƴһۣڰٶ
ƯƿAPPѾӳȥƯƿʲô취ջ
ƯƿAPPôӳȥƯƿѾ˴򿪹
ޣ
Ϊȷش˴ĺ磬˺üŻعͷޱ̽ʣ룬ôˣ鲻𣿡
ǡ
Ҳȷ鲻ãܸӡ
ͺԼһֻĳɰСè䣬ͻȻһСè䣬ֻ͵ĴϻġٵС
һת׼ȥʱڣģһѣʶһˣȻˡ
û˵꣬ע⵽޾ֵĿ⡣
Ļһ٣̶һתôˣ
ʺ˵ѸòҰɣ
뻺գ۾ʶʲôһ顣
˵Ѿȷ޵ľơ
æ㣬һѡһû˵꣬㲻Ҫż
һ˵Լͷˣ£ͷ˵
룺ϱֳƢ̫ãʵ˺ܺá
һȻŶҶˣһױһǰɣ
룺ûôţ˵̫á
ĵôͿˣ˵ô˼
ߣСʣеֲܲ𣿡
Сһ٣ٿ̧ͷ
޶ʱٺһЦҾ֪ѣӳϲң˵һѵȫǺ˵˵
룺
ްѽһ㲻ҪѽҲʶܾ˰ɣʱҽֲ˵ġ˵˵һϵڣ
ޱֵĺ԰ֻѾҵϵ⪣˿ϴԱԼ˷ܡ⸱۾ģԭѾĻͻȻһֶĲˡ
Ϊ޿ȥֻԣһ㶼ס
뵽ˣҡҡͷ
޶ʱźҵٶһܿ죬ֵ˵˵ȥϰôˣ
ĵת˵Ļ⻹Ǹйϵ
˵˾䡰ͦá
õȷлشȥˣֻ뻹վԭأŴһ˼
ոδ˵Ļǣȷһʱеֲܲ𣬵Ҳֻһѡ
ϸһֱԼƫȫ÷ǰֳŵˣûȥἰȱ㡣
˵˾̫
ʵһ顣
յǸԹڤҶʧƯƿ̫𾪶ˡȻյƯƿô֤ҲпյƯƿֻҪƯƿڵݣͱȻϳ[]ֱ˭
ô
ʶĲСܡ
ΪһǿͶΣȻҪƵĲ֡
һ룬ϢС
ͷۼˡ
ֻϣƯƿAPPϵͳˣӳȥƯƿ͵κһֻҪ˲ǷС
һȥʰ˶Ӻ߳ŤŤԣѺӣֱʣôˣ
޺ٺЦһָҵĿƬĸƬѿûС
û뵽С£תƬóվ͹ϻؼˣǿĿƬ˼ʵһߣһ߳ſƬƬζڴݼתζĺܺãѹһġ
ƬĿƬܿĶӣһ̧ͷҲͼ֮ң
յſڣԼҴŴֵسţֵֹΧȹſڵϲذ塣
ȻǰĻʵǹھ㤣һ
񣺡
̧ͷָָһԵͰ
ҵ͵ʱҲСˤˡ
ûС£һһͿĵذ壬ԼҪûˡⲻϽѵطʰһ˭֪ٶȻǲ죬Ȼˡ
͵Ҳû˵ʲôֻһ䡰ɾ㡱ȥԼҡ
ɵؿۡ
Ȼû˭˺ŵ
ֻϲϴĶΨһĿվ̫ˡôǸ˸Լ׸ڴϿƵ
һֿԼȥӰԺǲӰƬΡ
߶Ŀĸ֣˳
ɣ΢ʾϢ
΢ŵʾıһƣ°ͣȥеƣ
ʵûҲǴ΢ţʲôûֻǶŷǸڵ΢ͷ񷢴
ѯʶԷûյȥƯƿָĻˣǱһ£һûյǸƯƿҲ֪[]ͬһˣⲨͶԵüκ޴
ǵ˼޿κεͣЪֻܼغ˼롣
룬̫֮鷳ˣҲ֪ɽǰôܵ˵ġ
ǵսã˳۾ʹɱɱҪʲôʡ
̾һʶԼ˼ַɢԺקҴ΢š
ϢǸ㷢ġ
˵СϢ֤ʯҵ뽫ҹɫҹɫⲢֻһɫһЩδ꣬ǰԱҪҹɫϰ࣬Ҳڡ
͸˵ȥһҾưɰæ
ưԭĵʦǸѣˣࡣ
ԭΪͦæģϾҹɫԺ󣬴󲿷ֵĿ˶ӿҾưɡԷȻʱϢæҲæȥ
ţش˶ԻɲǼһƬС
ΧоѵĿ࿡⿿ţűӣеľҺѾ˴롣ƬĵĲͦı±΢΢һҲ֪ĸӵֻȻܲ׽ϲһҺ塣
ڷϲôİ׳ɿɿ빭Ķ¶Ǵ׵Ƥ
㣺[û뵽ɣȻżϰ塣۾˵˳úÿǺùƬҲܴﵽƬЧҪȫµǶôܴҿ϶ȥӦƸӰ]
㣺[Ƿϰ̫ãһĬĬȾأҪҲ]
㣺[Ŷ͸ֵʱ˴ˣ]
㣺[٣ԣҸ㷢Ƶ]
ƵԺ͵еġƵķǷ˧ȻԱһ̫ԣȫȷ˵ֱۡ
ջѡ㿪Ƶ
Ƿһ[]ľưɣưȻҲҹɫһ ֪ȦԶĳֻǿģĶòУһ޲ǰ¡
֮ǰѾܾһˡ
ﷳԳȱѹѹû뵽ˡҹɫʱҲûᱻ
üźʣµľͻɥƷ꣬һӰ˷ǳ̧־§ļһ˫һﺬųЦһ˰Լ𣿡
һվߵһɳ
üƺ⡣ִȥֲֻĵҪ
ָļʱԭֻܵȻеĲȥһ˫ڣȴҰַԣ
ưӣȴѹԵ˵˵ĶУҲĶС
Ȼû뵽ԼϵƢôƤ鶯һ¡۽ǵɨԶֵļˣȻúڡֻǺȾͷѴĶѣ˧ȥȱƣĵ֪ʲôڡ
ڨڨһЦεֵܣǵѶѣҪȥȸƣ
ޱ飺˭ֵܣͷһμϸŵĹ¶ֵܵġ

ƵȻֹ
ǸΪпʮôǾ䡮ҰַԡǲǸҹɫ˵ġһԡһëһ׵Ҫ
룺
ˡ
ڿȫȷ[ү]ͷͬһˡ
ƲĲ̸ظ[Ǹ˸ʶͶֶţȷʵá]
㣺[ҶöҾǲңǴڨĸǵʲôôǰ͸һĦҮƵģǰֻ׹أ]
Ʊ߶߶ıɫʼղģ벻ظҲ⣬ੲݡ
ʮӺַϢ룺[˽ˣϰ׼ˡ]
㣺[Ĳ棿ĻҾȥסϰ]
ֱԾܾ
Щź
ûӣȴַϢ[ȵȣϰֱסˣǹҿôôأ㿴Ƭ]
ȵƬУԭĵıȻ͡


׾ϳվǰŮӡ
ƯŮӣȻͣڷԺеĲһ㣬ǵҹɫʱŮ˺ŷ⣬һϵзӦȥǳ֡
Ů֪ڳ˼Ǵֵظкϰ԰ɣϺðôûθ
ȻȻΪһԡ
ЦеʣĵƬɣѻҪǵϵʽ˵лԴǽȦʲôģҶܾˣоθӦò̫ϲ
˵ŵĶǷ̫öĻ
Ѿ׽еĹؼʣƬԼǡ
ɫ޳ָڵûƬٸҷһ𣿡

Ȼ仰ŮȻ⼫ˣƺԵòš
תһ룬˲Ȼ
Ŷ˶ˣθһǺˣԲûƬƬһλ˹
֮ôŤŤأ
ŮæԼİͳֻϰȵȣҸҳ
Ӧһ
ͬʱӵ벦绰绰һͨԸɬɤð˳ǹзϰԺƬ
㣺
㵱һҲݣżæŵܹȥ
ȻȵߵŮǰʱѾˡ
Ůֻ˷ָֻܵϵƬܣȾƲСĵġԭƬŶʵҾԭƬҲܺÿΧ൱㡣PԺͰθ˵øˣио
˶ˣ˽ģ
ʺȥν˽
뱻ǿа˵ϣƵ˴۽Ǽ󾱵λãΪӾλ΢ıŹ̵Ķ
һ˽
ŮʲôĿƵĽеƬ˸飬̲סȥ
ڷҲô塣
û´ĻƺѾֺܾˡ
ߴѯʣʶﻰ˵˳˵ĵûͦÿ
룺
ǹؼ
*


54 
賿㡣
ƽ˹ֵļž֮, ֻмյƵ·Ź⣬һĿռ䡣ҹͣ·ơľ֮ϣ˹Լë, ſ޴ĳԶ
߰¥ߵС¥ֻһĵ, Ӱҡҷ֮γ˰߲ϸӰӡ
ǰɫ˵ʱĻ档
һʼҿϰĺ侲, ƹȥʱ򣬲ŷĸʯࡣ
ʱĻ, ޳һ, һ˫ڳֱƬˣôֱ㶵ؿ˰졣
һ䡮ϰ塯
Ϸļʱָͷ˽᲻Ͳˡ淢ʵ֤, ̫ܽˣ㶻عһ˫תҲǴ˿̣۽ǵƳһֻܾ˵ˣȫˡ
ֹˣˣܣˣ
֮ʶһ, ˡ
Ϊڸ, ⡣ǸкŮӶȴǳ֡
ŮĿɿڴǱӰ뿪૵ʲôӦ
ǧֿ佱, ˣ
ĺ֪, СΪ¡
ȻƤ˾ͱŮ
žô°ɡһҧһֻ, ˵
ȫ̳ĬԼ˷, ýֺͷٳıھ߼ˡ
˱۾, һ޿
һܵ˳شģ, úЦĵʵֶС¡ֱ۴ϰʵϸһͷϰǵ治ʲô֪ǰǸˣаסȺü˯أڶ컹ǵʲô¶û
뿴㵱ʱɲô˵ġ
һҧͷм顣
ӣһ޹ʱǵʱڡģ㵭һ㡣
룬ܵһ㣬ƷҲˡ
Ÿӻ֣һµӵԼҵ·ˡ
룬۵
Ϊһ۾ĳЩͻ᲻ðȫռԺ
ͷ볤̾Ϣɢڷ

һͷָڷķţ·ʱͷһۣϵı룬Ьһˣɸɾģһû˯
ϴһҹδأ
кţָϽ¥ڷƽϲСɳɨۣˡ
ؽɥƷ궼һȦҲûҵ
һҹû
ͷͳֻҵ΢ѯʣŷ΢кüԷ޾ȼֻϢ
޾ȣ[ϴʲô賿ܵڤɱķ]
޾ȣ[Ƶ]
شƵ
һƬڣ漴ǸOO@@Ľ̸ͼյơ޾Ⱦֻлذŵƣ˳ֻСĺر̫ˣӿĵôԴ󣡡
ӿһ޹зɥƷй˿·̫ڣȻʹֲ̫ã͸һĵ
޾طۣһѽ档
û˼ֻ赲ֽǵ΢ĵƹ⣬ǰĻڿʼš
ΪڤĹض졣֮ڣ޳УǿܱߵСɪɪ޲ýԼųһӡ
һ·ߡ
ڤһӿԹĺӣӵĶһɽӸɽ˿վƽأһƬռֳ롣
ǻ۵Ĺ֪ڤĺ൱һϡ
ϵȫȻͬ硣
ɽȺʵǿĹԴ˵ǿ׺ݡ飬ֻ֪˺
ɽһƽ֮أĹʵ΢
ܳϴ·ߡòȥڤɽɣлذԲ۾
䣬ͼѾڤӣһŲڤɽĵؽϡ˲䣬˻ȺҹҪŨĺڤɽĲͬط£ѹĺơ
Ǹ߸ߵ͵͡˷ԵøɭͿֲǷ޾Ҳɵô˸¡
ڤɽڵĶǲģһڤ赲סǣǽظǼѡһڤɽɻᶼһ䣬ΨϴһԳŰҹ
񶼺ܺã¸úԶܿӰֱսʯͷ棬жʱûӰ
ΪƵ͵ˣû뵽ͷһŵһ롣գ۾ĸɻһڶĽ㴩͸ֻĻĶէ졣
ܳ
һ
ֻǸʼⱲӶûһȺɵĽ֡
˵˵ЧǿҲǿԺվվ
ƵطȥһʡԺš
޾ȣ[ϣڻϢˣ]
أ[ϴʲô磿]
޾ȣ[ϴ˶֪Ѳ֪ϴʲôأͦõģҹϴٳ죬ڤɽҪˡ]
أ[]
үס
ڹŵķһ˺ۡ
ϵİ׳ѾմۣڵһѪȵİ죬ҲһѪָۣĨ£ʵѪҺĨǣһ򣬵ζ̼ζ٣ŵ
ֽһֻոյȴ̰뽫ɵĶ飬ͣ˽Ų
ǰϤĳء
һͨɽɽǰһ޴ʯͷ߽ʱܿǿʯͷϱļǺţǵãüָһһģÿһʴĶһֻ˺ѡɵĶ
ܳɳ񣬶ɽι
ۣ򶴿ڡ
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ǿϢױ㻽˶ɽĶԷٿȻ̧ۣ˫۾ϵʱ򣬷Ŀ޼ɵػ٣ǵЦԽԽԣе˼
˺ܾãõҿʼˣʼλµţƤǲǺ˵˵û뵽㾹Ȼɡ
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Լ׷ҲκͲ˼Ҳûٹᡣ
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ҲźԶͽٴԶϡԶ۾ˣڶ̶֮˺ü
Ƥͬʦţе˿ֻܱƣеȴѾо䡣Ҳܹ츳츳ðɣ
һŵģȫ˸СѧһĶ
վıһš
æֱ壬ԶɲǵΪ˳ģ¶ġ
Զϵ۾¶һЦ㣬Ҳ֪ģֿԸ֪ҵ飬ȫҡ
Զһ˸ŭ𣺡
໰û˵ͷ˸ۣ׼ҡ
Զҧгݡ
˵ĶԻ΢΢üѯʣΧҲ̫ˡ
㣺СһʲôϢô죿˵ˣ˵ĲңֻҪžˡ
仰ʾԶԿˡ
ԶοڽԼеܣаԼɹʲô£ǰԹ˭ȵȡһ˵һһҹ㶼еⲻסˣæ޺˽ࡣ
ʱ˿̣ķڡ
ѾҪĵˣ
1.ʮǰԶյһңӵšʵǼĸոճģʲݵдңӾԼϣ̳šⱻԶõ֣ĸ֣ȡŵ⡣
2.Զڱ뿪ԺĳǴһѧɣšŵгͽͽ¼֮Сֵһǣλⱻɱȡ֮ĸʦҲš
3.ĳЩȨƵϵǳܣһЩΥ飬緷
󼸸ֵʱٿȻ̧ǰΪ˸еţֱȺǺȻ˵¡ע⵽Ŀ⣬̵Ļ㵱տǼԱҲйϵʱǲǶɻͷͷⲻܽˣ
ĵȷʵ
ޱֵõĻϾЩϢʵԶĻǱߵ̶ܳԶŵļϡҲȨ֪һ㣬ҲΪȨЩֻһ䣬鶼ǷԸֵµǺ˽̡
ǾͿŵı˭
޵Ļ£һ཭ֻ㲻ҪһͨӺĿ⿴뼸ˣԶˡ
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ŪֻԶǱߵԱƬŵ˼ǰԶʵһ㶼⣬Ѫ˱һ߸ʬʱӦãֱٺۣ۾úܴ󣬵ͫ׽
˵ĻѪȵĻȫûκγУƽΪġ
޺ͽ㡣
һ⣺ǿɸûϵ
°˼ǸеϵʱҾˣϴ˵һֻ˵Ϊ
֣˵ˣоԺҿԿ϶ĸ㣬ǱġͺñҺԶˣҿԸ䣬ԶǣǸӦҡ
ȻˣôԶĻӦҲܲͬԶɣϾô䡣
һ
ͬͬ⡣ӲԶƮҺǩԼҲģҪٺͱǩԼҲܸоõġ
Ϊʲôһֱ
˭֪ءʼ򣬡˵ʹ˼Բãһûô䡣
㣺
̫ףѡ
ҲûϵѾõܶˣԶǶ˴š
޵ͷȷʵô
ǿǽһżõ飬˶һһ׼ظҸҸʱҴܵſڽ̨ϣüָС񣬺㣺ⶼ˭
عͷȥ
ĽܣԽԽ֣̲סĶĴţսٲСλ˾ǳݵ
һԭ𡯵ı飬Ȼֵķ֣ôһ
˰죬ſڵԴ͸ӷ϶ſһǣżæŵ֣ȴԼ˼Σ߻һԵϡ
񣺡
аɣꡣ
ò׽϶Сֽס©ÿһϸСĽ䣬Ͻɾ·Ż̨ϣ۽ǵȴɨŹ쵽Щ
㶣ʲô飿
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ʲô飬ٵı顣
ҪҪվǰ룬ٿνġ١ߵƣ
һӵĲҪ£ȴֻš
߲һתϣָһǸոհںõͻȻһŵ㵱һܳ󺰣սˣ
ޣ

ļ뿪ֱǰƶ̲衣
ƶ̲Ŀһ㣬ʱ㿿һ࿴ֻڱص̳йعһӡѪû뵽ǣص˳
뿴ӵλѰҡ
ڽһʮĸѰʧŮĹ¡
ڿ޴߾ʱǡÿֻҳ棬Ҳ֪Ǳס˻ôģµĲһ٣ָӵ⻹Ǽǰˡ
һӵķʱ䣺
ǰ
㿪ѯʣûҵ𣿡
ҡҡͷûءȥʱ򻹼̻Ϸأʱ汼Ůͦҵġǰͷȫˣ˷ɶˣһ
봹ʣмƵ𣿡
ûС˼ΣҲ֪Ŵ£֪Ϸ
޵һ㶼ܻԼ²Լ
еЦļʾԼ֪ˡҪ̽̽飬ƶ̨̲ǰ˿ˣء
ǰԶһڣԺйڷĻ汻׵˾⣬һ֣ŲԭܵĻϵһߣֻҪһקקˡ
룺
Ȼ֪ͷ֮䷢ʲô˿뻹˵شк޵һ䡰ϰôûһʱ⵭ԶˣѾûؼˡ
˶ٿ룺룬ϴϵ𣿡
ϸЦݣȻҡͷ
Ŷһ
Դӵһ췶޾ȼ˸Ƶ漸ûʲôˡҲԼҪҪʱʱ̿ڤǰֱڤɽɱķġ
ظϢԷֲء
ʣҲҲˡ
뵽ͷĹϵԭմ֣ڵõĻشеʧ
Ҳ޷ϴôţƣܲܳʲô顣
̲裬ת뿪
վԭؿıӰ˼

һʧ˿¡
ͷԷʧ˲٣ּǰҲֱ׳Ĵ⻰ЦȻͳֻ⧲жҽ·ɥƷʱɿϰ壬ҪһԼȸƣ
ֻˡ
ȴ䲻ʱӦûңҲûкɫ̫׵øһ
˵Լֹ䡪
ͦ׵ġ
ҪǶԷر𣬿ֺףǸ׵С
֪ڵһʱע⵽Ӱֻһ뵽Ŀƶˣåọֻ̈̄ӲͷƤװʲôҲû
۽ǵע⵽˳սǲҴ·һ
ЦؽԵô꣬Ĵ٣ȴȻɵĸо
Ĭ;УؼҴҴɥƷܳĿǰϣû԰׵еֵķɫ΢΢һݣ˼ֱ仯ϴǲˣ
һۣȻ˸˿ص⣺Һһʲô
ûӦãһ˲ƺ벻ΪʲôҪ⡣ƾԼõļ䣺ҲûʲôһֱϣҪ㶼
һֱڡϡ
һҪʵĳ̶ȡ
ǼƬĳֺϲ١
һԻ˵ʲôָˣҲˡ
ظɰͰŶһɿۣûסԣϴںôˣˣ

أŶûɰ
޿̣㡣
漴һ䡰ˡ߽ɥƷꡣ׷ȥʱӰȻһӰʧӰ١üɫ׵ģóֻѯ˷޾ȡ
Ȼ޾ȸĻشǣ[巢ʲôҲ֪ӿȥڤʱڤĹ˺ܶࡣϴǸֻˡ]
ְ[õģϴʲô㲻ֻ֪Ҫûܻ]
һ֣̲ס˸ۣĵ޾ĺܻ˵ϻ
ʵҲȷˣܷ˵ĶأֻҪһڣͿԻָ
ش[֪]
˶ֵ[ϴĹֵֹģݷֲǱߵһӾ絽ȥˡ]

ݾ뾩кüǧ
ֲ߽ݵطȽƫƧбԴ࣬жʱֲԱҲʵΪΧʡд
һݵһСڶ̶һڳ˺ü¥¼ֲĵ飬սֶ˶ϡݷֲڿҿ׷˶ãò׵ȵԷ¶棬ȴû뵽ԷȻһаȫŵˡ
ˣǶŵسԱȫ
ӦƸĶƢ㲻һʱҲðɡ
ݷֲʼΧʡ
ݷֲνֻĹҪǸʡǸԽͺܺã˵ԽԸֶһ֣ƷַӾܿ
˷
Щȷգ۾ȥŹ˧
ÿûʶҲе㲻ס
ĵһ̽ѯʣãôƺıߵķֲ
Ƴһۣշ⣬ƽ򡣡
ѣֱѯʣֻ԰Сǰɣ
ûӡƽ򡯻ع˵ͳɤϽͷ̶׼õϵȥռϣܰõضԸԷ
ûӡ
ô֣۾ۡ
οֻһֻѣõôӡ
뿪ֲֻ߽԰СɸСڵıܳһܻһߴ󺰣죬ȥͨûгţСҪ¥
ڱͤһλԣΪŤͷˡ
ӷ߾Сס̲סһԹ
Сǲйˣôһˣ
ǲסˣѾŮ绰ˣ˵ߡУ͹סһҶû
ˣҲ֪ķû˽֣ˡ
߶߶żԽԽĲƵʧڷĶߡ
ͷǣǺ޲ڽϰӣܵ÷ɿ졣
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ĿŮϻϵڿһŨĺ
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Ů΢΢һָսȹߣЩɡȻ֮һֱվԭδ̶ܴȵؼ
Ůܵ͵Ŀ˿ڣϲһ𣿡

ŮǾԼһܿЦ⣬˳мֳ˧磬ӦҲҪϲ˰ɡֻҪ㹴ָͻ˳ѡ
Ҹ˵ʲôأ϶֪ϲһʲôܡ
ԺͻȻð봷ܵĳ嶯ޱ飺㲻˵ô֪
ŮƺҲеʱ޿̶޲ܼĴϲҵ׽ռҰֻһӡ
򴽣ͻȻоﲻԾ
֪ұΪҲϲҵġȥưȴڸŮ죬˶Է΢źšŮЩ£˫죬ǰ˵ֻΪҵơ
ҺܿġԺֻľƣ˵ľҶʳ֮ζ
ȴҸŮһһ

͵̧֣˵ˡ
ŮͲˣ
ǣм㡣
Ůû˵ϵıԶ׼дţʰɡ
죺Īϲҵ׽ֻϲ̡ƣϲ
Ů˼룬ԭҵıҲ֮һգɵؿȻ̽ʣǲϲ˰զ֪ģҪҽҰ㿴
ҲɵؿڲǻΪ鲻˳Ҫ¥㻹ҿ
Ų̊Եվ¥µļУһſˣҲˡ
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55 
ӺҴҸϵ
¥׵Ķӳͷȥ, ûʱᵽŮ΢΢һأ
һԵΧȺæ֮ǰиеĳȥ, ȻκҹͻȻվˡ
˸ͣǿǿ, վǻˣ
ӳƺʶʲôϽ򿪶ԽѯѾ¥̨ŵĶԱԱҲû뵽ԼƿżĻôгһĻŮ˿þɱֽڵ, ¡
ֱߣ޳࿡˾Ӹµվš
еƿͦ, Ůһ, ˼صͷ
Ա
ͶӳһܺãǰߵŮߣָָ¥ģ
ȷ, ͷŨʧ𽥱ѵŮ͵ҡͷǲǣҪҵõô˧еģȥĵϰʲô¥λ˧ǴڸãڣҸ
Ա
ǰһ¥һͿˣ
ǶԱı̫𾪺⣬ѾѵŮȻʶԼʲôԺ, ɫ΢΢һ䡣Ŀ⻮̨ſڵļԱ, ΢΢һ̽ôߵ¥ŵɫɷס
кȻ, ϽԶԱʵڲ˼, ǵˡҲ֪ҽô, ǽӵѵķֵ绰һûס, Ծ͡
һһ߻ɻ
ƽʱҲô嶯һ˰
һֵ˾֪, ˷˹Դ
еһ, Ҫû
Ա֪룬ֻǼ״̬ȶһˣ
Ůͷô˧˧綼ڸ⣬ʲô

ԱȻҲû뵽ȵôһ仰۽ǳ鴤ͬʱָָ̨ţȥ
Ůû¶㲻õˣһû˧оءҵר̵Ǹȥ
ǸǲãúõľС
ȷ˼飬Ա糱ˮɢ
ŮʾҲȻһԵСóֻ˸ӺơƵֵֹģ̫ôġ뵽ôһҲġ
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ǰһ䣺ʱܻͷ
Ůڰο㲻Ҳô˵İɣ
Լлһ£ûȷǲˡ
ŮЦһͳһصıʼǱʮҳúʹĴ־ǰѧγ̱ʼǡ
ѧУһѡ޿Σ˰ģרҵġŮмֵ⣬֮飬˼˵ԼרҵģԼϡ
ɣ𡣡

СʱŮһѹӱྱ߸п㵱һ۾Ⱥ￴ֻע⵽ۣһ鰡
Ѹһ͵ʱɳΨһװ࿴֣񻹲εġ
Ϲˡ
ûôš
Ůץ˰ѻ㻹ء
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Ů˱ơƣ㻹Ӣ۾أԼҲ˵ܺġ
˶٣˰һ䣺ڴ֡
Ůһ˵ʲôʲôķܣţֻ֣ϲ˼Ҹ̲裬˱˼Ҳ֣ڻһȥˡ

ŮɸֵؿҪҪԱһԱʲô̬ȣʲô̬Ȱ˫ûʶء
򴽡
ʵȫûԼж˫ꡣ
һֱ׳ҼᶨΪԼװףԶԷȫûһǷ֮룬ŮͻȻԼѧĿγ̻û޺áӿǶСڴ׼ʱһȥĳ˵˵жϲֱӴϲܵǧ֮УΨеøУݺøлرϲ
Ҫģ㶮ɡ
㿴㣬ȥƣռһӾ˼СҪ̲㶼Ҫ鲻
һλ˵صƽĺ棬Ĭ˺ܾãû˷뷨Ŵƺ˼
ŮһϽ˰ѻĳԣڸ໣֪϶ǶкøеİɣԲɷ񣿡
̨ķһ󴵹
ɢ˴ӺðǸ򵥵֡
ŮӵȹӣԼܹˡ
Ȼһϵоܲٵ뵽ԼΪ˸е¥޲Լһƣô˵ҲûɣһһС£Ҳջ
аɣǾ͸ظңҸ裿ȥء
ȴɨһۣͳ顣
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ԼࣺǸǰѣ˳
ʮҡ
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ԱֻϵƬȷ˶ԷݣҪҵֻ
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κٻٻ˲˼
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˿䵭ӡУޡ
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ȻӵĻǵظרɥƷĹš
ʱĴҴҲͬȥʱУҲá

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ƶ̲ۼ˲ٵˣ㡢㡢Сȵȡ
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þ۾񣬴˿ַ̻ԣڸ磬пXXѧǸҹ·Ĺҿж˵ʵ¼ıġ
ҹ·ߵߣЩɻ
Сæ֪ǰǱߵĴŰɣ˵ҹ·ʱ򾭳ֵֹʱǼУʱЦ˵ġ
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ŵȥظǰиСӵСŮǣס֣ݸһǡ
Ÿո׶԰С̧̺˵壬ԡ
ĵһʮĴô˼˼Сԣæ֣½ضԷ ϸԼԡ

Сĳһ䣺ˣóԡ
ʼҲû£ĵСݲãְ赣ǣԲŲǳǡΪСҲǡˡһֱ֡
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ţ֪ǳʲôԵɣȻһ䣺ͷ𣿡
˸˼֣Ͷ䣺˭˵˭Ǹ𣿡
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ѹøͣȻҺ죬Ҳ֪Ƣǳǳã˵֮ǰһǱץһֻӴ֣ܵҲϹһͷ˷ողɥƷ꣬ٻ˺ܶɥƷ
Լµֵֻ³Ƿǳӵһ䣺Ȼء
ЦһȻȻڻء
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û뵽ǹ
ע⵽һ𺳵ı飬ҡҡͷĵ뻹̫ᰡѹ֪ɥĲ顣
뵽ϽԶԶ룬úÿ
һΪѵػ
롣
Ҳеģúÿ׵ǲ˵֮һ
ô˵ͷȻе
ѿϧˡ
һֱûʲô΢ͷøźˡ
㲻̫ıʲô˼ϸһΪźźģ˭ǵһۼ;þΪˣ޲칫
ڡ
˭˶ӻ
λԪܲͲ
ļţͷİο㡣
Ŷˡӿڴͳ˼ƱǱиᣬҪҪһȥ棿
᣿
ͳ˵һԹŶĺõطͣÿ궼ȥġ
ϲ֣һҲûоܾ
ǡãڶ죬õ̲ϰࡣ
֪Ҫȥμӹᣬ޺̲һλԱһֱӱʾǰ࣬ȥˡϾؾ뾩ƽһξ룬ؾͿҪһʱˡ
Ҳû۾˵ллزһ͸ˡ
ЦеӦˡ
ǵڶ죬һͬˡ
ԭеƱ㹻޵ļ룬Ҫϰ࣬ûһֻ࣬ա㲻˷ƱӣûѣƤ񣬸˭ദãԴһȥ
ԺٿȻð֣˺ܾãջûȥ˽Ȼתͷ̽һء
أȥϴڼңҵÿ꣺
Ҳˡ
˴ĳأй۵ĵʿѾΪ׼˾ƵꡣصʵǸСνľƵͨСùݣż򵥵ȥһȦɸɾģ˺⡣
ҪϾŵʽʼһϵϢʱ䡣
򵥽˼ͱԼҵǼȥι۵صйˡһǸвԸ񣬷һ˳ȥûһ㲻ӰӡôھƵȤʰһ³ˡ
˾Ƶϰ壬ϰָһС֡˵϶Сԣһϲ
ȥˡ
ǹԤȵòСѾвٵˡǲŲٵСʳСӣע⵽ԶӿڣŮһͷͷ˵ʲôŮ¶̵̣ͷһͬǰȥ
գ۾˳һҧСӡ
Ȼȥ

Ҷźͬר̸˾᳤ʶġ
ǰ˰ִʹΧԵСʳû뵽ǣըʱҶŸо˫۾ֱԼĸŤͷȥһϴү
үͿȥ߰ʮӣͷѾףɫƣط·һܴ
ҶһαôſҲЩţ촽Сʣãʲô𣿡
үҡҡͷһԡ
ֻǽӹըʱ߲ζ
ҶžԼƺµʲô̽ǲǶӶˣԶ
үڵͷ
ɵҶŽĶݹȥʱү־ܾˡͬ״ҶŵֱۣС ߰ʮĴүôһըѽ
ҶҲǣһ󷽣ǵǰ˸͵үүʱһԼǮЦүʲôԡ
ү⻰ۿһӾͺˣһֱ˵лл ΡΡָָָǰɳƵ𣺡һҷ꣬Ǹݰ׷ˣѵեˡ
ҶһиɬͬŴүŷȥ
ŮȻغʹүѣ˵ͷȻקԼ·ͷʣô
ͬ򴽣ǰǵˣҧѯʣү˵ĵĶƫƧ
ҶҲǵʱŷӦǾȻ֪Ŵүյһ߰ǱķһЩ׽ܵķʶں֪˾
ҶŶ͵ԭͣ½Ų
ϴүȴȻָǰӾ͵ˡ
ȻҶźͬȴǰˡ
ĽŲʹͣͣүתϵıûʲô仯ĪؾһƤ񣬺ëֱŮ໥ŶԷ֣תܣǼȴᵽ˹ζǰһڱû˶
ٴһСʱ
ҶڻججжȻ֮ǰһУ͵۾
Ŀһխķ䣬ĶͬһŮӣŮӵͱɫס˫˫Ŷע⵽ߣеˮһ
Ҷŵпһ£ѸŤͷȥߣͬͰһ֮࣬ͬ⣬ﾹȻвʮŮӣ
군ˡ
һˡ
Ҷҧ⣬ۿɷ졣
úҪǸϴүԷģȻôԼͬ˵ز

뿴ǰĽ
һ濿ɽ˿վڰɽɽķӽúҲܼª󣬵ΧȴдƬĿյͣżһģһ۲췿ӵʱһ˹漴˾͸ʻλϵ׳³򿪳ϳһŮ
΢
ע⵽䣬˾͸ݵ׳ڵ٩죺ȺСѾͷһûУҸھˡ
Ҳ֪Ժʲôء
Լ

һ߽ͬ˷ӣеŮǸѺʮ˵խ䣬ŮǶס죬ѹں䣬ֻɪԼĺ¡
˾һĻûа˿ͬ飬ֻˣλ𣿡
䣬ڱһصĽŲüõĺ˴ӹսǴһһС΢΢ʹԴСվŵ޷̽٣ȻȰڵϵļŮȴٿȻ۾
֮¡ñסֳһ˲Żе֮ɫո¶ʬߵĺۼ
ˡ
ŮǾֵıУ˽Ӳ΢΢һ۾Ҳûȴ˸оõƺܿĺܡ
˳ϸеޱʡ
ÿһĿ־彫Χһסڱе˺Ȼ˸ˮԡһŲȽԡףëױ㶼ʵſˡ
֮µû˳ϵǴڳŮǵĶУ
Ҫ£һһýֵġ
м䣬һֻʮĵӴһӱס޷ѡʣһֻᱻȡ٣ˡǣϲһֽ֣
⣬Ŀ£ȺŮǱѾֵˡ
˳ϸ˺űŮĺڲŮͨ۾þȫȺ˷ӣú 
˳ȴֻǹ˹ǣ
Ůҧҧ˵Ļûͣ
־壬⣬ŭ䣬ðŨĺ˳ЦԽԽ
ֱʶԼЦʼڿռڻص⳹žЩ־߶ĴϢǳⶼ̼ʧһֻ΢ǶĲӣһ
Ǿ߱ں֮£ʱѳʬȻءпһֻڵĶ
˳ֻòӴĽԽԽأ𽥿ʼϢ޷֮й᲻ŵİ
֪ȥ˶ã˳ΪԼҪµʱֻȴȻһ¡
Ǳصڵϣָ׿ˮء
˼زֻϵĹ졪
ո̤ʱʶֻһϡϢȴȫȲڡҲ˵ֵʱڣϢԼʵƺǿ
ôģ
ţֱʳ
Ȼ˳ȴֻɪ壬ǿѹ²ҪԼ
΢С
ʮӺ
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վԭؿһᣬ
ָ⻹˳ϵϢ
˳Ѿˡ
еͻأ
ǿ˳Ͽڣ˳ҲܲסſʱıͻȻű㳹ɢǰ
ȻûѪḶ́ʵ̫Ϥˡ
ͬʱոյִﾩƽķӵݷֲĵ绰ץֻ˳ĹʵĹͻȻɢˣ
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56 
ɢڹ, ζų
ץ˳ʱҲֻôƺѹ޷άΡ
ڰСɳУ޳˫΢΢˫ϥǵλ, üô¡
ʵѶ˳Ĺ̺
ݷֲİ칫ﶼ, ˳ǴãԼֵʡһζѶҲǺ˽, вֶ֮˳Ҳһֱҧڡ
μ, ϱзֲ²顣
Խڶ, Ѷ
ԽɲǸƲ磬˳ڣҲַ˿졣
, ˳Խıˣƫƫǿڵʱ沿ޱͶ˶ͳɢˡ
žô˵ţŻͲС, ԽһֱڻǲԼ̫ˡ
˵ԽֵġԽԭڍڣɽ, ڣɽ˼ΪԭڣɽµĺˣԽһֱԲб׺, ϾνĲб׺ԵĶЩ˵Ķ
λԺ˼, 
ʱڣɽԭ۷, ϯҵ棬Խƺϯҵе, һԾˡ
Ҳա
, ³޳ָ𻡶, ָؽϷ죬ʣʲô⣿
شúܿ죺ΪʲôҪŮ¥
벹䣺˳ʵش⣬˵ϲŮΪҪҪӣԽţҪһȷеĻشȻûˡ
һҲû˵
˳ˣ˵ٶҲûá
˳ϵĹ죬Ҷ˵绰
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ǧߵң
ѣ
ҳּ֣
ڶ޸ɽɢԴ˽νʵԨѷ죬ٻء
ҳ
޸ɽżǻ׹ڤٻء
һҳһҳݡ
һţƤףĩβ졯ַΣǳЦݡ
˵˵һȷʵ˴š
ϾżȷʵţƤԶˡ
ôѾ͸ȥŶԣ׼ȷԣǸȥţƤΪһ룬ޡ
ҵ޵ʱںͨ򾯷ӵ绰ҵʮŮһСΧȻ󲨣ǶյϢҴҸֳ
֪Ǹˣֶû͸¶õĻ˷ӵֻʱԺͻȻܳһӰ
²Ϥʵ̫ˡ
ǷǾٰĵص㣬ǡȥ˹ᡣ
и״ʾνĺ˱Ȼ롣
뵽ǰԶģͽ˷ĶӰ֮Уǹϸ˵绰˽
ʵȻϡ
˵ԼɢԺüĸһ𣬶߱
һճ°࣬Թͻؼˣ˭û¶ҵ
˵˾ԵȣߵſڣһţĿǰ˿ϣмִͣ
绰ͷ 
޵˵ͷе㣬ȴ绰
˵ͳɤ˳ŵ绰ĶУܿƵĻ˽Ǽĺ󾱣ļ˵ġ㡱֡˳ź䣬Ŀ˵˾䡰ûġҶ˵绰
ޣ
ҵ绰ôæ
ҶˣȻֻ
ʱﻹż𾪣˵˺ôǵظλһ˿ɲҷԸʲôڶҵ¼ԸæͰæûҲֻˡ
ôˣôˣ
ʳݵ˵һ飬漴ʵʲô
ޣ
˵иѶɢˣ
ǲǺĶһ
ͻȻͻͻ£ٴο˵ıûʲô仯ڵ͸¶ɢ·ֻǲһʡȻ޺ʵˡ
ǲ⣬αصܵ
Ծһ룬ϼװȣɢˣλۺ֮ûô֪
עı飬Ȼһ
زΧ¶ȺȻ併ͣһһķӲ֪ĵطһֻˮԵ붼ش˸¡
ûжʲôֻޡ
޳˳º͵ʣǲǾһ쵽û¸صϷ
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Ȼźºͣʵºװűӡ
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һޱǰҾǻġ

ʮӺ
޵ļ뿪޻ɳ˼
ûне鶼߷ֻǸ˶Էֻ˳Ķп֪ʲôܣԱˡڵķʽȻ䡣
ҲȷԼǷȷԼ÷ƺҲе㲻ͬζ
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֪Ժȴһ֮޹ص⣺Էʲôݣ
ޣ˯󲻾ãԭۺ֮䣬λ
룬Լ˵ԣֱ׵ĵ˵ڤɽ˺˱УȻԼλˡ
ĬΪȷʣҲԣÿһεۺ֮ѡģ
ޣʲô취ѡı˺ѽѡһ˺һҲ˰ɣȥˡ
ĵôԼսףֹ˼䣬ʣ˳
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룺
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Ȱ޼䣬Ҷ˵绰
صƵϰҪֽʣֽϽ˳˳ֻɵ¼ȫ¼
ͷڰֽϵ㻭ʱҲˡ
ѹû뵽Լȥй۵ʱ䣬Ȼַô飬ȫԺҲſǰֽ
ſţԺкһ󣬵ƹ˲ʧȫ׽ֱ뻺˿ڣ֮ǰһֱãĶǶȤζϲȺŮӱģһ룬е㲻Ծ
˼ת۾ʼ»䡣
ļûʱκһ档
ıԺۣһ˿â
ʼµдֽϣ˲䷢ı仯ġ 
ԵʱӦ˳ϸŮʱ
ŮǵĿ־Լŭ
Ʋ飬ȥ˳
һһŮЩ¥Ů֮ǰֵöֻǶ˳ҪҪġ˳ҪĵʲôĶȤζѾֲѶˡ
˴ӣǸйеоģرŮǵİĽǵĵõ㡣
Ϊʲôڴ֮Ҫ¥أʵֻΪ˻ŮǵİĽûбҪŪô𾯷ע⡣
봹˵ôһ㶼Ⱥ¥Ůȥ˳ǶӦ뵽һɣΪʲôҪԼ鷳
ȵȡ
ͻȻ̧֣Ȼ˿ĹֻˣʣЩŮĹأ
˱ʣСϣûˣ˵ݷֲǵظûҵ¼ֲǱ˳ɱˡ
㣺ԣŮӰŮ¥ٰŮǵĹ궼ɱˣզģȽгɾ͸У˳ⲻǱ̬𣿡
Ļһ䣬ͼٿȻ̧Լ
㣺
۾΢΢֪ˡ
㣺
֪ɶˣ
զɶ֪ 
ʣйͬ㣬ŮǵԹޡ
㣺
˼˵Уŭ塣
ô˵ĻԼһ顪
·ΪʲôֻÿǿȼֻС·֣Ϊᾪŵ·ˡ
˵ʲôŶҶˣͶӦ˵ľ塣ôˣ⼸ֻɶռʲô
ǱøǿĶһãԶԶֹڴˡ
Ҳǿ˵ȣܱȻһͷˮá
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ڷߵǸ˾׳ȥ׷Ļˡ
㵹ֵɣһֱȥֳˡ
Ĺÿٰöʢϰ˵пʽ򳤳ϯʽҽ˷ʷÿÿ˿˯һˣú档
ʱ⣬ʲôܺ档
ȵʽȻѣĽֵȥֵ߶ǹлСڵ̯ӡûõģ˵ڽջһʾʣ֮Ҫ޵ˡ
㿴һľӣȻΪϲľϲŵĹϰ壬һʮİˣСӣƽӦòɲй¿϶û
ϰͣ½ŲΪҪţһϲϲӣ۹ĺã֪Ҽġ֪𣿾һǧǰӣӾùģ 
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ϰſָȻһ¡
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£ԭȻЦӯӯϰ壬৵û˵ҼڵĶˣôֵٿ飿Ҫ׾ѣⱲӶڵĶģ
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ϰ壺򡣡
Ťͷ룬ûԷǵ̸ʱ¶ԣʵô
ô
ĸԩͷϵӻؼ
򴽣ϰ干ͬעڣϰ壬ǸУͷˣҪͷҳ˽ɫûк
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ĵͷʱȻֳԷΪʱԷһ档ʱһĶصأǰȥնӴ
ķȴοڣǡʱֵ㲻˰ɣҰʷд䵱أɹƭôҲϰǷ
˵꣬Цеǰ˸ҽܣãǷ򵱵ص̨ĹԱǵ̨׼һʷСáȤζֱĿ֪ûȤμӣ
룺
ԱЦҿʷоĵãμӽĿǽĿ̷ǳ󷽣ʤĲ߿Եõȫ׵ԼһֽŶ
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ˣ
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أ죿
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൱
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ʱ˿̣Ȼֳ嶯ػ
ͣСҲܼã԰ɣ
˵µ㿪̵꣬ҵƯƿAPPأעСš
ԭϲݣμӽĿôˣȫ׵ĵһֽأģԺӾͲרˣϣܸϽǮѷˣͿǰ[]
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£¼Ƭ
ڶ磬ٴκһͬ뿪Ƶȥᣬ˵һɰߣʦңӺϲһĹ档˵ң䲻ҼпѾ㻹ײȥͷԺòˣܸͷӷŵͷ
⻰Ĭһ룬̲ס㲻ֽߡ
ֵûǴĻϴκڵظרɥƷǶһܾµֽߡ
صšظרɥƷһ±ˣ㻹ȥҵꣿ㲻ʶ𣿷Ƕϰ尡
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µĲ±òӺ˹꣬˳Ʊ˽ȥ
ͬʱǲԶС̯ǰ˷еĶ쳤ӿꡣ
ɫTɫ΢ףŨüۣ࿴˾ú̫ϲȵˡ
Աߵͬ鴩ǰ·ͷ̫⣺ʲôȣǰĿǵظδĵڶλˣѵ㲻뿴ǲƵôÿ˵еƵ˾ĥƤúأͷƯÿģʵﶼô
ǸĹΣȥڷصķֲʱ칫ҵԱ۶ͷϴҶ¶һֻֻ￴ֱĿе롣
ʷСáֱĿ촴ʷ¸ߣʵص̨ƵĻΨĵߵġȻ벻Ĺס
ӪڽĿеı֣ϴϣһµȶȡ
¹Ͱ¹Ǵ﷢ֵ롣
󿴵˵ƵĴ˧ڷعᣬ۾һۿ뵽ǲôÿ
᲻һЩ˵ġ
¹¹ôһ˵ȶ˵ĺٴֻһۣѸٸȥ
Ȼǽ꣬ǰȴǿտһƬһۿȥ˵ǵˣƿһĿռ䣬ռĿ˾Ϣ

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ʵ֤Ԥȷġ
Ӻ󣬺¹Ͱ¹ֻ֣ɵؽͬʱߵǰӴһץֻС˵ɣǹҺʲô 
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ϳŶһҶˣڸ룬Ǿͼ˵£ɶ
¹ԱգһԵĺ¹ͬһۣȴһԡ
ǲϿڣüòǿ볤˧ɣ
¹Ҿ뿴ǲƵô˧ҲԱһ£ûϴ˧
ǻҲǺ
Ϊͺ¹Դ˳෴̬ȡ
ϴ˧һ㡣
¹ÿ
ϣû뵽ϴ󰡡٩
ѵöԹôõ̬ȣΪȻǹϵϢʮִ⣬Щ˵Ķȫͬһƽԭ򣬴ΪԼרҵץľͶȫĹƫ̬ȡ
Цеسֻ˵ҲͦģһֱǼ볤ȫÿû뵽ϴ棿ãϴ绰ǣҲҼʶʶж˧
ֻð 
㣺ʲôõģ㣬ʱ䱦󣬲ȻͰȫˡ
Яİͳŷֽв
ֻ
Ƶܿת룬Ȼֻ޹ػǣֻ¹۾󺰣Ĳǹǵģֻ˵ϴ˸룬صܹ
㵱Ц룬ô֪뻹иϴ󰡣ҸҪˣ㣬绰ˣ
ֻβֱᡣ
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΢ЦĥĥģϻҴ绰
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¹ڲΡΡӹֻȥһ绰
վԣһЦ漴ѹ߶߶ֻȻǺùܺ˵˵Ȼ۾ûϹҷ
סֱۡ
ԼֲֺԤУҾãԡ
*


57 
ͦԵѽ
˫ֳ, һ˫۾Ųָòײͨ绰ĺ¹һӻͲй¶漴һתļ, ٷ֮˰ٵȷϣȻͷ̫, ҲΣ, Բġ
㻹Լɰߣʾһ, Ŵ, ǰĳ±ΪطƫƧûʲô˵ĹԵøžֻϱʩ۷ڽɪɪغ͵绰ͷ˻㱨ҵڴ˯ϰ, ӡ
ϰ۸ʱͷŶ޳ֻü΢
˵ҲȷϺ¹ͨĵ绰ͷȻǷΪʲôзԼִţ
˼ʮҲû˼ס
㿳ۿ죬ϰɿڣܻһקס룺˵۸ǲеˣ
һ
ϰƳһ, ̬Ȼ෴, Եʮֵʣ߶áСùĻ˵۸񣿡
ع񣺡򣿡
ϰ壺
Ӻ
һֻվڹſ, ϰɨһ, һֲֻûҽҾ͸Ұȥ
룺
㣺
صһ, Ϊ޴ײ΢΢ζĴŹϰٵҷŭ顣Ĩ˰ѶͷŤԴԵ, , ðһ䣺򻹵, ȷʵе˹
ִ٣İգǸҵʱ顣
ڰ֣ʲôǸҧ򲻿죬ġ˵ҶҪǰ죬һȥɥƷͷֽˡ
˵ԹԵصͷͷⱲҲģҲòôõĶ
룺
οԼ˳ע⵽΢üģղŻ겻ģµΪʲôաŵĹŵϣ˴¹ֱۣЩЦ룺㲻ỹֻɣ
û㣬ͷ
㣺ҵкģҸҷ϶ں˵˵ţ̽һ¡
תֻüʵȻ˵ϴ󣬲һϴʲôӣϲʲôû룿
ֻ
ֻᣬΨһһμڵظĴҴһƳʱǿĳࡢǿ͸һˮ˷ڵ͹һĵըˡظֻøһţơ
˵ļ棬Ҫݷĳ࣬ƶǲܵġοϲʲôû룬ֲϴĶô֪
ע⵽ǳɵģʼһ㿴ɣҾ˵Ǻ˵˵ı顣
뻹ڹڻһ顣
޳ָָź¹С˵Ҷ󡣡
Ǿ͸Ǻ˵˵ˡһ˵ϴĶҪҪԴǵֱĿԺ˹ϹС㶼ιȥˣѷʱ˵Ϲÿÿüֱˣû𣿡
룺
ЦһָϴҲǵĿС˿ء
˵ִֻĿûУ
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˫һ̯
ı黹мֲȷּҲֻ϶Ҳ̫ԸⱩ¶ϴԲŻᳶϷϾҲ֪ǿǺպۺ֮һֲˣͻˣ
߼ʮҺ˳
ĬĬ߶˺ü飬˵ǿŲ̫ƽҲһֵٶ
ֻʲôҪ˵ȻǺֱˡ
ƽԺ󣬺˹ᣬһСʱ㶼˻ؾƵˣȻֻϴûˡڷɳϣ¹Ĳı鶢ô£ϴ治ˣû뵽һλҲûУˣ·ɡ
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ֻȴ֪ʵͼһҪ·һֱǿ̵̣ؾͿһֱ˵Լϴһǵģ޵ٵȵȡ
мΣ㣬ѹǰɣҲûʲôۡ
Ʋ죺뿴ܺĳļһﳤɶءϴҲ̫ˣôСܣզһ㷴ӦûУ⻻ңҿ϶ˡ

绰ǷߵĹ칫ΣֻſǻûסȹҶϵ绰Ժ˫۴͵ضǰֻһʱԡ
Ĭӣһ˷ԼЯǮͳһٿ飬˿ڴ̧뿪칫ңȴŲԶһŤͷ컹е˳ǰ
ϻǼصػϵİ׳һſûʲô顣ղȥ˸̨ɽԭȹѺĵط⿪ǲ۷ɽڲѾһƬʬɽѪŨѪͬһһϣȾ˺ɫ
Լ֣һֻ򳡣ֻ򳱾ѿ컯ԣķʽԣץ˹Ѻڴˡ˵Сʱʳࡢֶ䱩ŰͨҪɱʮѶȵġ
˺ˡ
򴽣߻ϵ˿ڣŬѾѪζܾлϤϢ첻Ըɽʼ꣬ˮڵϣѾ̵ѪҺɢڶŨǼŵĺ죬ɾ
еˣֳҲûرתȦ׼뿪ʱֽӵ޵ĵ绰

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Ҳʱʱ̱̿绰
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˵̫ãڹ滹ͦģüѸٵԽֳ㱨һ飬һ䣺Ǳأ
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ţ̾һŵֲûǴĻǱߵɽҲǼֲѺֵļҴ
δ˵꣬ɽȥˣȥطɡ
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ԱʹͷǮͳˡ
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β˰Ѷͷ亹뵽ֻε˲㿼ǿͨҪ汻˺ƱˣҲ̫ϧˡҵ飬Ѹٽֻ֪ܵ˷
Ժ󣺡
Ϊʲôᱻܣ
ΣҲҲûʡ
˳ĵܷеӵģܰ󵽵ظĹͷˡ
Ҫǰɣһڤң·

ŽֻĹ˵ʱзصýҹ˵Ҫɷ롣뱾ܾʵ̫飬Ҹ벻ִ̽˽Ϣýı⻹Ҫʷ
ϣûپܾ
ڵȴɷõĹУóֻƯƿAPPСŵĺ϶ѻ˲߰ƿӡһ򿪡ַ꣬صġ룬Լ˿̵ȴɷõ¶дӳȥ뵽ֻ޵Ĺ
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ȥĲɷҲ˵һ㣬ֻѯ뼸ͨ⡣
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Ļ棬Ĵǹ˵Цݡ
˽̸˼䣬߱Ŀ뿪ˡıӰߺԵӰʦпһ㶼֪Լ˵ˣ֮ǰǸųɵ˻ǵðɣΪװ籬¼Ŀүһžӡ
Ӱʦͷĵôܲǵ
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ˣſֹϡ
ٴδ򿪣ùݵȡķǶţλȾͷȽϰҲй۵ĵǾѡġ죬ļžͬ㷿ųйй¶ظ֪˿ƯŵĵѪζкһ
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ڤҵָָؽڷɫŬαװŵĵȴѾ˸Ѫͷ
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˵ӰʧſڣǿﻹŵѪζ㶼ҪΪǰĶԼĴָݺڴȴ⧲໵һг
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ʣģ̫ˡ
룺ΪʲôҪԼ
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ΪֻǺ˵˵˭֪ǵĶͷϴëɣû¸ʲôѵר㡭
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ʱֻô˵š
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û߻ͽС̯ӣ뵽캰鱻ϰϳɵӣĶ̫ˡ 
뵽ǰ͵Ưƿ뵽ԼԷ˵׬Ǯ׵¡
Ҳա
Ѹת˻⣬ΧС̯Ҳͦ࣬ʲôĿƳһ̲꣬ᳶ˳·
촩һеİ׳˳ֱߵӿȥĳָĹ档Ѿע⣬Ҳûɿ
㿴۾˵һתҲתȥ
ǰ̲ı
룺
аɡ
̲꣬ȥ㵥ŶӡСƱͷҪȥʱ򣬾ȵطѾһȺŮΧˡ
۾߹ȥ
໺üұȥˣû뵽￴㣡
θֱĿ˧
˱Ƶ˧
ѹֵϲܴӼ򵥵ļ仰
Щмܲסǵ飬Щ̫˼ЦЦ
ҲǴ˿̣վںͷķ˽վֱߵк˳ȥк⧲һ²ҽ뻳С㱻̧ס˼ϺŵϢһ˲ӿǻ
кóס
Ǽ״壺θ磬ϲˡһ۾ϳǵǸΪտѵˣ
ԶԶԣǸʱϲˣźûеǣ

˵𽥱òƣǶǿкĳ࣬۾̫СҲСһ㶼ͦòÿоûʲô
һŲ
һ룬ºͺЦܸлϲ
һ·;θˣиֱӺ˾ϹܣͲˡ
˵ĳĬʱԵøע⡣
뾪ǰ²˿ȴĬԣȴڻκٻٻʱ˵ĻϲӦúɣĽ֣ϾͻȻðǿ͵Ҳûܡ
ֺ˺ڡ
죬ͻȻ˿ڣǸԭҶ֪ˡ
룺ȡ
㱻ˮǺ̲סʺ̫ΪʲôҪڴ˿ͻȻ顣
һ룬Ͷˡ
Ϊ˵
û˽
㻹ûͬ⵱ѡ
*


58 
һֱ˾Ƶ, 뻹Щججġ
ݵļŰϣĽŲԺвܿƵؿʼԶطŲڷһСһ䡰㻹ûͬ⵱ѡ֮, ˽̸ײĲڷ·˲˼µİ
һĶԼĺ, ӹķ⣬Լءءصǿ
ڵգҲûգôضŷ
Ա
ķҲûж򶨡һɢڴ, ʼǲֱ̫ˣǲٶ̫ˣǲĻһ˽ȵô죿
ôãõĶõ, ûϲ˰ɣ
ҵ˼ٶ, ˽룬ƽһᵽʲôоɤۣŵÿˡ
, ֮ǰŸһС
ⳡеĽ˵ãҲ˵á
ΪûܳΪѣҲûֱӾܾ
ǧǰҲ󰮹
˿̵ķһǱȷ󵨸ֱӡӡĴǧǰӦĽǡΪĺѣĽǵһź񶼾Ͷһ顣
ڶǾҹ, Ҫǲܺһ, Ǽֱܡ
³ؾ͸ˡ
ʱĺֳһͬĿĽ, Ľǲԡ
ӢӦҲǶĴ, Ϊֹδ˭ܹܾ
, Ҳһ
Ȼº͵ĸ֣˼
ĽϵЦݽӲˣŷҪק࿼ǿǡ׷޿, ȭͷ
Ľ۽ϵ״̬°Ż, ȥҪ
Ȼȴû
ȴ, Է˵һ٣ܾû
˳Ű廬ڵ̺ϣ΢΢üʼ˼ôͷƺһие߳ѡ񻥲ϵ˷ס
˰죬Ҳûס
ϲʲô
˻ѯе룬վţվ㡣
㴩һ·쳤ӳ濴˿ĵƹеĽ䣬ɨʱδӰС˾䣺ڰɣ
ڣ飬Ͽرôˣ
ĵ뿴ûаȫ
һԽԽֻô죿
һ߻ش𡰿ûһߺȻķߡ뿴ıӰʱ˳ϵһӣȻǷģԭֻʱĸ׾סͿʼȫ̷ʳ֪ζٴλãȴûо۽
ֵһž·ϴүʮµͣҨӵ΢΢ȴźЦݣڹ˿¶ϲã˵óԵʱ
˼
˵ȥϴּ䣬Ӱ뿪ҲӵĴү˻ȥҲûô͡
ʱĲһˡ
ţһŷ¶ȭͷͱۺ֮ƢըķҲûĵȴһظ
˺ܶ߰ĶֱǰһǳӲ̧ȴѾʹ£ʲôҲû˵
㻹ǳӣ˼ע⵽ֽʱ۾ٿرһ´ܵߣܳ𣿡
Ĭ룬ͳһԲԲӷġ
㣺ʲô˼ܳһ
һظġ
ͻȻе̣òס֡˵ѸٽӻؿڴֱףҲˣ
һллҪز٣Ҫǳ˼ҵӻˣ
Ǵƣ۲ΪŽԼʵĿ˵˳ҵȻʮһĸҪߣղŵĵӸ˵ǱжԹȥǷ·һ顣ȷ˾͸绰
Щ죬漴ͷˡ
ֵҪ㣿治УӦú 
˵þûˡ
ǲµɻָָԼķ䣺ʱ㲻ܵҷ俴Ӿˡһֻôϲ鰮ĹѪԱöˡ
Ȼô˵ˣҾʹ˹ûʡֽɰǮء
ڰ֣뿪뷿ûþͱŰˡһһ뿪ֻ֮ʣ·һ
룺
ͻȻеڡ
ϴڴʱ˼Ӧ
˿յδ̫ãںҹӵ޵һ绰Щ˯绰һͨż˵£յ֪ͨɽɽѺѪϴҺͷֱ鿴δõõղţѺһƬɽҲѪϴˡ
е˯ⶼһʧ
˵Ϲȥʰ¶¥ʱ뵽˼룬óֻԷ΢ŵ绰绰δͨ˱ѾװسǰվصʱĹ⣬΢ӰӡӭԴ㵵񣬷޸Ҵ绰ˡ
߰ɡ
ͷĿȴ⻮𪳤ָקŵֽǳȻˣЩζɢûסһ䣺Ӻó𣿡
գ۾һ
Ǻ˵֮ǰɳϷʱָԾֽ˸ӡӦʱѾڣŴ֮дŵζе񫡣
뵽ʱζƫͷˡһ㣬˵ƫĿԱͦüԽȻ˻Ҫÿ㡣ɷϣĳɫǡôķϡ
ŬƲЩ˼˵˾лл
˵䣬ΧŨĺӿһֻ̤֮϶һĨ΢ĴУ˵ָݵ󲿣ת֮Ѿ޿еɽ
˳ֵϢ޺ͽһʬ飬ѪζȵҹԣüһĻȣǵһμѺرʬ׵ĳ棬ѪҲ̡ܲ
̵ҲѾǧǰ
߹ŰʬɽҰ֮䣬һѻȥС
ջ˼̧ǰߣ˶ˣڷ֮С뱻ͻȻקһ£ȻҽһӲĻ˵ǰأϢ˲壬ǻȻУƺԶɳ͸żֹ˵ζ
Ѹٸ𳱺죬Ǳ̵Ƶ͵˵ŵǰŸһͷ
ȴ޹գۣ˵Ǹ⣬𣿡
룺

˵ע⣬ڵһʱŤͷϽ֣ĻɤԵ˹ȥ
󣬿ŲԽԽ죬·ÿһ
Цֻֿɰġ
Ϊ޼ɵɨݵıӰԼֻֽ֡ոմ֪ļжϸ壬֪¶жԸԵˡ
ԣԸΪ˳١
߽ʱʬֱͷһֻͬе⣺զһģʶ
û˵ĵֹʶ̧ͷ˵ܿұĳˡ
彭˹õؽͣڷղյ޵Ϣһˡ
ɺܺ޶ûж໳ɡοиҪ飬ǰʬɽɽļ޲ԼصԱϢ
޴طżȻصҲɽҲ֪òܷ
ߵߣ򵥽ɽͳɽҲʱ߹Լߵһֻʬ壬едпּңβմѪϢ֮ϡлδ̵Ѫ쮽һİľз紵ʱҶһҡѪ׹
δ
΢ԱȥȴһѪҲ˵ɱ¾
𣿻Ǻ֮ǰһ
ʱû
βһת˳ͷעĿʱ룺㻹ǵ֮ǰʱ˵ģαװɳƭյ𣿡
뵱Ȼǵá
ҲѺָָǰĴƬѪ֮أıһǧ򾣬˵ǵõ͵ĻԵǧǰͻˡһĻܻû
޵ͷͿһеֺˡ
˼˵ͷ
ͨ򾱻г˵ܻûһǧô
ΨһˣԣһһҰɡ
˵Ӱɢɽ۾ΪĵĵطȥƬ紩ʬϢۣеӹڵƽһֻܻͷȥ˵Ľȡ
з˲üýż߿һʯͷ
ĸ֪ΧеİϢڸתȦ߿һһʯͷЬӼҶѪƲۣһеɵ顣ԽԽͷµҲӴ˼֣ʯͷһ·ɳȥһͲխķ϶
ͨ򾲻ͬע⵽Ӹ¸ķʱϸ忪ʼԾش
˳ĵҵˡ
ƫͷޣ붼ûֱӺڡ
жܵñӻ졣ԺһؽˡȻʱͻȻ뵽иˣĵĻͷȻ˼ؿ

֪ҲԼˡ
˿ǰµӰʼǡڰһ߿ü
뷨£վˡ
ޱ飬ĵˡ

ȻҵãҪʱơǽֳ޴ŷصԼļңֺ˹¹
ƵĹУ޸ͷˮߵ࣬ʵô
ͦǿ󣬶û˵Ҫò˶þָܻջָԭʳԼ⣬źȷʵһҪرһ㣿
Ϊǰ޳˳ע⵽뿴
ȻûڣôҲʶôˣ޾ԼҲЩ˽⣬³ɻ󣬱ͣǺ죬ҲǺ
졪
Ϥ֣ü
ûע⵽ı飬뿿ڴ˼ź֡
˾ǳݵƽһڱ˿ͷɡ˼һھĺͯǺͯ߰꣬ҰȺУͺִʱԷѾҰҧסȡȻкһԣҧʯͷҽҰǵ۾
ҰǵѪкϣһ̵кۿʱ˶
߽͵һũļ
ʮк߱ɱ֣Ȩߡ
ʮǰ·ǳʱԹصʮǰպ·ʰš
ʱףһоĿĵġ
ֻĿĵĳЧҪ²ܼ
һԵҲ
ʮ꣬ǧʱδ̫˵㡣
ԺǱһȦһȦҵòСǡ깴µ´˳̧ȥԭѾΣʮ߰ڴϣ˫ۣɫҰס
Ѳˡ
û£ҲһĹµļ򣬡л˰
ǵսС
˵õ޿϶ĻشŰ뿪ͷҲûʲô˼ǡʱ޸Ϣ˾ͻ֪ͨǣǰϢټСֻʣվŵͷǰ߳һ˲ڣȴȥ
뵽ͻȻԼеϵ·Һܰȫ㲻õġ
Χĵƹ΢ֱ׳롣
뻨ʱʶĻǡؼҡ
֮ǰǾ䡮㻹ûͬ⵱ѡֻǿ
ָһʱԣӽ󣺡Ծܾ
ôôء
ɵ
ҸУ㲻ùҡ
룺
˻ͬСƵزŲӣһ֮ǰ˵뼸ӿŲؼңһ뵽ŵֻ½ŲżûʶһƣһŤͷͺȻضϷۣƺԤϣлܵЦ⣬˵һ䣺Ҹء
ǵ٩ʹȤЩǱػͷֱͦ塣
⴫ĹȶȺĴ鲢ƽ
òװСſڣͷһ޹ҿȥ
룺
аɡ
̧ߣôãǵҲˡ
Ƚ˷䣬ŵƣɳֻʼ˼ҪҪϢ˵Ĭãߵ̨յĴƿһ죬õ׼վ·µˡ
̾һϢʱ䲻ˣȥϢ


ǰص˾ƽ򣬵ڶȥ̲ϰˡ޼Եʮ⣬ʣ᲻ôôͻˣ
ʵҺ㶼ʱ£Ծǰˡ
޵ͷ߶߶˵˺ܾõΣ˭˵иеС̲̲赱еͷϣǱҪ
ȺеŶ׷ʱʲôĻ˵ӵ˾ͲϧˣУжصʯͷص£Ȼ͸ƿδķ˽
ޣ
Ҳ֪ûղŵĻӸ˴˸кϰþûʲô
˵˱̲֣ѸٳǩڱϺǳȻؽӵݸ룬˼ԡǰĵӻģʱû⣬ھúﶼ⡣
ע⵽ߣ·̨εʱ˵һ䣺лˡ
Ȼ󿴿ʱ仹Եøտ̲ţޣϷ𣿡
ʲô˼飬ͷ룬̲裬ı鿴ȥϰ⡭ӦòǶ˵İɣָָԼıӣͷ
ޣ
ܳ
Ͽȵ籨ԱϷ
뵽Ƥ¼ˡȻǷĿ̫ƣܾԼҪǾܾԷƤ³Լ³ֻӲͷƤͷӺѾϷ޿˹ϵ˽ģ֪ϲʲô𣿻ƽʱȤҲС
ޣ
аشսĻ˿IDȷʵǵظרɥƷû
ԡ
ϰԼϷʵֻΪ˽Ȼϲã
üֿ룬ԼԼ֮Լ׽ʲôͷִȻӾȵʶһ㣺ʶ뵽ڣٿʲôȤ
Ψ
̽ŻظϲǮͰԣ

Ҳǡ
Ϊ̫ܲˡ
˼ţ޵˽˳ҿϷ
ظרɥƷ꣺Ϊ˱ˣŽ⡣
ޣ
ԼҴϷʲô
Ըһ΢Щ⣡
ط˸ۣһֻͬʱҲֻŵϡոս̲װϵ˵ĶԵЩ⣺˵Ϸ𣿡
ޱ״ǰһͻȻ뵽ϰʱ䣬޹̫á
ޣ
ǡ
ȷʵŷҲû˵ʲôֻǽ̲͵˷С
һ磬̲ĳϣֻżˡ˵ֳ°ͣĿ᲻˽̸׼СϵϣûԷֱ̧ۼӺʱ΢΢ϾĶTԼ¶һؾ֫Լ̫⣬ķУصشѾԺеĻʵ԰γ
ǰãȴвͬ
뵽ǿȶԷԼƬ
ϧʱ̫ڶ컹Ƭ
Ļ͸ܶԺ
źˡ
ָʶشֻĻ㿪ƯƿAPPռƯƿ
ԭϲݣڹץֻĹǸңԱץˣ޵غϴһǵġPSѾȥСʱˣϴûҾϴû[]
ĹؼʣͷðһʺԼ˼Ĳ롣
ûǴĻƯƿһҲ[ԭϲ]IDԷ˵μӽĿõȫ׵һֽ˲¶ɫָȴٵ֣ܿ죬ʷСáֱһԾż㱻徵ͷҲ˿ûпӡ˷С
ƵϷз̨ٲ֣ϲѡٻ񡶹ʷСáһȫ׼ҵԼһֽ

ô죿
ҪƯƿAPP˵ְƯƿ͵
Ҫˣ
ɲʱֻͻȻ𣬾̲ڵһȦˣһ㶣ӡ
Ӻͬʱ޵ļ
ˡ
ͷִʱں˵ߵɫɺܲ԰ף֮ǰǸģȴǺ˲١ڴϣŵʱĻ档̸ֻཻܻĿճ䣬ЩЩȴкڡںߣԭڽ֮С
¶ʱҲ㡣
ǳ֮ͻȻܵһɼ˵ƣδ۾кɫŨĵгԼѵʹȥſڵϲҶȸΪ幹۾װѾżΪʹ鴤廹ڸ֪Լʲô¡
Ϊʱ㹻޸ٶҲȽϿ졣
濪ʼԶԭǹʹҲ𽥼ʱĵ۾
㿴ʲô
һź۵ˡ૵һŨĺЩצġ
ˣ
гָ㣬̶֣ŨһƮǰԷȻֱͫϵʹǺˮӿ˲佫ȫϯ
ɪɪģջغʵ֣
ҧݵͷ
ǹӦûֻĹ

Ĭ֣ҵԺдܹܶ˼ӹѪϴѺأ˵ĹΪУôѺأ
ɲǼ䣬ел
׵ĳָȻס
˸⧲ķȻ֪Եɣװû֣ʹš
ȳ뵽ʲôˣ
־塢Ľ飬Ⱥռ˵֧
ʲô˼
һ±ƵޣԼڹϵķֻδ֪Էһ飬޵ľ㵡
ԷüԼ˵ʲô֧ʲô
ʱ֪ڴ֮ǰǧУֻ֧һλɽ
죬ͻȻеԡ
ðһֲ²⣬ȴҽ˵ڡΪ²δ̫ͷ̫¡
侲˳ʱſȻüڣΪһɽ
޾ɤӸɬʺǣкܶÿһΪɽ
һ顣ǿķɲࡢ֣һҲֱЧĽݾͨɹ˺ͬ࣬ͬࡣղŵ˵ʱЩΪһɽĹֻҪ໥ɱɱ֮µֻǿġҡ
ͣ٣Լ̳ɹ
ޣȵȣҪ侲һ¡
ͷûдҪ侲ޣȻɿɳϡȻ˼ģѹûע⵽ղһ˲ͷй׽ĽӴ
޵ķӦΪֲ²ȷʵס
ڵֺܺ
룬Թ˵˪ô˪ѪƳɵ¹ѪơҩպҲܶӦ˵ο˪ϻи²룬ҲǻΪһء
ҪȷһҲͦ򵥵ģֻҪ㿴ǵû䣬ͿԶ϶ûйϵˡ
˶ɵˡ
룬뷨ǲ̫Ƚ̫ˡ
ǡȷ޷
һµͷ۾ʣǣ᲻ҲΪһ㣿
볶˳ĳ
Ҳֹ
˶֪ǧǰλ䣬սҲڼǰ˯⣬׷ֳ㣬Ӵ˳ɢ䡣
ʱִĺ塣
ǧ۶ɣӵϵĵλȨ
ǧǰв
ǧ봴λʱҲûпܡ
վ޵ļ򣬽Ӵ֮ѣȥ绰ɡ
ޣá
ڵϴʡиϻģ·һһܣȵ·ƿżǰĲһӺ϶ǵϱ䡣
յĻش𣬲δеȡ
ɳϣڵƹֻܰеӻĻ˸ڲż¼Ƭ
ӴƮһƨԣЩ˼ʣô׵鰡
ٷ֮ʮĿ԰ɡƫͷ
ϲԶ̬ģʵ̫ÿԵɷļУλ޸ɽĲ̫ãɢԴΪʱĵظԹص
ҽͻȻ뵽һ顣ҵҵֳ˵Ҫһս֮ǰԶڶҵǰϣյֳϢӶʱңҪΪ׼һҪҴӶһź顣
죬ֻΪ˺Žһ𣿡
񣺡
ʵΪһֻڻð亹
Ƿƹм¼ƬĻŵ֡
˾ǳݵӦܲµɡ㶨¶ע˱ԺԼ񶼵Ԩѷǧʱ䡣
û顪
ΪеһԱ𣿡
*


59 
ƶʼ֧СԴת
Ŭ˼, ˼˽Сʱһ䣺ᣡ
һԭڰСʱڷɵ𴦵˼ȻקءûܷӦΪλͻȻðһ֡, ǵƵ˲ɢ, ס΢΢鶯۽ǣΪΣҲʲô, ôġ
ȴôãĺˮζ, ÿһεİڶڲͬ뷨, Ҿǻôһ֧˵žͺţơȻˣѡ, һǸϲ㡣
˼һǸϲݡ
ԣȷʵˡ
ɳ֮У̬֮ǰƣ˼֡ǡڵĵƹºü˾ɵ٣һ֮ɢе
ЦЦϧ, ԸôҲʵֲˡ
սٵ, Ҫһսʼ
Ըͱˡ
Ȼһ㣬ҲǱ޿ɾҩһ֡ĻԼ֪Լ񶼵Ԩѷǧ궼Ǻȵı
Ҫǻ, ȥһܡ
˾ǳݵ, ĳƺ, ӦҲûǿɣʱ϶ܰÿ޵
һĳһ, Ʋ, ʵϸҲа, ǲ֪񶼵Ԩѷǧж֣ÿһʱ䶼ҴҲġ
³üЦЦʣǲǽ˸ࣿ
һ㶣ϸһ·ֺˡ
Щ꣬ƽʮӭһֻֻ߶ЩмǴ򶷶ҪԿ˷ܡԨѷ첢ʲôõطȳѷҲԨԨܳ˵ģǻŲ·ԽԽȥûþͱ˸š
־˺ԭأͳ˲
ļԼ¾ͻ˽룬ȴ֮ǰͬͨͨ޺ɱһ۶δת
Ҳģֱ˳˯һ˯һ꣬ӏԵķϷѣһ̤Ԩѷ졣
˻䣬ƲµĻȸ󣺡ֲʲôõطҲ֪һȥǶ
ȷʵõطҲΪѡ˯ĵص㡣
񣺡
񣺡ΪʲôʼҲԨѷ죿
ش𣺡֮ǰԾԨѷ졣
룬ͻȻȻ򣺡ҾǸĹģĹĻйأſƸ棬һСʱٿ飬ϵİٿ飡Ұװ׸Ǹһǧ꣬һǮûң⼸ûģ
ֿ˺ѷΡ
붼е¡
Ҳû뵽ص
ԵͬʱֲúЦȷƸƭӵļ
漴óָ˵һֱûֵֻⲻģڲ׬Ǯ㣿
Ҫô˵ĻҲǡ
ĵǿսսŬֱҪ̫㡣
˵Լڿˡ
ʱ䲻磬⳵ʻˣڸ߸ߵͷ ¹Ӵķ϶뿴Ѿֵļ¼Ƭ˹ػԶļˣȥ˯ˣҲϢ
ͷ޳ıӰսңȻ˳ɳ¡
룬ʲôʱܰɳɴɺʴͣ͸ˡ

ص
˵Ÿ˯ˣʵҲδµĵһʱϢʱڽܵĶ̫࣬˯⣬Ӹѡڴͷλãʼͣ享ڻδЩ굽ʲô顣
źǣΪ̫߰࣬˾ְλ֮٣ǿĺۣ˭Ҳ˭
䣬Ҳûߡ
ʱɽң;ҳɹԲ֪ΪԴ󷢣Űɱɽ飬ԵİҲ¡
õϢæɽ봦ԣٻ񶼣ȴֳֻµһš
ϵݲ࣬˼ɢѾҵǵĵط벻ȥ
󣬺ֵԨѷס˶ڴɢǸ֪ԷԼأǲס
ңΪѡ˾ɽ
һλ֮ϵĻɽƺر֮Ҳ⡣ѡ񶼵Ԩѷ촿ΪýԨҲʺȾѪ
Ժ˼ǺֶΣԷӳѡ
Ԥ֮ڡ
ԣսٵѣ⡣
*
ظרɥƷꡣ
ڵҹڵĵƹȫϨһȴ򿪣ҹһֽƷ֣ż¹˲ڽ䴦޳ӰǸСɳУ޳ָţƤѾĹţƤٴηʱܾǰЩ
ÿһ仰ÿһֶзˡ
ضţƤϺ֣Ƕʱա
ǧǰڤһΪ¡ꡢ־ĵط
ʶһֻƮɽּĹĹһ޸ĸһˣСһֻ־ܰһ죬ּ䣬ĿһԶ֮Ѫɱ
ǿĶϢŨͬɫĳУվԶҲܸܵױȵѹȸСڽԼܵ˺סϢСȴûԶ룬ܿ·֮ء
ֻиΪֱӡָ׻ʱŨĺָһգָۣѾǶԷļ˺̼ŶĤһֱ۱ק
ϱ۵ĶŭӲʵԣ̼ͱԷ˽¡ȿԼֱ۱ۿԼһʳһź·ѵһʳýʳĶ¶ޱܵı顣
ȵʳﶼ𣬶䷢ܵ̾
󣬾ڷΪ뿪ʱȴŤԴ
ɲǼ䣬˫ͬɺ۾ϡ
ԼЦݣ¶ᳰת뿪ˡ
Сֻ᲻κȤ
ԭվ˺ܾãڻجج뿪ԭ·ʱһֻֻʵȻǰŹֻӵͬơʵǿϼ֡
ԷʱͬδʳĶǼ⣬бŷľ
Ƿ־Զеĵһɱ
С屻˺ּϣֱ۱ݿʳЦصڶߴڤɽ
ÿһʹڸ߷
Сȴľ
ǲԼηɱֻġֻ֪ԼѹʱѾԷȫ븹С
ʳζûǰ
ǱصɽĬֻصȴԼ˺ֱ³
һ֮ʼͣĽʳ˺ÿһֻĶüָʯϿһһĺۼ
ǿʯÿһʤͬѺӢη֤
㲻Ϻӣڰ˸ºĶʱ˺ǿĶ֣ĽʧܣֻԼΪնһһҰһԷʳ
ִͣͣﶴڵʱİ˵ɤ㿴ȥеҡ
ͷߴ˾վڲԶ£ͨĳ࣬ȷԼʶʵҲʶڤɽʼն˽롣
ǵһ
ҲûʲôɫΪ˫۾ʱ˱˵עſͽ
ĵҲû
Էе˦βͣɽԹԵ˵˺ܶ໰Լݣֽ硣
ܶԺ֮Աǣʶڷرġ֮ǰֻһڤɽһֻ׵ܣ̧ͷһСƬա
ܸɱΪڤɽһڤӣûκζܹǰط
ӳ𣬾ͱһ
еȴȫȻͬ
˵粻ֹڤڤ֮⣬ۺִ֮Ƶظǧڣ
˵˹֮л֣࣬ʣµˣҼĵܵ٣˵ϲ
˵ҪȥǾֻܱøǿɽɽĿⲻþڤ

һһ֮ķΧԼ͡
ÿһηصڶܿɽ֮£ڵҶϥϡر۾ȥûκα仯زƺƣ
ٺӰһһӽ͸
һμʱվǿʯͷϸϸĺۼע⵽ĵ¶ЦݣڻˣһǴԶˡ
ûʲôرı飬ֻҪˣǰĵܵܣ֪ܵҪˣ𣿡
ȴЦᣬǵ
ŶһܵҲ
˼һ£ͷ۶Եȷģϣܻøá
ûٺͷǽһţƤݵ˷ǰ϶۾ЦݣлĻȥٰɡҽʣ̤ڤӡ
ܾãţƤ¡
ת뿪һһʧڷУӰ𽥱ޡ
зӹڤɽΧɫҶ죬Ƿ·ĸ롣
ۼ֤һλǰɢ
ֻص˶ӣÿһع鶼һ˿ڣŬ
ȴǿӺ߹ȥˡ
˳뿪ڤɽ
ΪԽڤһ䲻ʵҲµ飬֪Ϣۺ֮˶ǰҪԵɡ
Ƣ̫á
˺Ǽ˺˱УڤɽֻΪһεۺ֮

޳׵ָʶţƤ
ļŻԽԽ
žɥƷڻŲۣҹҪŨĺɫԼһư졣飬غ͹ӿ˴Ӻҹ
Ե֪ѪϴɽֻʵǿĶжĳЩĲ²˼֡˼ãջǰظ
Ƶ
ӿδֱӻش𣬶ϸ㱨ĵʵ巽ۡʮ޶ڵظ뿪
뿪
ĸ֣ü΢΢һ̧۵Ⱦ˵ζ
Ҳ˵ֻǿĶڵظ
ôôء
ӿһתѹȥڣɽİڸңڣɽһź۵뿪˶ֻɽѪϴʱǸлδء
гطأ
طûʲôرġ
˴˼
ŻȶŵɣʲôϢʱ˵
ӿͷ
㱨ӿҲ˼ʱ䶼פڵظϲ˼Ȼʱȴסȵȡ
ӿͬһʱ̧ȥ
ͱص׼ܼشȻϵǣǶȴֻЦЦع˹½ˣһ˽¡
˽£
ӿضһۣŹã±ơ
˵ı飬жʱһЦװõͦ޹ġ
ϵЦ˼֣ȴŪ˭ҧгݣ˭ҥҶ󣬻ҥظˣ 
أ
ӿ
д²ûжӣѾĬʮذȾܡȻ˵׻̫棬ۼϾܷٳɥƷӻصظ˵ԴȻײӲֻغ͹ӿѾһƨ˵ϡ
ޱ۶ɵϴ˳ʲôӻûǣʲôء
 /ӿ
˵Ҳô
Ŀŷı飬ʺĿİģǣϴ˵ҿԽ͵ġֻ˷޾ȺлذеһжлذǴ˵ȥģ
ӿͷԶԶԣлذҵģ
Ŷ˭
ӿ
ǡǿɾͶˡ
ӿ޿޲Լϳ¡
ػģϴⲻ㿪㿴㣬ᵥˣ߸͵Ĺжˣò׶һδģⲻףһ
𡣡
ֵķζؿ
ضʱоˡ
ڶ죬ظרɥƷ׼ʱꡣŵңɥƷڵĲҶϰҲ̵˾ţŹǷͬʱ۽ɨڴţԱ˸кСȰ
ֱ
ϰʣǵǲʲôڿôһֱڹǺģ
أ
ʲôӣֱֳ
ϢԼ۵ĺ󱳣ϲɫ¶ɻ飺ǺϰҺ˯ѽǲˣ
Ҷϰ壺
ˣ
Ҷϰıһ˲ȻиǺɡϸǰ˵ı飬޹ϣôƭ˵ӡ
һɣˣ
ؿ϶صͷ岻̫ ˯ú硣ϰҲ˵ͻطϢˣΡ
һαһθϵĻشòҶϰɻ󽥽ɢ
ԹԵصͷô˵пܣΣϾεˡУҾͲˡ
ĿŲҶϰصػһ
վԭػĳ棬ǿ治һ׸ġϴ˵űԱԣȺСôȵùȫǵ氤ᡣ
뵽ȥֻ棬ԼҲԼá
뵽ϴ֮ǰ۷ѽѵΪ̫۷ʧЧˣ
ɵͰ߽ɥƷ꣬ûʲôض˹ӿƣֻͬʱ̾һ漴ӿ̧۵ֻ֣Ļݸؿصͷ
£
һ죺ʲôҪҷæϴһ٣
ӿ͵Ĺ㻹ŷ棿ˣºģĺпɸֻ費һ˾ĵõɮԵر飡ȥϴݰݣ׷
أ𣿡
ӿȻ
´˴ֻҳתһ̳
ԾתǣµԵҲ̫ˣҵʮ꣬һǰȥ°ҵӣҺһʣǶȥԣ
ĵôȻ۾˳¥£߰ʮظȻһ붼ͬ¥˵
صסӿֱۣߣߣ
ϴҸһ붼ܵ飡

ŵ̲꣬òĸѾſڳϸ·ˡ֣룬Ϻð
硣ЦŸк
࿪ĵӰ쵽ˡ
һߣһʸ㣺ôô͹ˣʲô̲ڹ㣿
㣺̲ûôıء
ȵӺĿɨϵ̲ƷһԵĸп˳˧ǲһĨ˧ġ
ⲻǿǸֱĿƽ͵Ĵ˧硣ٺЦյԺֱ㿪Цˣ㣬ҹɫؿˣʯλӽֵģѾаˡ
룺
ҲǸϢ򵥴ֱ־һ£΢΢鴤ͦȡĹ
ڰ֣ҵǾͦõģҹɫǰ˶ණڽаˣܸøɾˡô˵룬ϰ𣿡
죺ô죿
㣺ҹɫԱӦöյϢˣϰ˵ˣȺԱҪԸ⣬ʱϸڵġ
ô˵򵥿һ±ӦˡҲ׼ҷϵĹҪܼ͸㵱ͬҲ
޼ͷһĴָû㻹ţˣÿһݹҪҪģһݣȥ״̬ôá
ţ
ȴĵôҲǸ񣬲Ŵݹˣ˵ȥҪҪˡ
ĵ֮ʱ̲ſڵ͸һ޵һĻٶ֣гͳų˽ֵ˱̲裬ĿƳ۾ֱĸʱ룬Ȼ˦ǵ㲻ڵװسͷþò
㣺áþò
Ȼɿۣʼ뻳ɡ
Ϊʲôϰô 쿴Ƭ̼ܵȾܵĲ
ΪʲôȻ̲̲ܵ裬ܸк
žȻ˻
̲סѯ룬Ȼֻɫƿ۾Ȼӹ޵ݹĿձӣװ
ȥʱ䣬ǿƲסƲеܲˣ̲豭ʲô˵𣿡
ĵⲻǷϻ
ʵҲʰ
ҡͷûҾǾһʱ䲻ϰ˧ˡ
Ȼͷлл佱
Ȼһˣ˻Ƿڷȫְ̱һ ҵĲߣֳջ㲻
ֱ·̲ſڣѾԶˣһһŻԴһ̽һĴȣϷϰ壬ҸոȥɥƷתһȦŽգڲҶϰ˵СȶڣҾֻˡ˭֪Ȼˡ
뼸һµλɥƷĿˡ
˷ʣϰ㲻̲ǲеˣզǮأ

ǮҪ
ȻֵܼȥǷϰĶãȻȥ￴
ޱ飬ĲǺ롣
ĬĬһ룬ƽʱ䵭˭ǷǮƵĴ˴˿ﾹȻ͸¶˿˿ί͸ֻ͸ruaĹһ
֪ΪʲôеЦ
ƫͷס˴й¶Цݡ
˼룬ֻ
ûһԼֻһ£ͷ뷢΢ţȥǮ
ɲ֮ǰͻȻ뵽ԼյԭϲݵƯƿ
ʱᵽֱĿȫ׼ҵʱᵽԺӵ顣
Ǯ
ǵúúǮ
ȥ
˵Լķ̲豭һ̲꣬Կ˵ͷ߰ɣֻҪҪҲ
һǮ
ͷðð
ƶ̲ڵĿŷͿ뿪޳ıӰ۵Ц⻹δɢȥҡͷͬʱȻע⵽˫۾ԼߵЦһԼĸ㡣
ֻ㻺üżûͷϰǲǷ˵ʲô
ʱһ ֹϰ˵ҪϷϷһ䡪֪ϲʲô𣿡
㣺
룺
һ̾뿪ģʱﻹֹţܳܳƽ˧ڲˣ
Ȼݵûͷ룬ʣǽʱҿ𣿡
֣ң
ĬĬӷŵǰ˵
ûӦУô˺Ѿһ

벻Ҳ⣬߶߶ѽĳˡ
Сʱ󣬽˸˵ĸ뿪ǰ԰ҵ뷨߷ϰ壬ԺֱӲãʡǮʡ 
룺ˡ
ǹƤеΣֻҡҡͷ뿪
뿪֮ûþ͵磬ͣзһ㶼ǳԺзģϾʡǮȻз֮ǰȴѾ̲ꡣ
ҿӣԼ³ĵĺţ⡢«һݵװŹ
޼״һܳ 
ûֻǵݹȥݰ׷
붢ǰ緹Щ㶣̧㡪
Ӳģϴ˵ˣıȲĻóԡ
룺
ðɣ˵
˵֮ûþͷ˷[ү]ͬһˡ
˵ʵ䲻Ǻ
ǰĲˣٿӵݹˣգ۾Լ𣿡
һ٣Ų˸߲׼Էϡ
ͻȻעţͻȻʶʲô͵ؽһأԼҵģ
źջĿ⣺ˣ԰ɡ
룺
ţ˼
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60 
˵, ڽ֮ǰ޻ԷĻôԹ緹ĵλѾֱ
䷹÷ǳĵСЦ, ĵôѧ֮ʿ佱, ȻźһȥϴֵĻ߰ȰȰȣģҾ÷ϰȫԿ͹, 룬ס
һſֺϵĶ
ϰǮ, ˵ЩҪܶ, ɴ˿ɼɸɾȵġȵ˲Ҷˡ
, ζ벻Ⱳ˻ȳȵġ
ȷʵһ¾ֳˡ
޳ָס΢΢鶯۽ǣЩЦһٷͰˣ
һͲ˰ɡı飺ֻһٷԺÿһٷϷȥϰɥƷ˵ܸŻ, ıˡ
һԺܴϷء
ϵߴæҪ, һ쵽ˣһٻʦϿϴС, 챻Աա
Ȼ޵Ļźе, 벻ɾִӺ߳, Ŀע⵽ѾͺжķŽ˿ڴؿڳֻΪ͵ζ̲ǻɢ, ˿̵͸, ʱĹߴ, һǳǳĹΡ
վԭؿúüӣ߹ƵģʱǰҹĹȣһ񶼴ͻ޷赲Ѫ׺˿̵ȫ෴
Ŀ룬͵Цһ¡
ԼʶҲͦʱ䣬Ʋȫ˽⣬еġԣ˵ҪǶԷû˼ֱӰԼЬˡ
ϧ֪ϰҪʵԸŻõȴһʱ䡣
벻֪޵뷨ֻȡ˿ձӵ˱ˮݵ˷ǰײڶϣߴֻתƵϣĿ΢üĿ˳ֱһ·£ˮ
üϳƺе㲻̫ģҸͣȴ̲趼Һȡ
Լżί
ֵĶ΢΢һ٣ƤѾȹһˣٺ̲裬岻á
ʱش󼷹һЦϰ壬ɶģôܻء
޸˵꣬ͲֵֻԼϣԶˡ
һֻŵŵŵź뱳ֺһָͷĵ뻹˵ģƤҪ
û뵽Ľͣ࿴һۣ˲Ҳ̫ƽ϶Էȡˡˮһڡ׿ˮʲôζĪͳ˵
۵׸Цδ ȥԷ
͸ˣ
űȸղŻɲ̲軹ί
˫۾ܾԼһֻԴĦҮ
ĬĬͷֹ뷨ӵһߣʷӲ𣿡

ش֮Ѹ٣ֱ֮׳һʱԡ
뵽Էۺ֮ݣջûж˵ڽȥʱ˷̲תơ
һֱңǡ
˵ıӰ͸ֽתʧ˫ֳ°͸̨пһΪϰȵ°࣬ȥءϰ廹ǲа
ųԣ΢΢һ١Ĩõϴɾôؿϴ̨ǰżˮյָֻĻˮֱĨȥĻ֮ϣȻзһ䣺ԷȻȥ͡
˵ѯ룬ʵ֪ͨ
ͺ֪ܾһ
ЩεЦЦûظ
Ȼȵ°࣬ʰԼ»ϸɾ·ǰĵصȴɥƷꡣɥƷĴǰ뿪ϵ״̬Ա߲ҶϰŲ豭ྣվɥƷſţˣСӣĿʱ򣬽ϰչһ죬ڵ
볯ЦЦ̧ߣȴҶĿΪɻʣϰ廹չǰҿݣ궼ţٸ⡣
ҶϰŶֵߵߵģͲ֪˰ɡ
ѹ˵ϰ崺ȶȥˡ
𾪣ʲôϰڶˣǰҸҵֶֶŮ˵ҪǲɥƷͱռأɰˣ
룺
˵ķȷʵ[ү]һģһɴ˿ɼλҶ˲δҥĨڷ
Ҷϰ屻˵ĻЦΪɥƷڣΧھӽܶж಻ˬڵ٩䣬ɥƷϹŵһΣŴű״򿪣˻ĵ˴˳
Ҷϰʶ˳ȥ˿̵ģһ˫۾ٿȻ͵Բˡ
׳ɫ㣬Ĵ硣Ȼ޳ָʪģϻһǳɫΧȹ
˶ǵͷ쳣˳һֻ˳ëĴ󹷡
ֻϻĸϢ
Ҷϰ壺ʶˡ
Ҷˣֱ˹ˡ
Ļں棬ϲһһͨŵĹɨǰ꣬ûˮüøպãըС⣬Գˡ
С⣿
һ˲ã漴ѡĻӦǿǰӳȥĳһƯƿڼ￴ؼ¼Ƭ˳СⱻץˡƵжһμ¼ôдģȫС֮УδʶܱĿ˶
ȻͬǷС⡣
̧֪϶׼͡
ôһ˲䣬Լһº͵Ȫˮ֮Уůġ
µ¶ЦԷöˡ
ǰ߽ڣȫûע⵽һԲҶѾĿɿڴ
Ҷ˴ӣ㵣۾ûϹɣǷϰ壿
ҺĶôͻȻ֮ɹɴ󹷹
Цİɣ

߽ڣĿɥƷתȦխӵĵֻĿֽƷи˺ܾõûаסߵſڣϴˣʵǵɥƷԼ𣿡
ɡǵظĹġ
򵥽һµظĹ죬ΪǵҪ˼⣬ԷùӿۺƸһȺλ꣬ڵȴͶ̥ĹҲԵõһݹ
в𣿡Եøˡ
Сһ£ȻЩ鶼ǹӿڸ𣬵Ͼǵ̵ϰ壬Ȼʣö֮ʲôһ㡣
ʵͦõģƩ˵ΣƩסȵȡ
Ժлᣬȥظͷ
ʵȥһΣʱв̫áʵʵ˵ûǴĻʱۺ֮ǱС
־;ûƲƲ죬һмǷﶫôܺұȣظô꣬ûá
̲סЦЦ
Ȼ⻰źţȷʵҲû˵
ͷЦȷʵܶࡣ
ɱô˵Ҳֻ򵥵سһмһ˵һ䡮֪𡯡Ȼ˿ô룬ע⵽˵⻰ʱ򱡴ƺΪסǵɢЦ⡣۾΢䣬üۼ͸¶ȴȫ޷ء
ʵؿ佱
ʶһķͻȻо̫ڣ̶̼ڱӿЩŵתȥͷϽϴİײˡĴ˿̱򿪣зⴵڵĶ̷¶˷ŵ㳱Ķ䡣
һĻ۵Ц
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ϴྫ̰ģϴ֡
붸Ȼôһ仰ͻȻ֪˵ʲôͷԼ֣ʼԼ־ȻѾֵز
Ĭţ𣬽ӰҴҸ뿴ȥ֮һءߵˣʶغ͹ӿȻҲû뵽뿪һʱ䣬ԼϴѾ뵽ˡ
ֻٿضӣͬһ˼ܳ⸣µԵҲ̫ˣ治һȥŶӣ
̤һӻִк룬Ϻѽ
ЦţϺá
һЩŵĹӿܣλҲɥƷĵԱһֻظۺûôģйӿ
ӿҲǵһ˾غ棬һַ˵úúñֵĽŸСϽվֱ壬 Ϻãҽйӿļ񣡡
뿴ȥ͸¶˼⣬ӿһɫСֽ ֽдŽɫĸ֡
ôġϽ֡
վڹӿߵû뵽ӿôȥ¸ϴȡĺ˳ȥһҪҪģ£ֲʲôرıȥ¸߶һϴеģ
ӿʹͷ
ǡʱҲӳ˳˵ﻹһ̴ײˣɨӿˣûԵֺáü΢΢һڵСѣ°ɣøǿ
˶ô˵ˣҲûоܾӹСֽʱػϽһ䣺óԣǸ϶ܳķɫ
صȾҴߴţҲû˼ٳɡ
µĺʮ־£ּǮ򵽵Ʒ
ϸ룬ǳɫӣµĺǹһ飬רһġƯĺݵ󣬰ɫİ׳еԣԵøƯ
գ͵ҹɫŶӦýСաˡ
һ߽ɣҲ¶̾Ĳ˵λվһİ䡣뵽ϵƣֱݵͷǰȵġ
̧Ǳǹ˸ҹĻľƣʵʲôƣ
ǱĿһתָָǰǱ۵˸ŵЦ⣬Ɑǣ顣
üһʣϴεıûĻҼҲǲС
Կɼ̶ȡ
ȹƿʼɻ
ûߣĿڣɳԵģȻȴڵϡ½Ϊˮ۶ڶࡢӰӷңȺҲ׾ٸ֪Էߡ
ԴӸԺʲô޼ɵ˺ܶࡣ
װûֻĹڼʯҵһˣĿûĴڣ̱ǰкˡʯҵմų㣬ϵĽ˿߿۾Ϊ˼˹ĵӢվһ˵Ц괽ҲЦ⣬ĻڷУ˵ĳ΢΢۵ʢżֲˬ
ǲǳЦе̫ˡ
򴽣ߵ̨յһƣ̧ͼϰ壬զ
û˹Զľƣ
㣺
ֺ󣬸㻺壬Խļ򿴵վһ˵Цʯҵ롣ΪԹǰߵ⪣Բܲʶʯҵ롣ʶҲζ֪ʯҵϰ塣
Ŀһʯҵ֮԰ȫľ룬ִ˷͸Ųˬ񣬸һ顣
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˵ʯҵбһ޳Ӱ
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ۣ칷ſڴͷˮ۾
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۴̵ʳȫ׼׵ȻֻϽʣĳȥɽҰӳԡһǳʡǮ취
׼ŵʱ칷̵סĿȣصʹС
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۴ĵװһߴһ
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˪ǹ˼飬Ȼ֪һĵ飺
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칷̰һʳѪػϡ
۴￴ĿѣӴ͵ȥȻǺڰɫĳë˲ӿѪĵͺּصȴ˿ûа
ۼź˲ٿźҪ뿪˪һѽܹȥС׻أСƶȥ칷̵̶Լ˺ǰ
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󣬷ЦЦĻȣĿֱڵɤ͸żֳ⣺ʲôʱ򣬱ɽҲʼְˡôץֻèǮã 
ס˪ĺ˺顣
̤ü΢ɽۣ
ͻȻĳʯ͵ŤͷԼĺȻȫûס˪һһİʱʯеĲ˲ʵ˶塣
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ŷİڸԭȵߣվúʵèצצմȾĻҳѪ, ٺЦһ, 㱧
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ʲôǡɴ߾Ȼ⼸Щɻʶ˾䡣˵ע⣬ڹ۲һɡһӵĹȻǵظ巽֮һĽҲŤͷ
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޽һŤˤʺһrua칷̵˪ҲĬĬƲ
˼ͬһʱֱԼ뷨ǲ롣
ĬĬ˾䣺ɵӲŰ򡣡


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˪ȷʵ˺ܶҪļ䣬Ʃ磬ʯǺϵ˪Ľ齫ƭ˪ʱʵʯҹԷ˵ҪֱÿձѪȡӣܼ򵥣ֻҪӦ顣
ʲô飿Ȳؿѯʡ
˪ѵʺԼ׸һλ
һλ˭
ֹ֪صĺܺãֻĻӦǸͷ˪ңڸô꣬˾᲻ἵʡûһ˲ݻô
Էóƻġ
ÿһ仰˪͸֮ìܡ
ʵС˪Ըµĸ飬ϵĵλеѡ˪ԸɵԼǸ¡
˵ٶ࣬˪̬ȡ
һԣ⣬ȡѪ
ȻһֱǾܾ̬ȣӦöԼš
ԷᶨΪ˪һᱳѸ£һһ꣬ʱ䡣
ڸܵĿܣʶЩƻвͨѡ
νķֻǷѱ䡣
ȡҵѪⲢֻΪӦûá ˪
봹ţβŵ˿ڡ
Զ׼Ϊռڸ²
Ĳˡ
Ϊڶ¡ԣû´ĻҲ۴Ϊڶԡ
ʶ۴ʱΪԷ̵̲ϲеȡʱδ뵽ͬĿ۴ϡ
¡ɽԵ߶ˣʣº١ͦ˼
޺ͽһۣǰ߻ãΪѾĲ²⣬Դ˿̻侲ߺͫ͵ؽȻ𾪵ı֡
һ૵ʧ˲𣿡
˪۴񶼰ػصǵߡ
ʧܡ뷴 ֻѡʧˣǵļƻִСǶԣ˪۴ӦǸºͰߵѡ񣬵϶Ҳеڶѡġ
Ļո£޵˼ת漴Ժл˸
קĸ첲ʣߵĵڶѡ񣬻ǹ𣿡
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62 
ⲢĲ²⡣
, ˿Ժ˪ᲢۣȺҲǹµ˪˵
˵µ, ˵ıࡣ
ûٶൢ, ޱȥҹһˣ, һѶʯ
컹Ǳɽ۵ʯմһظλ궼Ȳϣֻſڵ, ֻſķȴǳ˳, ¶Ц
ϲ
˵巽дûϲ̫쵼߲ͬ˽ġλڵظλ, ҲֻɷͻȻ֣֮˺˱Уԭȱʱ͵ƽ⣬ظĸֶ˷츲صı仯
⼸ʯҪжж
ԭΪͶܻصԭȵӣȴڴδǰ, ˷С֪Լ³, ʯںͬʱȻˣɺ۾ֱŷ, ɳƵ΢, ȴҲڼžĻ÷
ⲻ̫, 㵱ôΪۺ֮ͻͬķʽȡ㡣, ΪŶ೤ʱ䣿
⻰ӦҲû, ֻɢɢƤ , һȡҵǰɱңô˭õ㣿ϯҵǡ
ϳβЦЦлĳһУ
ʯĿĳڴ˿ͻȻʧһʱԣƺȫû뵽ΪʲôĿлð֡
ǻ⣬ʱӸµƼѹ˴ǰϣڱϣǿûϷˡΪǰʱȥڤɽôôɵأ
ƮƮżζЦÿϧøϵһһˡ

̧Ųʯֱϣżһʯҵļб쳹
ʵǹһЩƤ񣬿һģֻǰüۼɢδɢƹδ·ǲҽк޲
ʺ÷˲ǡ
˪Ҳһ˼ģĿһ롣ĺǣ˿ȥ졣Ȼ˪͵͵۲ʱȴָ׽һƬռΧա
ͺ񡭡ȫ˷Ϊ
ʯеٲңҲ
˪ĬĬƿߣĻš
Ĭϣôͨѡ
͹ʯģҲûʲôȤŤͷԽǽͽˡ
۲ʯ΢΢һ顣

صɥƷ꣬ڿؼͷͬʱ߽۾һԱƵѸٽеˮʳȫ˳á
һסصĺ죬һ
ȻʲôҲû˵˼Ҳ൱ԡ硣
ͷ³ĲҶϰ״һڲˮҶ»رӣЦеسع֣СȰһȺȲ죿
أΪҿİԡ
ɥƷζյĴţһƮĵҶ㣬˶һ
ڣؽƻƤгɿŵǰϿԡӦ˵ĿĽ˵ظλۡ
ελ۷ֱǱɽʯڣɽϯҵֹɽ˼޸ɽ˳ۺɽ¡
ʯѾˣôɫ
ڍڣɽϯҵʯϵҲһ·ӵˡ˵ţ΢΢һУĬ˼ŵڣʵһֱи²⣬ҾÍڣɽĵڶι֣ϯҵ
ҧƻһ٣͸¶˼ã
ƻ£ʣΪʲô뷨
⵱ȻĲ²⣬²ڵʵǺµţƤţƤдڣɽڶι۽ڵһμʶԺ󣬱㿪ѯй֣ܵƽ
ԭֻΪ˽֣ܣȴ֣ܵΪ죬һ룬ⲻϯҵķ
˵֣ܺŮɫϯҵҲһڣɽŮʤ
˵֣и񱣬ϵŮмǺšӿڻ㱨ϯҵʱҲ²۹ϯҵǶĵϰߣ˵ǍڣɽŮ϶һϯ֣Ϊϯҵ
ĵطԶֹЩԷŸô롣
ջ˼۾һ
ָ֮΢صţƤȻ֮СݹȥӭɻĿ⣬̹Ȼǰҵıӡ
ȻӷĿ֣סţƤָ΢΢սϲɫʵë
ʱǧ꣬йֳһж⣬ζûгһڷ￴һҳҳţƤڿڶ޸ɽɢԴ˽νʵԨѷ죬ٻءʱһ
ôкĲӣ
û롣
ʵ뿪ѯظʱ˾
ţƤݸ룬ζľΡ
򵥵ؽԼ뺫ʶĹ̽һ顣
ϸϯҵ֣֮ܵʹ񣬿ϧ֣ɵʱѾԨѷ죬Դ²е棬֣ܵôģôϯҵġ
ڶʱڽţƤĽµݵ˷Уº֣ͣαϯҵģҲ֣ܵôģҵǿԻش㡣
һ٣
ɱġ

ڷȾЩ𾪵Ŀע£뻺ڣǧǰ·˼ʱжרƯŮ֣ץǶԷŸңֻ¡
Ϊڣɽ֣ܺŮɫڣɽΧڵŮǶĿϡ
Ϊ֮ԱǣתͷǶȥһ˵ظʱظ˻ǱСҲǸʲôöڵ֪龭ԺΪ֣顣
ȻֻǻͷעӱУɤº͵˵һ䣺ۺ֮λˣֱ˵
ʱеıҪѿжѿ
Ȼҧ֣ܵĴ
֣󣬷λ
Ҳʹ뿪
ʱȫȷ֣ɢôͬԣأ
̾ͷԼϢĴһֻҪٵȵȣ͸óױ¶ˡ
Ĭãʾλ۵Ļ⡣
ۺɽ۹ڷλʱ˺һֱۣԴ֮һ㣬šʣλҲͬǴŲŲҲΪʲô巽۶Էûʲôɫ
ȭͷ㹻ӲӲЩ۶˽ѵ
ڷмܹԲĶһ˾Ļ档
գ۾Ȼܲʱˣ˵ʵڵģͦǸʱڵķ
Щóֵ뷨ѹĵףͷûٶ˵ʲôеţƤؿ˿ڣӦǵһθ֪ţƤĴڰɡ
΢ɫָ¾ɵʷԡգۼ䣬ţƤӰʧ֣Ȼ̽
˿ñҲԶ˶ı仯һ̧ͷǼ⼸϶Է
᲻Ȼعֽ̧ƿȻָԷУüǵЦȥе㲻⣺ǵһΣûʲô
ȻʶΪʲôܳϸҲס
շ˵ţƤǧꡣǧʱڣţƤǲڽﱻκܣ˷ӵԿ׵ˣִڣԿ׵ݸԼ
͸ס
Ҳڽġ
۾˺ܾãЭεЦʣҪʲô
Ҫʲô㶼Ӧ𣿡
˵⻰ʱֱ׵Ҫ뿴˶̲סɪָ⣬ȫܹµҪʲôһ̽Ը⡣
ͷ
˵Ĵǻ˻ȡ

ˮϺõĲҶҲݵûζ°ɥƷĴŷҶϰдˣֻʣһ¡
һת֮䣬ɿ˳ɥƷ
ǸʮĿˣڵſתת漴ָŰҪơص۾ٿصɴĵⲻǴϴ巴ӦٶȱӻҪذȳ嵽ſڣһӿס˴š
ǿ˲ԣЦˣС氡ãС
أ
ܲܲɣ
תת飬æϣ
ȻװģسɥƷںҪʲôı㻹㣬ȥѡ
֮ÿ˵ĶĤ𶯡㶵գۣ̲ס˵˾䣺СȣҶͦʹģ㲻ô
ĵ⺰Ŀֲǳȥġ
ϴڵɵеûģרŷŴѵġ
ֹţһ̤ʱרϸɨȦڣ漴㷢ֲֻʣһ̳ʣµˮԱߵȴ֪١
ŷĵؽ˴ڡ
ͬʱ¥תǿڡ
ɥƷڵĹ߲ãսǿڸǸŨصӰӰ֮Уˡ
ĺڹսǾͷĴϣ屻ȣǰ˸ߴ޳Ӱȫ֡΢ָѹ괽ϣӹβ۵׵ӿ˾ˡ
ɤʣһ𣿡
ԭΪҪĽѵݣȻԷȴϵĽ֮ⷽأҧĴǡֹǴ֮ĴȮѹĺᣬϸϸĥÿһεǶǱĴϢ
ͨ졣
ɤƣҲѶá
򴽣ղҲ˲ֹһ¡
ЦҧĶͳ׶ˣؼӦҲ˰ɡ

׻ûиؼңΪӵһ绰Ҵææ뿪ˡ
һ˴ɥƷصⷿѵȺڼڼԺȲȰĸֶСȻ˵˴죬ŷģȫûĻȥ
ҡ
񣺡촽Ϊʲôô죿
۾˿ôﻹС㣬Ҳᱻҧ𣿡
ÿһοڣĶٺһ㡣
룬ȷᱻҧԱҧ
ɫؽչƿڣӱȽ϶
˿̵״̬ʵڲʺϺ˵ʲôԽҴţȻ뵽ǾؼҡĿ˼תȦȻϲһס𣿡
һʱûӦ
룺ҸҸ׼ôԺһסˡ
񣺡
ԭش˼֮ڷӦ͵صԲ۾һ±ɵǰͺʲô˼ǲ˱ĹҪҸϳȥǽֻҾ֪ۺ֮λõʲôö
Ъ˹ʮּ
찲һȴԷǸСҪ󲻸50ƽУһҪ˳һҸ𣿡
룺
ٶȿٿ㡣
صùţĹ⡣
ڴϣԺǲԾػʱɥƷڷһУֻĻ׼ӣϵĺۼ쳣ۣ˱ĺᣬֽͦıŴĵط֮
ᵽʲôζ
ԺĳѾĻ¶ǣʣǲ˵㣿
ûзϡ
˵ƵЦ˲У඼
뽫ֻӵϣĿ컨塣
һ㶼ûԼڷϲݡ
ʶ[ү]ͷͬһʱ÷ĵ׵Щ𣬺ƫȫ
һ룬ʵǷеƫ
Ҳڲ֪УܴķΧһһ
ԣǱȻġ
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63 
ת۵˰
һĵԢ, õڿƮƮȥڳЦӯӯƮȥʲô, 㡣
Ƴһ, üĲҵǮ
Ȼֱͦ׳ܿͲˣҽ绹оһ, ҾԺ󵱸ԼǮ
ĵͦõġ
ƿ˵ݹֻԼ, Ҫš
һ㶣㲻Է
˵, 첻Զʶôãֵú༸ûвһͣ׬Ǯ, 󲿷ʱĳж·ﹲС¿룬֪ʵݣҲΪǸͨˡ
Ǻպս١
ϰЬƳվ޳ָֻĻ֡գ۾ȥǶԣ˷
񣺡
С
Ĺ˲Ŷ
ۺ֮Ȼ¶û¶, ˵ȥֱЦǶĴ
Ȼȵżϵһ˲, Դ¼ŷ죬ʣó𣿡
˼һ, ʵӦñϲԵɹóʮ
񣺡
, Ҳš
ҲǷ, еزŲӴӽֱ·˵Ҳɣ·һҲʱ, ͻȻ˲ŤͷҲ࿴ȥ, ֻδļӷ븱Цеظһ͸һ, ²ӵķһת߽˻ꡣ
Եúܿģþò˰ԹҪһһ٣
ͷһԷǸˣϼ۾ɫƫףȥʮ˹ġ˷ܣλҺѣһҽԺҽ
ҽ˷۾۵׺ЦŴ
ԼµνĴЬսš۽ǲԾسһ£Ҳҽº͵ͷ
漴˵ԼҪȥѼҳԷĴ㡣
ԵЩźȻȷʵԷҹɫľٱ绰껹ûô
ⲢĳԱЩüãҹɫڲ龭Ⲣֻ֪ΪɫԺ󣬾Ŀ˳˺ܶʧԱоͰλѵֶӡ
Сֻżڵ㻨ǮȺĴүǶιҩŪ
ʬڵңҰǵʳ
ʵлˣʱȥ˸ʡаæץһֱŻһһͱˡ
źָϽԼʱ䣺Ը
ûʲôҪܲס븱ʵ飬ͬˡ֮󣬷ŲӰ䣬ʧǰȵֳ°ͣЦǰǶ˵ʲôЬս񣬾ƿս񣬽ˡ
ǼºŶ̲סЦô˧ɡ
ȵͷ˾䣺ͨˣ
⣺԰
ͦرġҽ˸ۡ

Ϊ³ȻûвУʰɥƷ꣬[ͣӪҵ]Сӣ˫ֲ嶵ȥظҹӿˡ
һ̤ɥƷ꣬㲻ܿƵػ𱻷ڴϵĻ档ָⲻԾشºλãŽ룬һ۱㿴ϰŵľ²̡
õúܾˡ
Ƕ뻹Ƿ
룬֮ӦǷһ㡣
걻ľϣǰ˾ӸµظҧסĴԼͷĵƹڻΣƵĹƺһΣֱӰڵߣȫҰ
ڷϵֱ۽ֻڲ֮䣬׾ٵؽڲ֮ϡ
Сʱǰ뻹ŲʳСʱʳʳ˷
ǲǹģϢ뽫°ʹ˵ļϣɤʡ
⻰˼ĺ̲סЦЦȥҧĶͳ˵ûŲţֻԷŷ֣̲ˡ
겱ϵļ˱һĺۼ»صı֮ϣеģ£һ

Ϊ
뱻˺ܾãʶʱ򣬷ںһҹŵĻ㴵ȡԭȵıζۣڵ۾Ǳˮϴһ㣬ȾŵĳʪУβ죬Ķ
׷ӡ
ͻȻãؿȥ
ʣȥ𣿡
ʮӺ
뱻ҹ紵ЩվټıǰĬãƫͷڸղţǽǮµֳɱסҲ⣬Ϊʲôױ
㲻ҸؼҵĻһؼҲС
ԭ׼ԼСˣ־ʮƽķӶеò֡ôͬǷ࣬˼Ҿ𼸰ƽĴ
Ҳա
ȥһȦڲʩ൱ƣʲôУҿòμӽĿõȫ׵
ԴеźֳܿڸܱĹС
ϲ𣿡
룺Ӧû˻᲻ϲ
⻰˼ϲˡ
˵ͷ½밴ҵϡ΢Ű͸¶ȴȵĺּµĲԼ屻ֳ룬һڱȪһڻɽ
ʵǣϲ𣿡ָĶԭȵ⣬ϲϲң
ڽձõһĻش𣬷ס֣ȵסȣȫŰϣһֲشϲͲֵɡоúЦѣòһ롣
ʵҲȷˡ
ֻ⧲дָδüսǰ޳ָѾĴϡ
Ư̲סЦһϲԶԶϲⶰӡ
Էӵǳϲȸֵһᡣ
ָ˲ͷ˺󾱻δɢĳ죬ϷĴʵؼҵġ

ӱ뿪ѾҹͻС
ʱɳϣѵûпѪӾ磬Ǵһֱ
ڿʲô߹ʵ
Լֻ̧𣬻кģҲ޷ʲô˵ʵһҹ̽ĳլ
񣺡ҲС
˲ȻΪԭ򣿡
˵Сöȥҹ̽լЧ˵áֻǰԼݣǸֵ˼⡣뵽ˣĶļ򣬷ĵعͣҿ㡣
۾һ˲ɴֻۿɼؼƮǰסǰҵĽŲ˷ܵʣľҿ𣿡
뵹Ҳǻ뷨ȷʵûʲô⣬ǵͷ
ٺЦһػصɳϣоҹ̽լֱ״üЦŻ˷䡣
ֱڡ
ʮ߰˵˴һڣĸ˸߸̧һ˳ڵ·Ҳ·£ĵƹ٣ԭֱڿ÷˵㡣
λҹˣҵǺֱƽ̨ڵİ֮һ
ҵƽʱԸլ̽նһֱʮѸӿֱ䡣
ҵԼھͷǰӪһֲּķΧǸ˸򵥵ĽܣǣĵطǸƺױϵûҲҪҸǼ򵥽
ƺױϵͷڽһʱڣÿ¶ϵɱȴһλϵɱǱ⣬ĺר͵ܵϵ
һֱд˵ⶰųԡ
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ֱҳҲһ˲ʧڡ
ͻȻһĻ˹ڸĿ־壬־ͬʱĻжҵĵǡ
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ԼŵĻϵĸ⣬̲סͷǶںڰеı紵ҲԾط
βһûʲô£ˤеۣ̫ҽȥˡҪɡ
ǰŻڵǵĹǶȻ˵ģʼȵʣмҵٽȥһ˾ͼֵǧ
ⵯĻѾ׼뿪ҵһ룺ģҽȥһˢ
[ˢֱ]
ҵ۾һֻȥһҲɣ
õȷеĻشԺһ͵ذ³լڶȥܵٶȿ죬һլתһȦѸٰܳƳĻȫƵۣ
ĿӰˣ
ͬʱĻϳ˼Ч
ҵ˿̵໹ţҪĽŸУҸղŽȥˣˣûôֲˡ
˵ûã;ֻķǽ뿪˱Ȼ͹˵ټ
Ȼ
રֻҵȴδ뿪ǳϵŤͷֹ߽ıڣ˵բ˵ƣϾɳϵˣԹƵ˵һ䣺ղһƵҲ̫ˡ
ƳһۣôЧ
ҵƲ죬ȴδ˵ʲô
ǺϵװЩνլ̽գںϷӪжģƭڡҵҲûɹ˵ںֱƽ̨а˿ְ취
ô࣬ΨλϷ档
ЧҲõġ
ͷ˿Լⳡֱи߶棬ҵ뿪ˡȵΧһ»عž˵ϻɢɫ֮Ȼ˶ģɺڸܵ־֮ʱŷǿҵ˷ܺϲɫ
ܵٻĶ֮һͬѡռķܼ򵥣Ǻ
ʵЧѡ
ʮ˵ľ֮ﵽһڳӯĸоͺԭձĿڴ˲װˮ
ĺ䷢͵͵̾׼뿪
ҲǴʱ
ĬĿ֮Ⱦ˿˿ΣյϢĵĹͬèëը˲侯ضĳһĵ桪ƺкͬʵĳл̿һһӹ
ûһʱ䣬һӰǰ
ͫ׽ʶһ
Ӱȴ˱Цݡ
ʮӺ
ϯҵŤŲشⶰլ߳
Ѿ˺鲢ɵĵʮֻˡܸоһһεɣϵĹڱøŨʵҲڱøǿλ˵ɢȥռĶаֻɶȻӵɽ
ԭǲôżġ
ȴȺռĶɱǸٱɣʲôˡ
鷢̫ı仯
ƩʯǷﶫȻ۴ﶼûдС
λȲˡ
ѡ֡
ϯҵƽķЦŵ

Ӻڰ۾
п˯⣬üӹ졣
ո˸Ρ
ӵ񣬹еζΪ롣ڤɽ˹ȶ˯ʱ롣ʱվԶλãü۵
˵˾䣺ôǻү
м䶼ǻɺͲ졣
ϣε룬ȴ֮ǰȫȻͬ
еʵеҲЩһ˳飬ֻǵӵʱָĵкݺݲĿڣࡣ
꽫ǿУߵЦݿȥ죬ȴĳء

Ǽ˹ĪΡ
Ȼܾ֮ò̫þ֪Σ֪Ǽٵģȴֹһֱӣ÷еЩ⡣
üӴԭس˼󣬹ϴ·
˯ֻ𶯵ʾֻǷϢ˵ģҸؼһ
ãգ۾Ȼû뵽賿ʱλͻȻյϢ
һݡ
˼룬ظ
ʣʲôˣ
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뿪ڣԹԵֻҵġ
һʱ֮ЩֲΪζԣһռˡ
ģ㵱ʱıҼǵú
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ôֱ׳Ȼק˵Ҫͬġ
ۿԽԽڰ಻סؿ˿ڣجˣ
һ仰ǲȵСèβ, ٿŤͷһ˫۾, ֮ϵͱ˱˻ɵίģ㲻ң
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Լֻ̽Ե˷һǷجˣ˿̼ģ, ΪԼʲôɥĲ񡢴治顣
мεطѧŷղŵģ˵󣬶΢ָȥʱ¶ȵĽ֯ԡ̧ͷˣ˯ɡ
ܸоԼݡ
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ͷ
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طʲôû˵Թ˱˴Ҳ࿿˿˰λã˼ԡҲˡ
ȻʵǣڷСɳϣ޺˯ˣһ

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ʶʱ̣͸˵׹⡣
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˸ôԷĳˣȻȴֻЦЦ൱ºͣ׷ˡ
ϰһĴȣ治һҪҰҸǰ
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ŲĿڵλã̲ס͵Цһ£ͬʱֲпҪ֮ǰŷƢ̫õıϸ̸ȻҲճ˹һġ

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ڣ𽥻֫ٺͷڼѹƽ
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˵Ǵδǰ¶İɫ˫۾ڣÿһ鶼ȾѪ
֪ϯҵ˵ʲôüβй¶ԽԽĶӸǰ¿ƵģȫбŰ
ĹޱŨкȻϯҵȥ
ϯҵûüȥͷصʢ״ͱͻȻֵĹһ£һߡ
ջҪȥ˵뷨¿˫Ⱥۡ
ϵĹѾŨԾΧĳ̶ȣֻһգ۵ʱ䣬˵ӰԭʧȻϯҵǰϯҵ˲٣ʱ־Ӹµǿѹϯҵһоڷһ̴Ŀ־壬һ㷴Ӧ뿪ָ΢䣬ͬĴʶ
̧ӵķȻƺһ͹𣬴ǻʳһɺѪ
ܸоԼڲӲϣѪܸϡ
Ժвͣ֯ʱĳ뱻ʱ΢΢üģڷĵ׻𡪡
ֻ
ªӡ
һжϯҵɵġ
ð
롣

Ȼκз·бѪǣǹĶʸڲ԰׵ļŤϸ塣
һ̣ѪҺӿԼĺ٣ע⵽ǰĻģ
еĶӰԽֱֱ˱룬˺룬ҧֱۣһһĿʳıӾ𽥱ôͣ۾񣬰ҲԽԽ
ôǰʳ
ӿֳѪڵϣļָץŵ棬ʹ˻˺Ѿȫɥʧǣʹ֮нָؿڣΪҵʹڻһѡ
ת֮䡣
һٴγϯҵȥйϯҵȴʱ͵˺顣
˺顣
мѿĽصۺ⣬ޱؽǲڽ£۾ֱϯҵٴγ˹ȥ
ϯҵЦҲûжܣаɫֱֱ׼˷ķ
֪ġ
ŰɱƿصķУֻΪ̧šĲӡ
ٶȸ죬գۼ˾룬ۼеŷؿλô̽ȥʱһֻİȴƯֺȻһָͻأסУսȻͬڵصı׶˲ķѡ
ͬʱֻ̧ɲǼľ޴ǽֱƷ˺޷ϯҵϯҵһҪڰտΣȴ־֫ޱȳأһĪѹѹĺ࣬޷Կصسۺɽȥֱƽ˰ɽͷ
˼˺һŻһѪ
У봹һְֻŷĺ׽ѹԼٵĺһֻȻ䣬İƬƮɢ
ĮؿԶϯҵ˳һλһô
*


66 
ͬѩԭ, ѩ˺ѡ
ǰһ뻹ڸпԼ̳ʮ֮߰ϯҵ˿ȴΪһͷǣͫʱѪ˳۽ǵλ˵ǲ˲١
ԭùĹӰǸġڷͬŭһ, Īĸо, һͷֻּ̧׾ڶʱ, ԥָסĲӡ
ķѲͬĺһ, һڵϡ˼δȫɢ, Ӱһ˲ʧ̶˷ߡ
ͬʱΧĶǰλ, ɫ
˼վһʳѪôҲɾĹƱ°Ūװʵǿǿ֧ţȻĶȻ˴Ƭʹ˻ƺ˲žۺëȻϢ
һСƺġ
˼˵Ŀ⾪ɲ, غ͹ӿҲࡣ
ԭע⵽ĲԾ, Ȼ֪ԭ򣬵еĲ;ԽԽʢʶ, չǰģǡ侲ġƢٲ, ҲԶ֪ѡһ, ڶģԣÿһϢ˵ŷ
ʶ̧, ȴֱӿס , ӿʱȥ, ϴ㵱ϯҵ˺˵ġ
ذסǸŨ
ŷ뵶ԽԽо඼ҪֹͣˡΪѪŽʱͻأشҰΧ֮С˵УϯҵƷСһʱͻȻһѪ
һڵĶҲࡣ
֪ʶʲôͬѪĹӿһۣ̲ס롪
ô޲𹥻أ
ӿҪҪǰԱǿ˿̴Ѿڵءһһקأָѵ˻ۺڸǿؽ֮ʵĿޱ˳ǻ屻ѹһʹҲͬһʱʧ
غһƨڵϣڴһ˫۾ȴŲԶķ¸úԶƾŶԽܿƯúܵ±ı顣
ʲô
ӿһۣҪ֪ͺˡ
ڵԣĳƺǼ¡

봹ĽǶܿ󾱸ɫ磬һܣ⹴ĵԽ˱ƷֶΡɽٶﶼ֮ĵڴʱֻԼͽųѡ
ɽͷ㣬ЩݡµĹɲ˼֪ͱޱǿ
˼ɽЦʣôСط
ɽЩɻ󣺡𣿡
úܺʡ
Ȼϯҵһ޷Ŵÿһĵ׵ĶǶԲ̧־ܰ쵽飬ûô
¶ԴͶˣҲûİ취ȥԴԷ
Ϊ˾ԸŴĿ¡
˾񣬶η
ԵҪģάƽ⣬顣
еķȥά顣
С̣ÿ˵壬ֻΪõһõĽȾѪֻΪƽϢսҡ
ڣΪڶɽȴΥɽԸ
ḧŷĺ󾱣ȴȻ˽ϯҵϡϯҵȻͻȻסŭѡΪԼͿΪΪڷٿʱҲôģֱֻͻȻֵץסıС
ϯҵûпԷͱƷˡ
ȳһѪֱµѪӵ һλһôڶϣĪϤСϯҵ̫ʱ˿̣ӶԼ̳ɽȴ׶ٱƷıС
ôô
ҧ⣬ŨѪζǻϯҵվԭظĿѪҧгݣ
Ũ׵ٴͬˮζʣȻȴڴʱϡ
껳УǶϵĵڻָЩǣͫϸǵǲѪԼˣ𽥵ӳ١ƺһظ֪Ŀڴʹ޳ָק½ǣ֣
롣
ڡǰȫͬ¶ȣָᴥѪܵ˺ۡ
ԱֺݣԼָݣѪ䵽ɾǳɫʪյӡļڳóֻ޷Ϣż˫۾ʱע⵽ͫ
ͷۡƵڶϣֱ̧ס֫
һ룬Ҹࡣ
Ҫˡ
ػشԣҲԼģжġ⽫ȫĲĥϸļȴʼû̧ͷ
Ȼƣ΢ָ̫Ѩλá
ڴ֮ǰļӣĶǹƳ汩ҪƤ˶ʱĻ¡ȻڣȴһһذţôƯָеĳªӡסˡ
ҪˮĴͷΧУһ϶еƲסԼһ뵽ôªң뵽㱻ϯҵҾͺ
ʱ顣
뾲Թһαһ᣺ûϵϯҵܿͻΪ˰ҹڡ
ϯҵʱôһ
۾עӰԵݵˣ˵ЦеŨٴһйղԶϯҵδע⵽ڼʱɢʣ£಻֮ңͰ֯Żζͬǧ𼴽ͬһĿʱĿȴת˹
ô룬ϯҵȻһ˫ۡ
һ˫ʢĮ⣬ԼϤ۾
ԺеļͻȻʼصÍڣɽ۱һֻ׾Ϻʱ̡ʱǧʱ⣬ǵõʱ׹ѵĴʹУվԭأֻϵֲȱůϼָ֣޳ݣɴϺʱԵøǿ
ʱҲһִ㵡ŵʹսԼײϣӶԷͫҵԼĵӰԷŻֵ̿˫ۣΪ޷سͣǺ죬Ǳһɥ֮Ȯ

Ȳɥ֮Ȯ
ϡ
ǧѹ˫۾ָоȴ쳣Ϥ
ϯҵԾغһָûɵָؽڶڷס
ڿǰ˵ĳࡣ
Խǧʱ䶼δıһ
ڡ١
ۺ֮еĿ׽ӵһߵս١
ʱ˿̣ϯҵһ䡰һλһôʲô˼
пʼģҪӴܡȻڲ֮ͣʱȴ뵽ѾõɽѾǰǸԱ̧־ˣбҪô
ο
ϯҵƲ⻮ԶĶǡ
˸䣬İȻŶǶȥѸڶмɢ
˲۾ŲԶ뻤ڻķ˼ֱڴ˿ʹȻǳɭЦݣӰһ̱ܵ˷ǰ˻ţ겻سŰе˹
غ͹ӿǴ˷˻͵ͺԤвԣǰһ̽˴˿̻ҵĳ
ǡٵĴϢһɲͣ󻹸ŴҴææ˪ͽʲô
عӿشǰһĻС
۳ɵǧӿţ˻ųżȶĿȥΪ۽˫ɺ졢ĿģŨĹ롣
غ͹ӿ˵ͫ׻͵ذȳ˳ȥȻһٶȱǸһ˵ĺ󾱽ק˽ǰ
ʲôϴǡ
㵣˭õϴ󡣡
ʲô
޴һûڵױע⵽ǳǰͷĹ±ڽ£һ룬ڰɢ
ۺɽۣڵظҲһ֮֮ϣôƮƮûˡ
ͻȻ͡
Զͬе˼ͳ˳ƿţȫܲ£¹¾ǰ˻˻ùΧͷһԴ˵ɢԶַʱһְֻĺ󾱣ͷüȴżֲ๣˻͸úúϢ
ɨԶ̽ͷ̽Եޣڣˡ
Ǻȴ״޵ĶСӻ죬޷ӦʱѾܵǰȻߴ˼ŷŴֻһ⡣
һյ
˼ʬ屻ӵһߡ
ޣ
˵صʲôõķġ
һק·֣봹볡ȫͬеסȻʼͣʲôʱһġ
˼ţüʣͲҸ𣿡
뿴βſڣڵӲ̫ÿ
ͷ˿ԼؿڵĿ
Ӻ󣬷΢΢۵Ķͷ˪ǰ
ͬʱȻײѾյǰĶһײǴ׵Щ޾İΪɢȥÿһֻʱʶһ²ס˶Ĳӣһ
š˼е֮ͬ䡣
ûӣɢ˴Ƭ
ĺѹĺƣͻȻչɢֻ½ɪɪĹӰ
Ƥû̧һ£ֻȻɫѾɷ׵ϯҵ
ϯҵѾˡ
˭ܸղŷһʵ
Ҷ񣬿ΪʲôĲ֮
㡭
ϯҵͷɬǾȲӲˣֻһһԼ
Ӹµؿڵԭȵı䣬޼ɵĳ껺𴽽ǣַҲ񣿡
ϯҵ죬־ȫˮ֮˱ĸоҡѾˣ
𣿡ʣδе̫ˡ
ƨ
䱻֮ΪսȴҲֻɱ޴͸¶ս˸ΣȴԶͺսܴǧҳķλԼ
ڵϯҵһǿֺ
Ҳ䣿
һᡣ봽΢ˡ
ϯҵһ㶡
ȴûȥעı뷨ֻǵڣһ

ϯҵӦ

ϯҵӰͻȻʧŵظ֮񱼶ȥ
̧֣ļսٵꪻ֣ĺɫɢ͸ݳָһգ̶ǰ˳ȥ
ۡ
ꪴٴλޣÿյĿȴ𽥹ճΡ
屻̴صڶߣʶصͷȥֻؿڳѪܵĴ󶴣౻ϡá
ͣȴʱ˫ۻͷȥվԭصꡣ
빴˹۵ȴֻг㿴Ƿʲô

ۺС
ءӿ͵ǰһĻ
ʱ˿̣ǵԺлصһ仰ԭ˿ɵǧ
һ̨ϾɵĻһյؽԴתڽƵķ˫ۣûпѵˬӢˡصģƺкܶ໰˵һʱ˵ʲôֻһ䣺ϴǹװ𣿡
ò״۾ʶ⻰ͻȻԼӻ˵س顣ޱؿأʣ˻ҷˣǰ¶װ
أ
Ȼźе
ǡ
ίɼܵӺɣʮӶûŹϯҵ΢ǿһ㣬ӡ
֮Ǽ仳ǼֻսС
Ҳչϯҵǻ˵֮ǰĲ²ǶԵİɣǸȺɱյߣܹȡɽǰɣǡ˵㣬ûôɵӹȥһѳꪣͰͱ˸Դϯҵһ㷴ûУ𣡡
ʲôģƳһۣ˪𣿡
˪ջ֣ϸƷȫȷϷ˵ĶƷԲȷ˷Ѿתعͷ޵ͷ
ܣи˲ҪôϯҵҪô룡
˪Ķ䱻죬̧俴꣬۵׻Ц⣬ٴˡ
ߴӷתƣ˪ƺĳƺֻʵô
˪ûʲô⣬ͺˡ
ϲɫȴüһɷˣⲻҶ˶۷
̸ĵķ̧ץסָһ˫޼ɵض١Щ𽥱
ϯҵʱһ侪١
˪ʱ˵ͷ㣬˪ױߡ
иղ˪ĳƺ
һڸ߷ʵݡ
ԵʼͱΪսĵλ١
ڡ٣ڳҧ֣ͳ
ͷסԼĳָһֻֻ͹ָؽڣȻ˺ۡ
̧ۣע˫ۣ¶ЦҸϲ롣
˶ĳƺ
֡
*


67 
ʮ֮Ľ
صָŹӿĴ, ӿָŽֱָۣصγһջ
˭, ˭оۡ
˵ı鿴ȥ·һģ̳һ, Բ۾Ĳš
٣
Ǹ
ҾӦˡ
ӿͷҵĶȷʵ̫ʹ
üѲҵĶҲˣ
ǰ˵, һʱԡ
Ȼ׶ԱҲ𾪵ԶԣźüﶼӰ
ܲһװɣ
ʲô飿ԼĽõ׼ȷĴ, ȴδ뵽Ťͷʱ޵Ҫˡ
ٸвˬ, ֣ס޵ĲӽԼǰ𽥺, ûΪʲôһ㶼ȣΪʲôһ㶼Ķ䣿
ûؽԴһͣקԼ뽭ֱ˸۵ΪҺ֪ˡ
֪ɶ
֪ս١һϽͷΪλˮɣ, ˭ôǿ
١
һʱ䲻֪þ֪ܻǸ̾˵ûë
Ŀ˳޵ڲԶ, ƺǷ˵ʲôüۼ仺͸¶Щ, ̶ָ̧޳һ˺ɫĶ̷, еˮ, ʮǰɱķ˺ȫͬ
Ҳͽеսȫͬ
Ϊս׺, ճ, Ŵӡ
ʵϵս޳, ᣬÿ̶ʤǡ
Щаûƭң
ƭǹ
ˡ
ɬ촽Ŀ𽥱硣
һͬ˸غ͹ӿһۣ׷һ
Ȼĵٿðһ뷨
ϴ󣬵׺εºܣ

һֱӵظ뿪һ˵໹ֱǵҰгıӰءӿǻ᲻ԾضһȻӶԷҵơǰϹۡ͡뾹Ȼս١ϢŻƿ
һɥƷſڷֵ
Ȼλ췴¶ǵظļ£޷ϢʱӰ࣬ʱǡɴڴ칫ҸԪԼ㱨ѺرѪϴͷһֻҲԪ˽ͣһ䡰мȥһ¡Ҵˡ
״ԾȾ͸ȥ
ڵظ޻ûǰĻ㱨
غ͹ӿ޲ùϵҼģ̤ɥƷĽĬĬ˻ĵû¶ǲҪȥݰˣѡڽ޵ƨɺͷȥš
˪ǻؾƵ¿һֻСƶˣ

غ͹ӿ˰칫ྣƿ˴칫ҵĴš
ڣĴԪϸɲıɫȻţûпյҹҲȵϢȴʼű±ƵƿһȲ衣
һԣ˫ȸ߸ߴϣüϣ˻ͷʱһ߷ϵıͲ
ͲવأԪߴҲŽʱЦʣϣСۻˣ鴦ˣ
ͷϣ˹
ԪֱӶˣʣʲôȥˣظ
ޱһ٣ȴҲûжྪȡ
ܵظһСʱһ㶼ɱ֪ϢٶȡеСβһǧ˲λһⶼе꣬ĻѾѡһλεĹۡ
˼ǧ뵽ٷֱʱ뿴ԼԼһ䡮޷˻񣬵ͷ
Ԫ״ֳ°ͣһֻĦű±ʵߺ󲻾ҲյϢǵ˵̫ãҺͱҲһ˵ظƺȥˡ
ǣ޵˸մӵظ뿪Ԫͱ㵽ˡ
˫
翴ޣʵԵʲô
һ·һ·֡ʱŹһˮôΣ˵ǧΧۺ⣬Ϊ׵ֹۺ޸λۣˍڣɽϯҵڴߵϢΪۺ֮ķϯҵڴ·磬ۺ᧿Σ
ˣȻܶ޶ԡ
ǱӴϯҵҲŹϯҵ֡
Ĺϵһ㣬һֱΪۺ֮òǱϯҵλãܵеͰ׵ϯҵͷȥ
˶͸ôڸôĵطʲôۺ֮
綼˲ֵظ׼ȵۺ⣬ȴһƬ
ʲôҲûС
ۺ⻹ǶǰżȻʱģľïʢյ̲ݰȻмɫͬСҡҷôǷ羰ѵӡʹ߿еȫûа֮
費Ƕ𣿣
һò׵ȵޣȻҪôһ¡
޾ϸؽ˼ǧΧۺǣֽϯҵЩռĶΪҷ鷳˵һ顣
磺ǷӮˣѾôˣղŲ˵ϯҵ𣿡
޶һ룬ĵ˵ӮˣӮ۹á
ɣʲô˼
ޣϯҵɱģǷ󡣡
ص˲Ծߣʲôжˣ
ԼķӦں֪ʶʲô
ǰĺԱķһͶƱͶƱǡƢ쵼ʣ˶ͶƢ𱬵ĸ硣
±緢ԺЦݴһԱɰԼڡ
ȻϣƱеһ
ͶƱ֮󣬻ԣ˵㣬ƢҪĸģȻôҶ󰡣˭ܵƢ
ʱ룬Ҳզˣ
ֲֻһƢļһҲ
Ҳ
ͻȻĶжˣǶ·ɵϯҵסۺ֮λã𣡣
ȻϯҵˣҲظǵ¶޾ߣһ߻һߵУҽǲǳ󣿿϶ҲôԲſϷּһ
޵ԺĬĬҪǻãϾûʲôõˡ
뵽Ϊͬؿ۱磬绹Ħ°˼ģ˵ôֶģ
ĬĬֻ̧
ɲǼ䣬һƯڱǰԱһ˲͵Ŀ⣬ԼࣺЬս񡣡
ʮӣʵ˾䣺١

뿪칫Һ󣬻ϵԪ۾ϻصŵǴ޿˵ġ롯֡
Σƿ뿪
λ̫ɽݡ
̫ɽǿʡʡ紦ɽΪƽϸѩɽͷ羰ķ羰ȵΣճ̶ȣв¿͵Ž̫ɽݣһⶼ̫ɽݾʧ٣Ǻķ˴ͲҲûܽһ
̫֮ɽݾͱ˿Զ۲ɿ֮ء
ԪӰ̫ɽݵһѩԭ
ЬӲڸɽѩ֮ϣһǳǳĽӡͣسߣѩƯͷ̶ʱ˱һ㡣һ̣ЬٴβȥʱµİѩȴٿȻвݵء
һ޼ʵɫֲ̾Ͷɵĺ΢ݼζתԶʮֻͬĶԲݴ֡
Ԫ߻ջأգۼʧԭء
ĿĵһСľݡСľݵλٽĴеĸۡеĸۡλƫƧ֮صʵʵ涼ǸƵľΧ͵Χǽƽʱֻ޷
ȻᵽİϢлӸ֮ۡ˳˫ۺϾĿǰλĴ۵׳ŵĳ
ϣ
Ԫ޶ԣĿҲδֻ̧ͣСľȥ
ıӰ˳ƺȤת»ص˸֮ۡڡۡŹϵһ̣롪
Ҳ֪гһԱ֪ǵĴǹͽθ롣
Ԫ֪е˼Ҳȥᡣ
վľǰţ̶ڴɳƵ
ľݴŴ򿪣ڵһװξǰ
ⲿľݵҲǳ򵥣ֻһŴһһӡ
˿ԪҪҵϣߴӴս΢΢͵Ӱ޴ĺȫס塣
Ϊظ
˵ĲɣɤʵȴĪشһƶ˼
ԪδеȣֻӦһֵȥˣϯҵʧ˵Ѿ˽ȫˡ֪ϯҵƺѾˣ⡪
δ˵꣬˼
޷ǾϯҵѾ񣬿̫ˡ
еˮ֡
߻۾Ŀ⴩ֱֱԶϯҵȷʵáѡҲϧ²ڤɽȻҲˡ
Ԫ۾ô綯ֵġ
ߣҷԸġ
Ԫһ
ɱƻӦú˳
ƶļƻУϯҵȻ̳ɽôܹ𡢷ŴĵϯҵĲٿ±һͷβֻ֪ɱ¾ķӡ
ӾܳΪĿеս
ȡ١
ǡ
߻ת壬һŲϵȻ¶Ԫǰûǵ鶢Ԫ͸¶˼ֲ죺ĴȻûзĴڡ

Ԫ֪طӦ˵ƺָ롣
ͣΪֻͨˣ̽ ޡ
ֻ㵱ˣһ
ԪָɫسȥȻ߽ʵȷˡֳߣѯʹޣȴֻԷǸͨˡ֪ǿǵסܡ
Ψһȷı޶ǰٷְٵΡ
ԪĬԣ˺ܾò¿ڣʲôˣ
΢΢һӳˣ
񣬱ڼǰͳ١
ٶ֣ԪͫȻ
*
ظרɥƷꡣ
¥ڣǼĲͺᣬϵԡ¶Ϣ㡣
صɥƷʱϵǳɫմڷѪѪ֣Դмԡҡ
Ͻס·֣ȥԼУȥϢһᡣ
Բеź
漴תͷ׼Լľ·ݵſڡŲǽϣŴŴһһֻƯ֣ѹסĵ׷С¹ɫȻ̬·ŵС
һֱ¹ϣǰƺһĨ׵Ĳ
Щ롪
֪ԼĶ룬Ժ̬Ⱦ͸úһ㡣
ڶԷٵʱҲЩ
ϧںҲûˡ
һʪϢԡ߳ı˴һ˼ģƫͷڷˮֱҲ˷ĸ첲ϡӽ˵һק˻̧ͷʣʲô
գ۾Ŵ˿̵롣
׼TɫTԵЩ΢һдƬ¶ǰɫɫӳĸ÷ֿڸĸо
᲻Ծع£ĬĬƿߣǰ˵ܵܳرÿҼһϲġ
ʱ֮Աǡ
֪ˡ
˵ԵЩ⣬գ۾𣿺һôҡ
㣿
һٵûô
֣ûɫ
룺
Ժ첻ԼѵΪ˳ȥ·תȥԡҡոʹùԡһԡ¶㣬оЩ⶯һٵϴƿţѾԾڴͷ꣬ϴͷ˱ȥ
ڵյԻȡ
ŲµǣĳһЩ룬ɤʣ㲻ˣ
·ϻںҪŲС
⣬˲۵й¶˼Ц⣬ܣٴ˾һΪһֻõˮ֮ӿȪ౨ĶҾҽҪźٴˡ
룺
ҲûҪ
ܲסеź
ҹɫзͣڴ⣬ڶƵ۾ضųһĴӰ̶϶˵ļײϴͷ䣬Ƶ˷
ƹ΢ΣĵĴ̼𽥸ǹ󼹵ʹ߿ʼ޷۽ͷĵƹڻɴƬٻƣӰӡӰӰ´¡
Լ˱ˮϰˮ㣬ֱϢС
Ĵݼ
˿ڣ͵Ӧһ̶˱Ĵ𣿡
*


68 
ʪҹƽ
뵥۵ǰ, ŬŻź׷ƽ˾̧һ˫ȥ
βȾż㣬ֽ§ø, ҧĶʣٴ˻ҵź𣿡
룺
ȥֱϵ, ״ӡ, ÿһССĺۼ˵ʱ
Լϵ㣬ס˾Ҳ˵ģ, ĬĬƿ, װû˵⡣
ûͨĶ⣬̧ĵţ㲻˵͵Ĭˡ
Ƴһۣĵ֡
ͺ, ڱôһ¶ȺƸˡ
ڼ轵¡
ƿӣݵļʱĻߣŽŲڵϣѩ׵ɫĵذɫγ˼ԵӾ˲͹ס˷еע
˲ɫؿڴͷ, Ŀ޼ɵ˳ĳ, ֱӰתԡң¡
ü, ԥȥ
ššŰ, ȷܾŽȥľ
ֺ, ڣˮϵԡ, 봹ȥѾʸݽ״һƺǺ˳Сһ·, ΢Ĵ˱ҹɫܡ
۵һ˿Ρ
ûú, ԡҴŵķ϶дˮŽ͵͵͵ĴϢ
ٴմһ˲ͷһƣס˻ųβӡۼļ˯ˡ
üβ֮ɫķͬһֻȮزȥסƳֺƤȥײ󣬷ҧĶɤӵҪ˯𣿡
ĵҲû˯
յԹķϰǵЦ⣬ס˫˫ţ󾱵ļͻй¶Ц⣺ԣ˯ˡ
ʱһ¥ǽϵӱڵεδǰߣķһһ󣬺Ҫꡣ
ûñ㳹ߡ
ֻ˸ΣߣƲΡ
һƬ֮УһȥΧֻ˿˿ƯŵİЩʶͬһ׽룬ֱۺһ䣬ּƮԶ
ÿһεĴŵֺá
뱻ǶЦЦݺܿ
Ǹ֪ʲô߻Զͬһʱ̵ͳɤرĿռ𣬴ЩĻԷ٣þò
ϤϤĳƺʱҲû̫ı仯
Ŀ鲻䣬Ȼܾò𡣡
֡
׼ȷ˵λʱһƺ
紵Ķ̷Ĵʶһ˲ģת֮ƻص˴ǰӡ
Աżֻճ̺ǽʳ¹ɽ°ȻؿĹ²ᣬվɽ˵Ż֮ؿϴ˯
Ļֻһ˲ͱͣ봹ȥİסԼָ⡣
˿ռڵļžʣôͻȻң
𣺡㲻ͻȻұΪһˡڵظ֪Ĵڣ㡣
˵ظЦһЩ۹ԽԽˣظ巽ƺûһõóֵġ
Ҳ͵Цһ£ɹֲҡ
룺ţ
һǿķ紵ǰȻͣ£֪Ǹ𡣾ǰֻаǵͳȴٴаֻ죺һ俪ʼҾ͸оҲŲסˡΪΪʲôһֱûܸ֪Ĵڣ
ظ巽Ҳѡģû
뺫ϵѯʹΡԺΡ
Ǹ溬Цݣ޳ģĴ𰸣һҲûж˵
˼رҲپᣬ룬첻˵Լȥ
Ϊۼ֤һλλ䡣ٺɽɣͻȻʼԼʶҲ
ԭٻƻ衢ڰĲֻλ
磬ڴµҽǲͬĽ֡
巽۽ѡ
ܸоһһʳңҪ׽ɡ
٣ҵʱ䲻ˡ
һһĵ̾ᵽ͸¶ЩΡ
Լ޳ָǰ˯ʱżֳ͸ɫʱ꣬ȴ졣һУҪ鹦ں졣
ΰ쵽ģ֪
Χ׵ɢʱ̣ͳҲ΢٣ԺҪˡ
Ĭţ΢΢һȴδӴ

뻺۾չʢֻɫĴǿŹ߿Ψ̽ķ϶й¶˼ֹʶȥһֵҪ˫§Ϣ˯øⰲȡ
ˣ
ע⵽΢΢ѻ𳤽޺սֱۣʵ
šۣӡǣЦŵ簲ֵҸոεˡ
üδѯεʲô£ ڤɽǿú£ЦŸ˵ܵܳúÿҼϲġ˵Ҳţȥۼ
ͬ𣿡
ͬˣȥ·ϣҾˡ
˵󣬷Լżźʧڤʱֱ̫ڤ뿪֮ʣȴԣͦǧǰսǺģ
룬òδ䣬ʴҲǲͬġ
뷨뵱뷨ıϡ
Ҳʱķ
¿꣬ΪܻСʨһ۵ҧűϺü
ţĺڷ

ͷ𴲣ϴ·һ¥ŷѾһ㡣̵شɥƷĴţҫ۵ĹȻ룬ڷԹճǳǳĹκӰӡһתڸڴſСǰļˡ
ҶϰЦедˣءӿԼޡΧһӣྡ
ϵĹƤѳСɽ
ȻŴ򿪵Ŀһӱת˹ڷתһȦĿȷسȥ
ϧҪȴû֡
һʲô˵ʲô£أ
ͱûô죬˵Ƣӽмϧ֮С˿ûʲôѯʣûֻü˳ЦЦʣҶĶʲô£
һλɾͷôҵģҲû飺ʵҴԷѴȥҽԺ۾ôÿһô۾ʹô
û˵꣬˵޳ӰԺһ˫ڱʯ򱡷磬ʣµĻ˲俨˺
ǰֻ˵ţǼҲֻǿƬҲǵһĿĿ
ŴĬһ˲ԷҾͦбµģҪ㿪ࣿҸǮ
һԿֵ//ӿ
û뵽ô֡
˵˵ҲͦȤġ
ֻһЩ˼ʣԿ𣿡

ڳĬԺǹĻض˼֣ĵĵͦۿǸ𣿡
ˣ
ܲӵط˸ۣҲ̲סĵһ
ĵۣ
ǿŲǵÿ죡

غ͹ӿɥƷ¸㱨
㱨λ巽ۡϯҵΧۺգ巽ֻһεıɽ񰲷ֵڱɽûڣλɥֺ֮ȲطµĹۡ
ӿϸϸؽλι۵Ϣ֪ܽ᣺ҾáС
ֵؿɳŶȣղŹӿĻ㱨һûˣСֲЦӭϹӿмɻĿ⣬̧̧°ֹͣǲУҿǷǳС
λһλ绹ЩԨԴǰͱɹһܡ
ڸɼܵɡ
Է޺֮һ⥣Ϊպ֮һ˴ʱȥ⥱Ⱥǰ鵽λ۵ͷϡ
ʱܵü겻Ӱû뵽ͻȻˡ
һԹ۵ġ
ⲻڳ
˵˵յĹ£ؿ˿ڣûϵǹ׼˭ȭͷӲ˭ǰûļڴҲ٣ҪǴ򲻹㻹Ұ֣ˡ 
һۣûӦ͡
޶Ա˽ԣϲµѷ⻰ȥˡ
Ȼ˲ӣ뿪ɥƷ꣬վſڿıӰʧϻͷ˵ӻһתոջŵѵ˹ŹǰǷģȻȥѰġ
أǸƢ
ƳһۣãˣұΪ˵Ҫߵġ
ԺٺЦһϴӺͳһֽ߹·Ҫ׬Ǯ²½ֹ֮ɽǲҪµˣ
޺͹ӿԶǳȤǷһҲûиǣǴ˼ı飬°ͣʣôˣ
뵽˵顣
죿𣿡
Ȼİ֣һֻèըëıԵǻûǴĻ˯ողģˢϴͬһƬռ䣬ôʱǸиϵ
ۼ¶㱳Һͱ졯ί֮ɫ밴ס鶯۽ǣָĶ̷ͣξ˵˵顣
Եؽͬȡļ֪һ˸ŵҲɵôչ˼ͲǸö
˵ţԹԵصͷҲеǿظļѡ񣬾Ϳóô
Դȴһʡ
ƫͷһۣ΢΢ۡ

ϣذȥϰˣѵûţ˻м⣺ô°ϰôûƨɺͷ
˵Ц÷еȦ̵ޣֻʱʱ̸̿ڶԷߣռõ㡣
㻹ɵ⼸Ա˽Ĺ˵ռ̫صΪһεãҪʱʱ̶̿ԺָҪġ
û뵽ϰˡżҪһ˽˿ռ䡣
벻֪뷨ҲֻǼ򵥽䣺岻̫ڼϢˡ
ӦҪúϢȫ޷ִַɥƷ꣬Աغ͹ӿȥıȫɨɾؽÿĹջǺɫƣСƵģڵϣȻ۵ùǺ
һԵĹӿò˶١
Ⱨ߽Ŀ⻮ɸɾĿͽ䣬ǳ⣬Ҳɳ뻹ûͱغ͹ӿſˡ
ֱԴʷϴװʲô
ֱ·
ְԴȥӿСıԹ²ۣϴ䲻֡
ԱӿǺܵ⻰һ䣺ǿսҪϴԴףҲ䲻֡
ĵղŲ䲻
С̸ţͻȻǰһƬӰ̶ɳϡ˿ȥģ棬۾ָָؽһ¡
غ͹ӿʲôѶһһ㳯ŷ˹
üãҶţе¶ǡ
/ӿ
һСʱؿڸһںȸһˮŵĹӿ߶߶߶˵ţ
˵ʱʱ죬ͻȻǰȻһҪ̴ϴĵС
ӿⱲеĴȥۺⷢһУ˧ģһ˵һȥ۲ı飬ȻڸոյһСʱǼϴѾ˲¶ʮ龭ȻڶʮһΣ൱档
ȵӿҲڸˮȣ˹ص̫ˣʵĻһʴɫһ Ȼ˵һ顣
ӿ
˭Ⱦ
ȻʱҲͻȻֲӢ۾ĻеĶ޼̸ʱûѪҺڷڣⲻظʮԺܱ顣
ӿ޿ͬؿһۣļ򰲸ͬ飬һٸҽһ顣
ϵͬһ
ʮӺ°ʱյ˷ֱغ͹ӿϢ
൱򵥣ֻһSOS
Ծʱǡÿַüʲô˼ڸ𣿡
봹˼һ£תͷ˸绰
ͷȰȰŬµضȻֻ𣬲԰ƣĿͻȻעٿһ¾ˣȵ绰ͨͷѯʣֻһ䡰Ƕһ𡱣Ȼ˵ϼ䣬Ҷϵ绰³ףɡ
أϴҪȥרųϷĸһµʱĳ㿴ô
ӿҲʵڲȥͶʣֱӸĸӰɣ
ǣ˼ҲǲС
/ӿ
*


69 
ԹӿصĥһֱӰ°㳹׽
ֻദ, Űϣʱ۾ģмӵĸжصÿۺ⽫¡ǵĿеЩɻ, Խǿɳϵˡ
Ҳ֪غ͹ӿʲô
к, 뵱غ͹ӿȴûжʣֻļ, һºͣˡ
صίһѱһرס״
д, ֪Ҫıס, ˵ͺϯҵһ͸͸ˡ
ֻαؿףûãΪϴ󡣡
Ȼ
Ӱܿʧããҹɫ
ţȻͷ, һӰݵ壬΢̧ͷȵĺͱ˱Ĵá
Ű壬ʪ£˵ļ, , 컹Ҫϰࡣ
û֣ɰ§, ĸű·ż¶ȡĲ, ǵ·ѪҺζ, ͵Цһƣٴ˸òҹ˯ , ˵ɣ
룺
ü, ָڷļһ, ⧲˼֡΢ؿŰϣͷһһӹ΢ڣָⴥ͹ǣ˳žžµĻϣźͣ΢Ĵǣ
ȻҲûзϵ˼תŵЦ⣬ʣ𣿡
û˵
ֻֻԭڷĴǵȻıƣס˵ļ
͵͵ɢڴߣǱҹɫҪջ󣺡Կ
ˣ˭˭

Խǧɽˮ峿չⱻ˿ϷĴټڵĻ谵֮¡ֻ𣬽һִֻɫ
忿ڴͷոմ˯۵׻ż˯⡣ŵתס䣬ܿЦٴ治ս֮
ڰޣһ죬תѡ
üۼûаƣ
ĵ٩봹ȥ۵ֱδŹĺۼע⵽񣬷뱧ָϺۼࡣ
ķɫͰףɫĺۼδɢఴγǳǳĺ졣̵ۣػشղŷĵ٩ɱҶɱҹδе̫Сˡ
ԴӱλĵС˼ԺûôƤϣ⻰ܻӦһ䣺´һĸҹȽۡ
룺
·֪ԣסüۼɢЦ⣺ٵĻھͿԳһҹ
˵䣬Ѿڴϡ
޳ָȥһһָ˿ϷϡͻȻ츩ѹʱĴ֮Уݳָקɫָؽڷףҧ˺ۼ˿˿ѪζɢȴֻΪ˿̡
ɷƫƫĵ
ʹŪ
ʲôܷڵž֪з·Ϣɢ·ֱ˵֮ѵЩ˯¡
ȴļŰɫ˲УδüúͣɫĿɳȥеڵ˸ʵ
Щź̾ϢޱܻǵɫĶⴲˣڲˣȴʼҵļҪ
ڰҿҵļôˡ
仰δ˵ڣӭͷһĨڡ
޳ָɫһ¹ҳ·
µԡ𽥱ڵ졣
Ц
ڵıѾˣԡϴʱ򵥵˸
Թ緹͵̲ꡣ
ĵȴмֲģָĵعСָһûлְְ̲ɥƷ𣿡
̲űɴ򿪣˼һ£գգۣʱû뷨ϰ˵ȹҰһġ
Ŷǲ̫¡
ҲԸ
밲ƵԴѵĺϰĺе㲻һġ
˶ֵõ
ǵϸ΢Ĳˬʧһɶ߽̲ꡣ
Ǻ֮ǰһس°Ϳڳϡ
վʼˬܱ߳иƽǻã紵¶ȻЩ⡣ڴŷҲЩı䣬ǽͷϵĺɫ˿
ȴᱻĸоֽ⿪ŦۣʱڱԵøɢ
żƳʱܿĨ׵ǡ
ֹ˵ġ
ĲɵزŻע⵽ѩǽϵĹӲŶȻʶʱѾ˾ŵ㣬ȴһֱûꡣ
뵹޳ٵֻǰϰߣ״򲻶ǰӵ̲ꡣѵõĳٵĴǣֻҪѯޣŷֶԷǰͷϢ㿪һ
룬ҽҽԺˣ·ϱһƿײɣû[è.JPG]
һ٣æ˸绰ȥ
ҪƬ飬һʱҲûջظ룬°ֱҽԺ
Ϊǹ޵ĵһ̲һλԱִŷȥڵҽԺ˵Ҳɣƿ޵ĲʱҽڣλҽҲ൱졣
ݵ˲պͷԷʱ⣬״Ӽ˼ֳȺϽ˵ּ̧佫ֱʲ״ӵĿڴͷſڡ
һ۾ע⵽޳Ӱ
ͷվһʵۣҽԵļСʿѾҽǺܿԽϡ
¶Цݣͷû뵽λѣ
Ҳм⣬Ӧ֮ʻкҽ
ҽֻһˣкת뿪ˡߴıӰջ̶һȹڲɽޣѯʣ𣿡
޵ģȥ㲻һԵĹϻûжԼһЩСʳѯʣڰ֣ûãֻǶȶѡ
룺ôͻȻײϣ
޻𵱳ĳҲЩԣҾ̵Ƶʱ·ƿǸүƣʮˣ֪ĻΪĲǰǹףҶûӦͷˡҹĽңҿЦ˵ʱҷΪҪˣֻǶȣһ˶ûС
˵ŬԼʯȣЦеȫԹĺã϶ƽʱȥݷеϵҶˣҾȥҺǴʦ͵Ǯ
Դ³ɼó£ȥ֮ÿһʱ䶼ڵɽܡԭԼ˵
ڿ
һ⣬˫ۿϵķüĵһ
޵״̬ȷʵ൱Ҳû˵ʲôֻչ˺ԼֵҪû㻤˵ĻҽԺһɫˣϽʹҡͷæ֣ҽǵȻ˰ͻģ㻹Ǻͷϰȥɡ
˵֮һԵģҲû¶ʲô߷겻͵޻Լܵ˷ðǵ
ŨҲһֱûɢ
ʶ˷жճ֮޾Լ׷˿̵Ĳٵ顣
ϾΪҪҽԺôӦþں빲ˡ
ôŶҽԺҩˮζúá
뵽ԼȻͷ֮Ķ硣
һʱûв뷨ѯй⣬ڵõĻشԺڰ뿪ˡ
һſʱﻹʣӡ

ٽסԺûʲôĲˣ徻һȥҲյģԵÿռĻϲ֣˼ؿԵˡֱףڣȻ׾ٱ˷ע⡣
˻üʵôˣ
գ۾ʣ³ɼ֮ûˣǲΪ³ɼã
ͻȻð÷е˼⣬ǲ֪³ɼʶŵûˣûͷƵϣȵϢϣʣ֪³ɼã
һ͵ø³ɼ뿪ƶ̲ޣҽӴ
˶٣һ䣺޹ϵá
ԭˡԱҲûڣֱԵ㿴ţƤд޸ɽιżҵԺֵͨݽŽʡ
³ɼã˵żʵͷ̸Լ˽һǺͷҲûô죬ǷӾͲѯʦ̸˽Ҫˣܸ֪˿żϢ
ŨȴͬıȦޡ
ⳡż޲ҲУֻǶȵС⡣
Ļش봹ҹĻ۵׻ʳȻ
˵һ֪֮飺³ɼ뿪ƶ̲֮û죬յһŷµţдŵ³ɼá
дϣ뽫췢ƶ̲ڵһжǣԺˣҲʶ
ȻյţĵȻޱɻġӷĿ֪³ɼõʵݺͷİţ㶮ˡ
ǷΪ˷ֹⷢ
Ͼʱ֪й³ɼûŵ³ɼøΥͣҪûǰѣԺײ˾¶ˡ
ûͦ˼
أ˼ʱЦһҵûȻʶԵ֡
ҺԵ֣
ҺԵ֡üЦЦµˣµʶ֮Ե֣
ԡ
룬ܻ˵˵
΢΢ĴЦֶ˵˼żص飺ҵ󲻾ãָЩΪ޸ɽʱڵļ䡣
ΪȱżἰǰʱܴмֶԼĻɡɺȴ÷ǳƶԷҾҵĴƺǸΣյźš
⻰еɻżҲ˵ʲô
ֱֻھ޸ɽ۱ͨɥʧ䣬źܡ
ѡݣ临ա
ͷ֮Ľ̸ŵݵִһ¥׽
Ŵ򿪣վֱһۿȥǿٱģȻǣ֣ȥ
ǰ̤ţ߱ص˾Ȼٵľע̧һȲעŵƹ˸ľȻҴʻ·סԺǰ̨ʱС˵
ҽﰡܳ£ҽû⣡
һСʱǰв˼ҽĶأ˵ǼĹ˺ܶӣǴȻҩˮģΪ˸лҽ޶ͺҪ͸ҽ
ҽԺҽֱ˱һ
뽫Щ·ʱȴ¶ɫ
סԺ뿪ҽԺҪ˿̵ļſΧżҽʿûпҽϤǰڲڵºͣŴüĽšѾѪȾɫİ״ӣ侲ָŻʿǽ뼱ҡ
ҿű ž֮зȻ˿ڣ뿴ȥʱҽʧķ򣬻һý屨Ϊҽ¼˼ҽûа˾Ȼ˵ҽİ칫ߣɱǰȥ˵ҽ
λҽͷ죬֣ͨȻ޷
ҲңʱҽҽԺκεҽǶҪ
ţ̨¼ʱɿŵӻ˸š
£˵ͷ븱ҲһֱҽǸҽ

ͷҽԺ뿪󲻾þյ޵΢ţΪ֤ԼĲǹ¼ҹˣصŸĸͽææƬ벻ɵþúЦ˸úֻ
뻹ȥϰ࣬ղվɲĽûȾҲû̲裬Ϸű׿ˮģȥǳСվ˵˼仰ص̨ʱ죬ҲûеƷֻ
۽ǵһɨע⵽΢΢üģϿǵгơѡĹؼʣһ䣺ôˣ
ڿصţԽֻǰһţʡǱ߲ɽһֱ±꣬һСʱǰʯͦصġ
봹ȥ
#ʡطɽ廬¹#գʡطɽ廬£Χ¶ε·¡ݱ٣ֹ21:0016ѡ
߻δջأڵĿ˵һСʱǰʡǱ߻ˣҪˡ
԰ҵܵһҾʡͦԶģܸܵ𶯡֪ʡôˡ
뽫ֻ㣬ƳۣСֹ⼸ǲеࣿ
û˵ʲôתʱȴ޷Ϣ޵û뵽ҲڹעʡĵͿʡɽ廬£æز˵绰ƿɺţ˵
ʡͿʡֲԱǶȥֳˣڣҵҴߵĿԻӲ١Щ¹ʣһЩİæȥֳģѾһ׾˵ϵˡ
Ϊģֵ˪ϢҲѾȥʡˣҲȥʡ
ش𣺡֪ˣˡ
˰࣬ͷؼҵ·ֻ鿴¹ʵϢȥСʱԮԱԼǵİ£Ԯе൱˳һƵһµļĲڵĴʯϣԾͷʱˮĶͷ¡
Ϊɽ廬·ʡصⳡһֱûͣ£ҵƣڸ㽫ɤźر
ͷﻹ̫ܿѨ΢΢Ķ
ĿǰΪֹԮԱѾӷ¾ȳһٶλߣȻ࣬ԮԱǾԲģҲϣԱԼǲҪٵȵȣǻѴҶȳġ
ĵĻȥͻȻԶƫͷָ̧֣ᰴüĵλãѯȥ
룬ͷͬˣȻյִʡ¹ֳ˵յõϢȪʡǱߵıأѵʱںҵ洬ˣơǴϵ˶Σˡ
˵ʡͿʡǰֿʼĹ˿ȫȫر¶ϡվԭȥ˼˼룬ŷȥȪʡһ̤ϷӿЪĺ棬ĿֱƬҹԵüΣյĺ
ǿҵĽͿ絼ºͬҽʮ׸ߵľˡ뵥ԴԴϴͷµˮ㵼ˮֳϪģ֮伸ûжѵĺۼ˺˴ˮ
΢ƣҾãƺɺϡ
üǰڵĺ棬ס΢ָȲ⣬ȥǱ߿
ûãȻ
룬档
̧ȥ
ɫĺȻӿɫľˣ֮һڲͬİ׹⣬΢Ĺֳ֮׹Ƭ
޴ｫ񼹱¶ںˮ֮ϣھκ֮бƽȵΣԽǧ˺ߡ
Ӧûͷβϵƽ͵ߣתףһգʧ
һĻڣˣƬȷʵסһֻǰ˸绹һХʱûκԱ
һͷŪֻ÷ֲˡ
ۿϵҴ߶룬뿿ڷļϣ˼ʱһϤ
١
ͳɤ·𴩹ЩĻ
ǰڵĿռƺз紵һӰ֣Եҡҡ׹
뻺۾˶Էݣ𡣡
ǰάΣȴԵѣԽ뿴缱˸ߵĺ棬͸¶κƣ㿴ˡ
µƺڿĴڣô޴ôݶķʽƿ硣
١ǱȽҹɫҪԥζŸ˿ⳡж㣬Ⱥ޹ࡣ
ԽԽһεʱպ·ڸ͸Ļ
λֻʣ㣬óеΡʧؼ䳹ʧ
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70 
ȥļ, ڸضܰ
һҹֻ·ֻǻþÿһֻʧȥ߶Ѫܵʵ
żվڹŹصĽ޳ݵӰںڰ֮, ĿֱŴӹŹؽĹλ, Щλϱ鲻ͬеıѹ, еĿѡ
ǰЩֻλ꣬ʧǵѹģ
, ͿɥƷɳ, ǰϾɵӻϣĿܿץסǵλڽӰ
ڿλꡣ
ڿ롣
ǶȲ߻谵, ֻǿһ´µӰӡԼܽٺͱȫС
ϴǶŵӻʲôأŹôÿ𣿡
ؽȥɥƷˣıǹӿӵظģΪ˲Χ̼һɣֻ·װڳ͵ɥƷſڡֿ̧ױӷ߹صƻ, 𽥱úɡ
ϴе, һƽʱ̬ûȥ̲, Ҳûȥ, ͸ľͷƵ߿Źصļֱ
ʲôֵֹİã
 , ջûסСٴηʣϴ, ǲǺìˣ
ĿڼصĽ, صѯҲûӵ˼, ʣô
һ÷ǺìˣϴǮָֽɳһԾ˷ǰϴ󣬲˵㣬˼ʲôݣսٚGôܸ˼ҳܣ
ԭûãⷬ˼ЦЦʣôܻйϵ
һֱ׳ı飺ûϵеϵ
ԼΪսԲз۵Ʒʣ·ļ򣺡ϴ治˵һǸʣ϶ǲģľֻˡд͸ϽϣϽȥǸȻ벻ˣʧ󰡣
üһ޳ָĵؽڼϵָ£Ȼ֪ǹң˵Һĸ൱οûЩ߰Ķ
ĵ֮һǸ롣
ûע⵽صС˼ǼֻͣһЩ飬Ҳȥ˼ѡ
մȪʡ뿪ǳԼ
ĶԻڸ֮ûãǰ߱ΪʶɢӰӹԭڵĵطʱ·ɢ̾Ϣ
ɸֻṩһȴδ֪ںη
Ʈ졣
߱죬ֻҪöãҲΪ
ԭΪΪҵգ۲죬־Լˡ
񣬲ûв͸˼

ӹŹ뿪ѾϾŵ㣬ûȥɡΪϰ壬ʯҵżȻ֪չҲֻڰ֣ĵһ䣺Լ²Ҫģϰϰ࣬ϰ͵нݼˣǲȥ
⻰յľ͸˶У𾪵òͶϲϡ
Ա٩ʯܶҲ̫˰ɣòȹʯܵɣȻʱôôչԱ
ٴγڰɣ˽ʵǰڼ֮üã˿һ߲Ų̋һش㣺ô˵
㣺
֪طӦ
ԲۣԭǾĶ飡
𾪣ֵʱӦöˡ
ƽʱȻϲԣȴһ죬صһ䡮ȥֻذڰ֣Ϊĵɶ࣬ûɵķԱǰ굱ϰʱһءɶ¾ͷȥ
賿ʱ׼ʱرգ뻻ϸɾ·һɫ˿
㿴ǳɿģ̲סü漴ʲôϳһ ޡȻؼ˼۾ûĻɫĳǰϰ崩İɡаǣҸĺôܴ·ˡ
ӵ΢΢һ١
ֲʧЦ
ĳҲе˵ġʱ봩ɿ˯´¹شŹǷһָǼɫĳ
»ĴУ봹һ֪ԼӸĳ
׵ĳָ·½ǣͷҪ
ȴҡҡͷЦ㴩ġ
֮ĻشһʱҲûܷӦƺԼΪʲôҪ·
ɼȴѾӴ
˴нӹ·ָ˳󾱵λ£ָⴥĲϴһѿһű֦ڽ¨Ŀϸİס
ţͳսŴྶͥ
ɫݵļͷϵľ΢΢мֵƣҺüûˣûа𣿡
ҿ϶ʱԼҪشˡǡŴСʱϢء
ش˺ɫ£ĲϼĪַӵĸоųĵǼ⣬ͻȻ˷νʲô˼
һ죬ûߣȴܾ÷ϢδԶ롣
¡
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ش˸ĵ٩ҪĽĻҲһ
㾪У̸˾ǲһڶȤˣҶǰ㶼Ǻվͬһսϵģ
̲סЦиվͳһսߵˡ
ܻ뿪ЦЦתǰڽܿͷʱǰȴֶһεӰӣϵЦ𡣡
Ӧһֵͳȴĸо
⼸𶼻ʱϢĽʵ̫ˣ仰˵ɢʱһ¾£γǰ
ʵҵˣ
𣺡ˣˡ
˶٣ֱ׵ҴŲµ
뻺̧
žͳٶ𣺡񶼣Ӧ񶼡

ҹ
ʡֲ
ʡĵ¹ʣŵԱǶæýŲŵأƣǻ㲻Ľ֣ǳɹȳ˺ܶ౻ࡣ
³ɼǰ칫һ뿪ģݵӰǻڰ칫ڣæʰϰڷżҵƷִ̧ŵʱ̣һӰŴ󲽳ſڣԷڰ칫תһȦƺһ£漴Ŀ³ɼõϣʣ³ɼãʣˣ
³ɼûش˱ֱӵǾһ˰ɡ
³ɼȻԣԭ̵Ĳȴÿ˼֡
Ƿֲĸԭֻڣֽڡ
³ɼʵǳʲô¶𣿡
ڣյϢ˵ǹǱߵĹ԰ֹӵ˱ı绰ȥ鿴ʱֱܲãиֱ۶ˡҸղָǱߴ˵绰˵ѾϵĹ԰ˡ
˶٣䣺ǼĹ԰ľ졣
³ɼü۵¶˼־ȡ
ʡΰ㲻еôĶ
ڵûôעı飬ֻԹ˵Ҹǲ˵绰æ顣
ķֹȷһֲֶ飬֮ҲˡΪ³ɼõĶͷ˾ûգԽ齻ڡΪ˷㣬ڴͬΪ³ɼá
µĹĹ԰λʡʡĽطȽƫƧǵҹ٣ʵʱ̡³ɼһ̤Ĺ԰ʱЩƽïʢӰ΢·ͶƬƬ紵ʱиOO@@Ĺ֮С
ңңȥֻĹ԰ı֮гΪһĹ
³ɼõĶ߶Ϣյӣ뼡ëȻĴС³ɼòɫشĿ⻺Լࡣ
ֻȣ³ɼΪûӰӵġ
ڣűһĨֵӰ³ɼõζ
̧Դ
³ɼôһڱע⵽θԼûϢһݣ͵ŤԴ³ɼúö˶վڼ֮ԭأֲһɾ׼ַ˵ʱȴ˳³ɼõ߿˹ҡҡ׹ʬ塣
ӦÿԳʬ塣
Ǹˣ屻֮ϣǰ̫£һ˫ͫάŽģϾֵıޱԡ
ڿ屣״ʱɫ˲ͺ
٣ֻڱװŪ
޳ָһǿͬһ͸˲佫ռؼĹ԰ȫ漴ڵҫۻĹ԰ٿȻըɢĹ⼫ŵصĹ԰ܣҪۻĽ䶼ա
֪ΪĴ⿰ȰյĻ棬³ɼõ۽ǻǲԾһ¡
Ĭ֮Уֻڵ߻ǰĮĻȣȥǱߡ
ڵ˲ʧ³ɼõǰ³ɼü״æȥ˳ڵϢʱȻִĹ԰ۿȥȫǸ߸ߵ͵͵ĹĹ֮һˡ
׼ȷ˵һʬ屻ڳͨŵģλĹ֮ϡ
³ɼǰǾȱֱ۵ıʬ建̧ס۾̶ɫĮصڣͨĶ𣿡
ͨЦһǶҡơ
գڵͻȻһ䣬һƹٿȻҲľ֮է֣ŹĻһ˻ߵĲҽС
³ɼÿȥֻӰڻγɵİΧȦС
ڵĿڼ˺ӰݣһֻٻҡͷĹǹƺϵĻƵøʹĺһҶҡΡڶԴȴް֮ģֱ̧³ؽӵ³ɼǰ
ŵصһ˲䣬ҲڵʹʼǼᵽɾʵĿǹɱյȸҲһɢſڵϣָײ濪ʼڵĴ
³ɼõͷƤס۾˿ڣô£
ںȻ࿴һ³ɼá
³ɼʵǡô¡
ǡɵģ
˵ĿͻȻζ
³ɼûûзڵ仯ֻߴٶЩڡ˸ոһ⣬ڵĿ£Űûϵĸûϵ
û˵йϵֻ㿴ʲôǷ֪﷢ʲô
޺ĶȻôһ䣬Ҳ㶣ܿ㷴ӦڣһʱֻһӦֻĴϵϢŨҶҿ
һ£ʲôԵ𣿡
Ĩһѱᣬ⻰ʱ̽Եһ䣺Ҫ˵ˣܷŹ𣿡
ЦЦָ磬ֻϸ΢Ļ⣬ͷʹһ˲ԥһܴİ̺ۣʮֵģ
ڶԹ鲻˽⣬¶ԷƬŵǰҲһϵó
³ɼòһ
ڶ˵Էһʮְ̺ʱԺбٿȻһ
ڹ»ɢԺ󣬼ۺɽ۵
³ɼõɫ΢΢һ䣬ĵԼ˼䲻õԤС
ȻڣŨĹԶҫ۵Ļ³ɼúϮ
˵ķӦٶҲ죬˲һ߲㿪³ɼûۼֿؽſڵϵĶ𶪵һߡ
ڶصһ˲䣬ԭվŵĵط˴ƬĽۡŵɪɪϽϥǲͣȥ󣬶³ɼúڶһۣǰ߳ɤۺɽ
䣬ŵЦͷ𣺡û뵽Ȼ֪ĴҲĬĬ֮
Ц㹻ȴӰ
۾ԼĻ类ĨɫɸǣһЦָһϵ¶Ȼ໥Ļ˲ַ֮ƣۼż׽ոɾһӰȴͻأس
䡪
ǿĹϯȴڼײʱȻɢ
͵ػͷֻ³ɼĺ࣬ȥӰ
Ҳֻ
³ɼõһһӹ˵ĳ࣬۵𽥱ñ䡣
е˼
ڲԣļѯʣЩ˭
³ɼã޸ڣλۡ
ڵŭǵظʲô˼Ҫ췴ǹ۸øɵ𣿡
ȻȻؽظ巽۹ɡ
ⲻ֪
ڼ֮ǰԭȵ巽ɱۺ֮ȡ֮³ɼûڣ⼸λεҪǵ·
ⷬϳЦԣ˵ˣǺǿɲһǺۺ֮ҲһԽĽȻ˵ա
ôţЦǾԿ
ڵԥطܵٶȴ죬ͬʱλҲͬʱܱ֡ѡΪ۵Ȼм汾£˿λһͬڴ֮кܿ·硣
١
˵һŰ֮ʱûȻ
λ۵ӻѣ֪Ƭǿ볯ڶֵġڹСԱ³ɼãûи
ƫƫҲľעǵļƻʵ֡
³ɼõϱޱŨĺͬʶϯһѾ˵У顣
ֻһƷ³ɼŰĿ˹ƣֵֹ·صͼ̧֣˳֮л˷
һ룬ӰȻʧ漴ֳǰ޴ĺɫǿն¡
Ƽ䣬Ž
ڣղݣ 
Ըڰ칫˽̫ǳһСԱǿַϣ
ô£µȴ롣
ܿ컮һİۡ
ڵؿڱһţڵ˳ȥָŵ棬ڼٵĺͣ
̧ͷָﻹųָ߲һ£ѪãβѹסЦ
Զ
³ɼƫͷϺɫĹƱȾŨĺɫڵͫҲ𽥸һ㰵죬ֱڶ˫ֱǰֻ
һ˵ֹͬۡ
ǹۣǴ³ɼõʵ޸ɽۣҲʵ൱һܴ޸λ۵ɫѾɷף˸ҡҡ׹ڣɽȻһЩüۼİͿѪȴƭˡ
³ɼãֱϷˣĸо˭ƺû˵ôһˡ
³ɼϵѪڱɫİƻգЦЦ¶Ȯ񣬴żѪʱҿԸ㡣
ء
³ɼõȻײļǿײȻײɡ
ٿȻŤͷˡ
λʵҲǳصģɫĹԭȱײɵĪ󣬱л³ɼȻû·
Ҳˣɼ˵д̽š
ͬʱо޴նλ۵ͷ­
Ѿ嵽ߵڿ³ɼ˵һǧ˰ٵģһϵȫ۳ҫ۵Ļ磬ȥ
߼״̧ȾҪ뿪
Ȼ³ɼ˫ֽУڽԼؿѹȥͬʱסЦǶ⣺ʲô
ֵУڵĽϡ
֮ԭ
ȻƮߣ˲佫Χס˻Ȧ֮ڡ
һӣ㻯˻ҽ
ͣ룬ܿ˶³ɼõա
³ɼֽ̧ؿڴаγŤͷʣλ֧Ųסıɽۡ
֮䣬
³ɼ۾еȻɢ޷֧ȻءͫһʲôҲ˲ϵ³ɼÿǰ
ʡʱע⵽и漫
ҵ
ڲŵ³ɼûϵ¶ЩƲס³ɼõҲźȣһʱȻ޷˯
֮Уǰлһ
Щļҵȱڣʼͣⱼӿ
пһˡ
ôĿעʮӣϻ¶ɻźı飺ΪʲôأҽѡΪ޸ɽۣȴԸΪã
*


71 
ǧǰ, ԭ޸ɽ뿪ظһȥżѡε޸ɽۡ
żرԸ, , ԸºͣظмߵۡΪʱ巽֮һ, żȴۺ֮еϲ
Ϊȥͷͬһˣڼ, һԼΪ׼, Ըͬۡ
ƫƫ
ҲˣżȻΪ޸ɽۣڵظҲûжù
Ҳ⡣
ת۵㷢ĳһꡣ
Ǹʵ, ż˼ĺѱԼ˼棬żĳһ·˼ʱͷ˼ҵʶȣȨʱˣһֱһƬһС
ܵ˷ֵȴܲԨѧʶʶ
żʱһȲ, ˼Ҹ̸, ָɽˮ֪С
һգżԭҲΪͨƽһ, ִһֵʱ, ȴŨѪһֵķɫ, ǺǵѪζȡһķ㡣屻ƶǣһֲҵ
żҲʯ˼Լһڡ
ʯż, ڶĳª¶Ц, ̧Žʬߵżǰ, ³ĶñڵϹ˺üȦʪȾĺͷʿĶĵ˷θȻʯȴ˿δãЦø
ʯЦˣżھѡʱˡ
żͻȻ֪ػʲô
ǰʱۺ֮ǰҹ˵һǶǵĻ֮͸¶˼޷ǾϣżԼվͬһսߡԴżֻº͵ЦЦһ䣺ߡ
û¶ϣµĴ
ʵżҲǺʯ˵ΪʲôҪô
ֱǸ˵ĳ֡
Χķ绺۳һ޳Ӱվʯ˵̧ע
żԵһμҲһΡ
Ϊľܾŭ˶ԷԷ̧֮ƿ壬ÿһĹͷǱݺˣֻҪ΢һ
żҲȷʵˡ
һһ֣۵ڴȫµĹһССĶʼͣй¶ǼѪ磬ϢԽԽ΢ʱ̣żԷߵԼߣӸµһº͵ɻĿע
ΪʲôأҽѡΪ޸ɽۣȴԸΪã
żͷһڻһƬƬƮʱմȾѪĴǳ˸Цݡ
峣˵˻һҪԵԼ
żãһֻҲöԵԼ
˵ǲɱ˷͸øɱ˷һΪ
Ϊġ
ִͷۣѡ˷뿪Ժʯģԥ̧˽š
żԼ屻ײ
۵һ̣ȴһ֡
ԵĿհףȱʧļټ˼תһȦһȦͨĹ»ҰһżĹͣżҲֵĽֵƣΨһҪĵľǱЩӵⱾ˷֡
Ǽż൱á
Ҳһ졣
ʮǰҰ˵꾩գֵֵҪǰϲʱȥͷ֡ʳСԡżһҹ֮ʱȲسŽֵȥ
Ҳһ죬ĺ˿ʼˣ˸ס
ֵжȺŵɢ˷һʳͬ飬ŵļ쳹
żҲֻȴɼܡ
Գŵĵֹⳡҡ
ǲץסĶסż
żʱˡ
ΪʲôԼúһֻֻմ֣ȺȴҪŪ
޹
໹ȻĺøС
˵ˣղŸȺܵʱ˳һˤڵϵС
ôãҲҪѵһ
żãʱ̣˽ʮĵʿȻɫϵϢͣϲżڵʿʿʦֵܽ
žͲ̫ϵϢָɸɾԲ˵Ĺ
ʦǽֻͽҸ𡣡
ʦǲѲɻ𣿡
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ȳԶ֮󣬵ʿͷעƯڰյҰںȻûǷǿӲº͵ҽܣŵ
żֻεͷС˼Ҳ֪ҽʲô
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Ŀ³ɼѾָתһȦżæŵʣôûܰ
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սҴҴʱϽϵ˾ߵͽĹϵ㲻˵һҵ˾ǽ³ɼõʱıе֡
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ȥ˪ں˪ҽ³ɼðԼĳⷿڡ
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޺ͽֱڷӵǽԼŰϣע⵽³ɼõɨǰ߳ͷҰз
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³ɼõ⼸仰޵˶Լֱһͷˮȫڷԣȴ෴
˵ɫȻ䣬ѩԭٶһ˪ɤʵĸ𣿡
³ɼãҲ֪ʲô֣Ҽǵĳ࣬ٲʣһۣߴԼиһװ˳ͷ
𣿡
ܻ׷ʲôڷ³ɼõĶԻڳΨ˪˿ѯʣֻ̧
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ָ۵ϣ³ɼõƳȥʱͷ
˪ͷǸ𡣡
ͫɫɺתΪ죬ûԥ˪Ķ
˪۾ú꣺룬һжΪĹָ񶼡
˪ɫһ䡣

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ۣǰӰѩԭﻨĲݵء
м֮ͬ
񶼵Ǹͨľݣ뺫ڣڻɽߴѡ˵شΪλøߣǳĹ۲ݣʱϲںƨɺͷѡںԡ
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û֮󣬸Һ죬һ۱Ƽ˷СľľԭһΪȥԽԽ٣һҲȫȻ㡣ٻĵġ
˵ֲȾ˼ֱԹǲ֪ǰҪһľͷ֦ңܵù졣
Ҳ̲סʧЦ٩аΪе̬𣿡
ȴֻƳһۣ⣺ʲô̬ͦõ𣿻ϲҰװģԼװȥҿûȤ
ǡŽ⻰üЦɱ˵ƽȷʵҲװ
Цľڴͷǿˡ
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ջطӵ˼ת뿪Ƶؼǰߡһ룬µĲ΢΢һ٣߻ǰ
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봹ΣͯŽëʱڿ˿ڣ 
ͯĿֱС䵭Ľģı顣ѯʣ˻Ӧ
˫٣ͯ򴽣׼ȷϳݣ١
Ӧһ̧ߵߣѧģ¡
һһСӰڸ߸ߵɽͷչԽ̲һӰӡżܴգʵ˭֣
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ȻãӦյ״̬
Լģҷ˺ڵ鼮֡˺ܶ飬мдš١
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ƫͷԵĶе˾˲ޣʶ˲ޱ𳯕Ҫò١
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ǵĻȾ⣺Ӧ߱ĽȴҲ㣬ŸҲ²񶼡
죬ֺܿ콫Դ ŤȥСûʲô飬ɤȴеܸͣоңӦòԸȡɱҡɱҵģԲԣ

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硣Ǹողȷģ̇ۿ̫żˣ𡣡
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72 
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ǸСأװ졣Сһһ˫ˮ۾Լ, ȴ˵šɱҵġģ , Ĵ˺ǳĻȣ, Ҳڰѹ˦ڳϡ
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·ܲµʲô, ̧ͷ΢ҵĺɫ̷, 漴̬ļ򣬵ĳЩȻѾƻܾˡ
ǰż˵Ƕǽǧǰˡ
ȷ, ż֮ǰʯһѾ˳˸𣬳Ϊ˸𱳺һ
ǣһһ䣬ˡ
ʵ뻹ܼĳһʱԼĶԻʱԡºɽѾ䣬λֻʣͺ졣ǹ貵ҹ, һվڻɽɽǳ, ָƶǳС
뿿ϣû˵, ֻÿǳںָ, ֱҹĻ, ̧֮ĿǳĻжҪ̾һӣͬǿ, ҲĽ
ǳƿġ
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ǿҲ
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ֻʱ̫θѹ뵽Ҳôǿҵ
Ļͣ˽Ų˴βմȾ˼ЦЦĵ٩̫Լ˵ʲô¶Է˼ϳ٩Ҳ𣿡
سĬһ¡
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⡣
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졣
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˳żȶĹ켣Ĳңȴҡ
һ˹ʲôѾȷеĴ𰸡
Щ޹ͬȷе֤
˼еоָ⴫ȣʶ˵޳׵ָԼָռз϶ͳɤڶ
ҽϵͽ
͵ֻҰĲϣΪĵУȥػ֡

صķӣվſʱڴĸп֡
æ뿪ƽǰԺޡһȻֵģҲ֪ԼʲôˮƽҪȥ˶ҲֻǴ֣ʱ˵Ϻȡ
ߣǸΪսǿսǡ
˵Լ޺ͽܿ㽫עŵ³ɼõϡ³ɼúͷǼ򵥵ĶԻ·𶼲ڶܣڷˣֻ³ɼһ˻޺ͽһۣһһ³ɼõĴߣ۾΢УͲðѵء
³ɼã
һԺҲ뿪ˡ
ԼϲŵѾ֪˷ǻҲ̫⣬ν߽޸顣
۾΢УͲðѵء
ԣʱ˿̣վĵĸпҿȥJJѧһС˵ҶˣͽСҵ߶ǴС
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ۺ֮ս񣬻޸ɽۡ
һýζҲ֣ͨͨĴսôҲŵϺˡ
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ӦȻֳƺиˣĿϽŲŪСƶ˪ʣ˪һܵĻ˭Ӯ
˪գ۾ܵϵСƶ˼һҡҡͷǰûܣҾӦٴ˸ʤһ
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ó˪ص˲࣬ҲĶԲзۡ
⣬ǾԲվǱߵġ
ţͼ˪ָŵķһָٴ˺ͷ˺ˡ
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һ˽ŵϵ¶ȶҪǻżǣ·ҪˡۣͻȻŵ˻ζϽԴŻͷֽسкãʡĸҽڡǸҴСĹ³ģ֪ɲԸҪǩ 
룺
Ҫǩν
ǰǾСĹ³Բض˵
õǩԺƤҪ˺գɵЦ뿪˽ļҡעһԺȥ﷭˰죬ҳһֽǰ
룺
е㲻˼ҪҲǩһ㣿˵߼ۣʱҸֳɡ
һˣ
а
ɫ̫ͷ˪Сƶ͵ʱסľƵص˱
ٹһСʱѾ콫״̬
뻻˸ɾ·Уܿ˷ϵĵϢڷĻת˸˵ţ۾ȴûбϡƤգѻ𳤽޲ԾɨദļСҧʴǵ⡣
ֿĺף˯ţ
ǳǳӦһﻹеҡ
˵һֱԵĸ֣Ӧûʲô¡
˵ףʵĵײ
뷨ĬһһĸͷĽ벻
˵ףȨڸǶҲ⣬Ͼıô꣬ҪǱͽˣδҲ̫ˡ
֪ڰοԼĪеЦ
ĵڷؿڣ¶˴һЦۣ֪ܲǰҲôο޵ġ
ǲһ
룺ţʲôһ
ǶǰԺ󱲵İοǶѵİοԶ
룺
еЦЦӴʱȻҲ˲١ķļ˯ˡ


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Ľذڸۡϡ
һֻϲܵĴĸ̧ۡʱܿ趯ˡȻ¶ǣĽȴ˸Ƿֳźһ֣ʾԷ뿪ˡ
״Щй
˵ԱôĽӦôƯһ㷴ӦûС
ԼβЩشĽǵĸۡ뿪ǴӺߵģС֡طҵڤеһƴżֻںת
СҲؽۡ޽ڴĸۡϡ
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ٺܶ鷳һ㲻¡
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ֻβ͵ĺ꿴ھβصۡĿһתԼµʲô˫ۿϣβơػζţ˵ˣӦ˵Ŀûõġ
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βһⲻ˵Ӧǰ׷սأ٣ĵģԱ𶼲һ
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Ľûٶ˶ˣô¶˼ǵã
Ľ֣²ӷɿ죬Ѹپ뿪
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¹綼õõˣ
ⲻùܵ
ĽǵҪôϵˣϵеĸۡ
겻һĽǵĿ㱻һԵСľݸסˡ۾ĵԸһĴֻǲС̵ֲģôȴĪ˸Сӣ
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ĽɻʱͬҴҸϵĴվ˳СľתȦڵľʲôÿģ
ĽջĿ⣬ⲻǺ𣿡
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ĽǾ͸լƵģԸڸۡС
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̬ȣֲֻ⣬ڿΪࡣ
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ͻȻԼӺͿģֹϿ룬Ҳʼ򣬲̫ⷬ˼ڶעϣЩǵĻҲڱࡣ
Ʃ˵ĿɶԼֱֶ׵ظߴǣԷôҲ˼һ𲽱ƿء
⻰ʵЩͷ֮ʲôʱֳһôû֪
ĽһǸʲô˵ʲôԸɻðʱĵͷͬ
ˣǱԪλͰɡ
˻ֻ֣ԪӴŴλĴ࣬͸¶˼û̫𣬵ΪĽһ˽Σѡ񿪿ڽݣλ˼ŵλصĻǷɿһĺ顣
˶٣ԪּЩλ֪ڹҲ˲£λʹ뽫ۺ֮ȡ֮˵ȥҲ
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λһۣ۵׶Ⱦ˳صĸ뵣֮ɫ
˵ǶĻлɵĻôԪĳ־ͳǷġ
¹磬ȥһ²ֻ֮Ҳؽ׳һԪĳڴϣܺ졣
ԭȿڵ٩ĽǵĴվԪҲ˵飬ȺϼһȻóֱ˵ɣҪ
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˶٣ֵֽҲиãλܲþͲҪãʵ޿κҲصģŵͽǰæƵġ
ֽһŷŵǵУһЦʣ㣿ûжģȺҲõϡ
ֻҲͷȷʵ
ԪԻͷܿǶõ˸ķֽ
еķֽŽصߣ̧
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ĽǺͷͬ뿪иۡһξĽǱͣ˽Ųһֽƫͷ룬ʵûое֣
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룬ŬԼӡеԪЩɵ㱰΢ɣԪԸ񣬸οڻˡ
һǾе֣ǻͷȥ
ȷܾĽǱŷϢػصеĸۡ
˿̵ĸ֮ۡУûӰֻڳԪ⵱Ĵǲһѻ˵ֱ׳ֻ֪ȥҲ֪θ롣
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ʲô˼
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ء
ۡٿȻһĨǿϢ֣ĽǺͷǱ˺ݺһţ͵شӽˤ˳
ĽؿŻһѪѸپ۽ͻأˡ
źɫޱشһ̤߱仮վһԪУ˼һĻȻʶʲôɫ΢΢һͷˡ
Ľ죺٣ǹȻ⣡
¶΢ЦӦ治ǺĺѣԵǱһǿϺܶࡣϧˡ
ϰֹ߲һŻɫֽֽǲôá
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73 
ҹ, 뻹δӰ°ࡣ
ܾûڰɳֵķٴɽλãǵøԱ̲סֶ࿴˼ۡ
ԼͷԶѹСؽԼʱİԸǰϰ, ϰ岻ûмԱ;ͷϰ, ˵֮ǰûϰΪˣȥˡ
һһ㶵ġ
±Ƶı, ܲӵ͵ЦŶУС, ˵, ȻѾͷϰ֣Ҫˡϰϵʽûõ֣һ, Ҹȥϴּʱ˴绰²ء
²۵ݵҲʲôĻֻܻ˵š鵽ͷȫԲҲǣôãôܸ֡Ѹ㶺ˡ
ȻûϴּЦ, ȴǱСˡ
СȻʶ, ڵԱദöͦõģСҲ⡣Сεı, ǰСļ, Ϊп㿴Ҳͦõ, ĺãһǾԲֵġ
СԵҲȤ, 棺ôã
㣺˵ϰǰʱױ, סһء
С
ȷʵ
ԡ˼ק, 㽫ѾõľƳȥݸˣʣ״ʲôʱ飿
Ҳ֪ö˶˵ĻôƵˡ
˼⣬ڽϡһ̷̧ܿӣ걡΢΢һĿ⣬ڣ硣
˵飬ôҲõȵ׽𣬲оȨ
ʱһһ߹ɫԽԽɵĿҲ𽥼١±㿿ڷɳϸ˵Ļǡʱڶֻ𶯣ֻóһϢ
İĺ룬Ҳûбע
ͷһ仰ĽڿʡѧҽԺͷһ¡
ֻ޳ָһ¡
ʮӺͷһ̤˿ʡѧҽԺ˵ڰסԺ¥Χżлʿ߲˼̷й߾ʱȴȫȻûע⵽ˡ
ɫе졣
Ϊ·˳һ䣺Ľ˭
˼䣬˵ԭӦǰͺϵ
ĳμ𽥸ա
˪æ³ɼʱ˵˲ٻ˪ͷʱ䶼ôõһʱ主컹ͷһء˪ǱһԼ̸һµ𾪣ȻȻȻǰ˭˭˭׷󣬲ֹûͬ⣬ȭͷ˵ķ¡
Դ͹Էеر
˾ֵֺƩôһעȴ˸׵˵֮ϡ
˪ûж룬ֱԲ䣺ֻԭӦ

˭뵽˱
ϲɫĵȴ뿴Լе׳ʲô
˿ִﲡʱһʿСؽ̸վԭ˻ֻʿǵĻɾĽǵϡ
116еĺÿϧô˧һȻˣȻǳ࣬ȫԺʹ
Ҳ˵ϧձ͹ʱҶΪҪˣû뵽ȻˡûһֱѪ
ʵѾܺˣȫغպҽҽԺᣬôҽվǶپȲ͹ˡ
˵Ҳǡ
СĽȿڵСʿ򿪽յĲ￴һۣ˻ڴϡ
ˣ߰ɡ
Ӱܿ뿪ȡ֮ͷɫؽ˲֮У߱ĻҪ죬˲ĽǵϡĽʱȻ˻ʿĶԻʲô˼
ĽǵϺܶۼԵ˺ۡ
Եǰɫɴ۾λһֱ°ͣסˡ
ûɴµ˿ڣҲõжء
ʣȷĽǣ
ϾĽǴ˿̵Ĵ磬Ϥ˸ϲ
ѯʣԭڹ۲첡ع񣬵ͷ
ߵĽǵߣǰϤ
ĽǵһڼǰĽǴϢصҵ񶼣˫ۣü΢ŵȴһЩ̫ĳΪôǿ һء
ûܵõĻظĽҲ⣬ֻĹѡûУ£˵ܸ֮ģô
ʱѾЩƣҲżȻ޵͸ȴֻЦЦˡ
ĽƲ죺ǲʶġ
˵ţݵתȦȻг𣬵ҿ϶صģ㲻õġ
ûٻشĽǣĽҲȤڵҹ뿪񶼡
Դ֮ûټ
ʱδгһٴμĽǣҲδǵ㡣
Խ˼»صǰ뿴Ϣ΢ˣԷĽҲһĴˣҲܴùģ⸱ģȥ˺ܴĿ
һص㣺Ҵù𣿡
ҲԼµ⻰֮ԣĵеЦҲûйֻʵʵ˵ҾӦÿԡ
㡣
ϰ˵ĺôĽҲþľ˼֡
ϣԳΪ˼ķʡص̸֮˳ĽǸҽԺ
Ȼص绰˪
˪Ϊ¸ǰС¹ȻҲĽǣֻûôǱĽǡӦڳ˸˳⣬滹ͦ߰ġҪʲôˣ˰æҽΣԸ໨ʱ
ѺԴ˶ʮֱĽǲץԴ
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˪ֽ̧ҵĽϵɴ᳹צۣβλ£һֱǣŹ˵ġ
Ǳ֮ץģĽǸܻͬҰܡ˪
ͬࣿü
˪ָ֡
Ŷһ漴ֵܰӵ˭
˪ȴҡҡͷ¹ױ㲻ס磬ҲǺ˽⡣Ҳ޽⣬ϾĽǵʲô֮ظ
ĽʱѾ
Ժ۾ҫ۵չӳĴ۾աӦͫڼһͻأ֣Ľע⵽ΧžְȫĻʧ
ĽǵͷԼ֡
ֱ۶ܺö˶˵̧ȫʱģ
˳ɫؿʼΧĻ
Ǹܿķ䣬װͨİɫҲûʲôҾߣĽĸۡԶ
ĽǾãܱĸۡȫ١
ţȻһǽĽŲŲͣ⣬ĽǵüĻ͸¶˼־˫Ӧͫٴθָ֣߬űӣڴʱ˲ڶԷϡ
ȻʱȴͻȻסˡ
겻ݣȫԼڶֶڿഫĿսüͬҹĻʱֻܸܵžİȡ
ĽǾԼǿˡ
аԼĿ⽫һһɨϰݵػעΡ
ԼĪʮӺĽǲ૵٣
ӦֳˣһˣȻô㣿
룺
̧ȥվڴߣ鵭شע˫ۣ˿ڣûյһϢ˵㱻͵˿ʡһҽԺҾͰˡϵ˪εġ
˵˪˪
Ľþòڸоôﲻ𣿡˪һ΢ЦѯĽǡ
Ľǣ
ȵȡ
еûµ״
͵ҽԺֱ˪Ƶ⡣
죬ʲôҲû˵ڣĿһֱϣеľ㵲̽¶رԡµʲôǱ˿ڣûû
˶٣䣺׼ȷ˵˼ֺȻˡ
ĽǼѵɤӣ٣
룺ٰ
Ľǣһǲ̫š
룬ʵҪҿһΪ׷Աұϸϸ𣿡
ĽǾְ֣ˣˡ
ⱲӶ̫Ƕ¡
ʵǶˡ
ȻеǼɻ䣬ڴ˵ؼ룬ȴĽζ벻顣ǧǰ٣ͷǿԻȻиýҪըͻȻ˷йڡ
ûʶԼλսĻԺͻȻ壬ֽһݸĽŵţ΢ͣǲӦøҽ㵽ô£
Ľ졣
رܵļĻ𽥸ա
ĽǳĬڴϣԺȻˡ
ǸͷˣԭΪԼͷôܴùкԪļ룬οʼ츲صı仯վܵѪҺĲ
ͷ¸һΪİǱ飬ҵɥ֮ȮֻſڵϹӲд
ĽԭΪԼҪôеĸۡʱȴ˼
űķ뽫ǿȳѪָøɾ۾ǰˡͷ䵭ıŲϵƤмΥ͸УԪĬЦЦر˫𴽣۵׵ĳҪ
ЦȻĽ˵ιĽǡ
ʱ˿̵ĽԵѣÿһδе塣ͷʺѪƲסشıǻ۾ кͶεδĽԼо˼ַꡣ
̧Ĩһѣָ䵽ǵ˿ڣ۵һ£ֲЩŭ
ŭǶԼġ
ºͷӿѪζӦ·룬ȴ֮ǰҶԲס㣬ҪҰҲôҡ
һ٣˳
ˣҽɲΪ˱ԹմҹڲԶϣͳһ˵øл㣬֪ߵ˶ʲôɫ
촽ֵ㻹ǵǷ˰ɡ
Ľǣһûͷֵز
룺ֻ㣬ҼǷˣҶֻһ㲻һӦ˾ˣû±ˡ
ĽǶνʵû̫⡣
֤˺ܶ˵ǰţ翴ˡ
˵סƾʲôǼûʲôõӦš
ԷĻֻǺЦһν
ֵͬʱҫ۵Ļӷ˳Ľֻһ˲񱻻⳹װסˣֵǣָڴʱȴȫûбա˵ĺۼȫ߸֪
ͬΪĽҲûкͷܣÿηԼķ˻ԶԶġ
Ϊһηķ˻յЬӣ·ͷȫˡ
ΪģĽȥԼʱ̡
һΡ
Ľ𾪣ͳɤӻ𣺡Ұ͵֮⣬ʱ㡣
֮ʱӰĽǴ˳ȥ
ʶҪ˷ĽǵǰȻǶĽǺ˺ķ˻жȴҪġǻűϣ˲ʹܵϸߣе˻Ű׻ŭ쳹
Ȼ˸
ֻüš
ʱĻ
۽ǵɨڶʱ䱻Ƶһɶһ΢ζͷŭ𲻱ȷ˻٣ѹԼԸԪԼȥ
֮⡣
˻ڻ̫ɽѩ
Ľܸо֧Ų˶ãڶԷĴߴҧϵľ۷˳ȥ
ԪҲ׷ŹĽǣĽ֪Ԫ죬ųȥĻ
¿ʼɢƬǿϢϢڴĽǵͬʱϵķ˻ͻȻһֿµٶȺ͸߶ȽƬ
˲ĽǺԪӰ
ȵ˻Ϩ𣬷Ӱɢ֮䣬ĽҲӰ
Ľǲ֪ôˣæ뿪̫ɽݣ˺ܾúܾãһͷԽ̻ʱ񿴵˸ܾŵСŮ
ԣû´ĻӦСŮ͵ҽԺġ
ڸԼ͵ҽԺԭʱĽҲûдǰԪ֣ıú֡ͽһֱ֪ġ
δͽȻܲĴ
˵ȥЦ˵Ĵ
ȷʵоѡϣˡſϣֵϢĽһ
Ľǵɴ۾࿡ٱˣһ𻡶ȣ˸кãŴҽз
Ŵ
Ľʲôʱôˣ
Ľһ±Ƶʱ򣬾ЦЦٶȿڣٵѡ
˵ٶ롣
ΪĽǵ˶ԣƺŸӵϤ
Ȼ˲νġŴǺ˼Ľǣ
ˡ
еǹ˵İɣ
ٵ۹⣿Ҳô
ĽǣҲúÿ˵㣬΢˵㣬ֵҲ
ĽĵһŤͷ
״Ҳ˿ûֻߵԡȻĽǵʵԳŵҪ𣿡
ǵһ¡
ڵԣҪƺԪеĶԻ
Ľǣ˵ĸ
šĽǵͷָǽϵӱǶϣǻһҽԺ
ҲΪʲôһѾŲæΪԪµʱ䣬÷һжѾˡ
˼ҲûٺĽǶ˵ֻǶԶԷúϢ˪չģָܾ;ָ
ĽúϢ ֻеж˭֪һĿоͱĳĻе㲻죺զģռ̫Դˣ
ͷ
ֻǾãΪȻ⡣
ȵ뿪䣬ĽŤͷ˪ʲô˼
˪˼壬Ϊٴ˵Ĵ֡
Ľǣ

ͷڿɳϣǰ˼ջǾ֪ͨޡ
޴Žܿ˱
ټı¶𾪵ı飬ȻյߺôλھöǮ
һûһ˵˵۸ԺϢģֱⱲӿܶ
ЦЦ㲻ĺܶǩû𣿡
ɱˣҸմӶͳǩǰ칫Ⱥһȫˡ

޽ϻ˵ǽӵ֪ͨȥˡ
Ȼ֣ٿȻһۣ߳ɤڣȥˣ
šȻ̫ıôһӲԾ޻ǵ˵ͷԭҲû˵˵˵顣ҺͽҲȥģǰ칫ҵ
칫ҵΡ
͹Ƥǰʱ·˽İ칫ң˺ͽվһŮˡ
ô˵ģ
𣿾˵ǵڹʡó¶˶Ҳˡ
봹ֻȥǣ𣿡
һŤͷޣɵСһ䣺ôһ˵ô 
ȻѾµʲô
˳ǻزˡ
һȥ縰ĲߣȻֹЩ֡
Ƕܶ
˼ڽĽǿе֪뽭ûͻȻüѿɫͷȥһ£ûǻЩ
ʺ˼Ǿ֮Уֻ˶á
뽫߷ϣ˭
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һֱ, ޺ͽ»ص
Ľǵ徭˪ľƻָúܺãǵɼǵצҲѾû˺ۼƿʱⱲе֮ȥ佱˪, ֱ˪иµӰӡ
˪Ц, ˪͸´Ტۡ
Ůתɫ͸¶żƣޡ, ̧һӣָľƣ, ȴȫ޷ĵή
ˣ
Ӷ¥, ָָһԿʵɳʲô˵ɡ
޳ָһA4ֽͲһֽҲ޼һ, ޾۾еɬһ˿ڣ
ܲ˻࣬Ҹ֮⣬ˮһͬȥϼң˵ȥԺʶȼˡ
طĻ, ʡλҲڡ
ʡ˼פصԱ
ʣµܼʮ
̶仰˵ø, ˵ޱ˳Ĭ֮С
࣬Ҳûжÿ, һ˵һ䣺ȥһ̫ɽ, ̫ɽĽ紦һ, ûߡ
оǼµļž
ǵһʱ紦̲, вС֡һ, Ŀǿήľ, Сˣ۷䶼ûƼĿĻý඼ݺ¡
ټı仯̾ڽĵ˸ûг׽Ҳܲµ˿̵ʲô
תߣµĲȴ۽ǵɨĳһͣ¡
ĿһЩƵķֽһǣֽϵķĻؿŷֽһӣ
ֽؼʣĽǲɵ쳤˲ӣ˼˵Ԫȥ񶼵ʱҲһֽ˵Ƿֽǿڶʱġͬһóҿ
ȻȽֽŵĽǵģĽǶŷֽ죬ӭż˵ߣڨڨһЦʵڲ˼ϲоöһֺﲻһ
ֽϵķĻ߰ŤģĽǿȥһߣֺûࡣ
޷ȷ
ҪƽʱĽֻҲøһһѾ²䣬ȴֻü˼˻̶ѯʣҪ
֣Ľǣ
Ŀ֣㻹δʶԡֱ˵һС
ϵЦݽʧҲͣȻһ䣺ڸҿЦ𣿡
ǡʱĽǴӿͷ߳˵ĶԻ˸ô㿪ЦˣԳҲԼܵġ
ɫúѿĽǵ۾ҧһһֵҲţʦԲˣԶ˵յͷӵţͷԼ˵ģ޽
еңӣÿԽͰλĸʯҵߣ³ɼһݵͷɱ˵Ĺ֡
˫еѵ䣬ĽǵıҲҲ˵ģһҳ֤ݱǲҼͷӡ
ĽǱķЦ컹ţȻת뿪ˡ
ע⵽ԷıӰѸʧſڣĽŤͷ͸״㿴
ƳһۣⷴӦ
ǰһͬǰʱĿ̸Уտûκ
Ҳܴйճһġ
ջذļ䣬뿴۱ЩЩεĽǣĽͷ
ܿȥϵˡ
úܿ죬ٴμĽǣûϵԺͺǱ鶼Ե쳣ƽ
濴Żֽɰ·ͺۼüԽԽҲ𽥱ò̫ԾĽǿۣ°Ԫ˵ǣܿõķ
ԡ
Ľǣ
Żֽֽ˽׵ָؽڻֽӳԵøԣõƣĸӣֽòԪ˵ڶʱǵ
˵ѡ
Ľǵ˺Ŀ£㻺ʬŷֽͿЯ˲ɸʬ˵ҾãŷֽӦǵġ
Щżϵļء
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׵ʱʱͷ˵Ȼ겻˥ҲÿһֱΰġΪϴʱǸϲо֮ϵ
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λҲԼ츳ץЩֱëȻӵԶ
ʱͽǾԼôʵ˾Ľ
ֱŵͽһ٣˲˲ԾͽǲŷԼķ֮ȷʵϧоĶʲôֽ
ķֽи汾Ǻ֪ܶת֮
˵ǽһ˵ת޵һϡ
ŷֽת֮ţҲڰ
ԡһĵǸ²ص˵˳Ǳټô֣Ҫǵ˵תƵϣ
пܡ 㶢ŷֽɳƵػش

ڴ֮ǰʵͷһͬȥһ񶼡
֪ԪµʱѾȥʮСʱ뻹ȥˡɵ֮ĻɽΧĿֻѩ䡣ͷؿ飬ܳȷϡ
֮ڸ̤񶼡
ԡ
ҪôĽ˵ѣҪôԪǸı뷨ˡ
úߵĿҪϺܶ࣬ԷֽĽͣףͷβνĽɱһƭ˵ĻӡԪֻҪȺЯֽԱƻʵʩ
ʱĽǵ͵͵һ䣺٣Һ÷Ƿ˻Щ߰ĶˣҾ뿪Ҳֻǵѣⱳ֮Ǹ
Ȼ뵽ֽʦĽǸϽ˻ȥ
磬ĽǶţڣȴԴһԡ
ļʾԼ˵Ҵȥһʱλעⰲȫ
˶ֵǵø֪ЩҴ֡
ͷ
ܿ뿪˱޺ͽҲԻȥһ·Щ겻ģ˪ͶԷؼҡټı˲ֻʣ·ĽˣĽ̲סĿŵɳģɢϣʣȥ㲻ȥ𣿡
ü͸¶ЦЦҪǸһȥˣһô죿Է𣿡
Ľǣ
ּƵ̬ĽǾȭͷе
ֻԪͷǰֵһᡣ
Ľһ򲻴ùҲ֪ҿ϶ܰ໿ޡ
ȴֻǳ˳漴ɳվȳֻ򵥵ĺ˿ͳ㣬Ҳܽǹɢӵ¡ųת֮ʶĽǵȥظ¶ҪĵĻҸ㡣
Ľǣ
Сʱҡڵسڱڣټıתתȥ۶ŨŨľ̾̾ܿһ룬ֲôʮƽķأԭıôôô
ȻһתĽϡ뵽뿪ǰ˵иɳʱʹãƮգӸµظ˵ܰѷ໿ްҲţҪȸҴһԿӮңҲǿ㡣
Ľǣ
˪ƣ΢ЦԴŶĽǻǲٴ֪ġ
ôһֻԶϢġըëСè䱻rua˳ëࡣ
һûٶҲĽǣǴЯĺɫͳһ֧ʺͱӣһüצűʣһ߿ֻ
⻭е죬ܿĽǵĺġ
ûסչȥֽͿͿɷʣڸʲô
񣺡˵Ԫͽ϶˶ˣǰ׼ݽ壬ΪպΪ׼
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һɫ˵ҾҳɹλļôҲиٷ֮߰ʮ
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վţú忿ɳαϣŮϵĺȹ磬촽˭˶Ǹˡ
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Ͼֲ˿ɳϵȷʵס
ЦЦΪʲôˣȻԪȴϢϢҲ֪Ը񣬻ͷģ
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Ȼĸ֣޵Ŀ˲̧
ƣ治սٵͷŷ˿һٵֱ߶߶кܶ໰м䶼ǿ佱źٵ䡣ԪгһҲܳΪսԸ𣿡
ڴ˿ʶԾġ
ԭ²ķ밲˲һ˫۾ͬʱȻԪ⻰ʲô˼
Ԫ࣬
֪ģԸǾԲܸͬ۵ģۣ̇۾ֱ޵۾˵ˡʱͻأЦһ£ȻһһֻǼ˵˿ڣˡ
Ϊڴ֮ǰûаŸĳ֣Ҳûа㷴֮
ͻȻҲֱӣûôڷ֮гɢδ°ֺۼ
ƾڸֶΣȴֻ̾һģûõˣ˺ãʡõʱ鷳
˵仰ԺƵϻ
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ĸ࣬һ𣬾ͳûӰ
ô֪꣬༫ѾˣǱ΢زһԼҵϣ
ƵһȴЩļֳױ顣
˵ͫ·ȾѪľɤӣѪΪʲô
˫޵עżֱҲ֪õ˭㲻ǶλҪԪƼ࣬಻ͬ⣬λ֮Ҳ಻񡣡
ʵʱ໹һ·ѡ
Ǿǹ˳
һֻսΪĻôԼԼ
ʱЩ˵߹һУ֮ȵ
Щǻ֮ǰ񡣶ԱٿԼԼǸЦ˳ָ̣ǹɵŶζ
ձķйʽͬãŶƾԸУꡣ
ž֮У촽йǿѡ̹ף˵ܾԳǣˡ
һ١
ƵҲ˵֡и÷֣˸رãȻڼǰƱĴ÷ԳΪ˾
Ƕʱƺͷ죬챧Գǵʬ׶ڶѨ֮УŸĹżѰҸԳǵİ취
޵֪µʱ۹ҲͬƣڿǸЦ
ҪԳǣԳ˸߹ĸ硣
Ǳ㹴˴ʣԳأ㺦Ҹ磬Ӧû˲˰ɣô˵Գǵ𣿡
⻰ϡ
ûС
ȻûС
ΪΪΪȴΪʲôҪ
ֱųףΪ˾ԼҪôôܾȵûԳǡ
ƫƫˡ
ŶԸԳǵִһһ׹Ԩ
޾ӸµĿüĿ̵ĵײκζλεͬ;⣬˵ͬʮµĺ磺ұɻΪʲôҪҺͽ𣿵꺦Ҹ磬ھһƣҪб£Ͳҡ
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ƳĬ˲δӦ̧ͣͷĿֱӶԷ˫ԭ۾ʺһ㡪
ȥ˶԰ɣֻҪɹˣһλҲ䡣
Ȼ̺ܼȷʵλŲ㣬֪սҲ򲻹ǡ
β̧뿪ɢڷ
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75 
ִ̫ɽݵĽ紦, ĿĻ罭˵Ŀǻߣľή, Сֵʬ¡, ڲȥ
겻Ժйļȴûɢ
һ·ǰĽĸۡ
ֵС˿һƬž, Сǰʬ塣һֻѾӲɱβ
֨ѽһĽǸۡűƿ, Ľϲ, ڷ˲ǧǰıžķӹһ˿İϢƫͷȥ˿ڣȻ, ûҪزصġ
ǹİϢ뻰Ũգ֮˱Ѿվǰ
ŶԷ٣ȷ϶Էݡ
ͽԪ
Ҳǳμ档Ԫ·±ϸɲ˵̬ɴºͣϵϢȴŰצ
˵ͦź, ֳҶ, ȴûܸ棬, ˵㷢սͬһˡ
ȴûĵ٩, ֻǴϸ֪˺ܶҵϢԡôֶΪ
ȻǡԪЦЦ, ߵԣ׼ȷ˵, Ϊ˸˵Ĵƶ, ǵҡ
빴˹
۵ȴû˿Ц⡣
е˼
ЩѾټƤôˡ
ǿ˵ǵҡ
, Ҳӵңﺬʮµķѩһ˲䣬Ũ׵˷ʼ£۳һսĳꪡ
һ̱
յĴ˲ӰɢڳмУٴγȻԪ󡣳ꪵźߵĺ룬ȴֻ۵һñͱԴƽ޹ʧ
˫ۡ
ŷֽͦõģԪʵ֮ǰֱ˺ü
Ĵ֮飬Ҳǿֵز
֮ʱûд˷֮ĿȴֻһгһӣìڿйââײУͬөײϷȴϵԹÿһ絶У׽Էڻ
ۼһĻѾԪǱ
սٵ˼ǧ꣬˭ǿ˵ĻԻ¼ɵˣȴԼǰսе֪Ҳ׺һڡ
ԪȻףΪʲôλҲὫٵǿĵˣˡ
Ϊźݣʵ
ֻǣעҪ
Ԫ˳ֻ̧֮һ
һȻأһİӰ֡
鱩Īͬҵ˳ȥĿվڲԶꡣ
أ
׹ɫŨȻײ̻ͬڰţµ鱻ܳȥڿήľϣǿþȻڴ׳֮ҳ˶Ķ
촽ֿζЦݡ
գۼ䣬OO@@룬һӰǰ
̧ȥȴڼӰĿʱȻס
һֻֻֻ̣ЩЩȫͬǵͫǻҰɫģݼ񻹲Ÿ⣬֫üĿ͸׺ݡһֻʨʶűǼᣬȻ˹ȥ̧޳ָĺšʱȴЦһȰô
⹴촽¶ݣЦݱɭɭͬʱм˼ֿƵĳֻʣЩ̣һֻһֻ
ɵһ˲䣬ֻһʨѾݿסĳָݺһҧ
ָѡ
ȴûа˿Ӧһֻſʨ̵ĺ󾱽ӵ󣬴֮䣬ָָԭȵģ
Цص̣ܺô
˵սٳµܶѳɽҲͬǿη㡣ΪΪһжΪĿĳġ
ڣԣ̣ķչѹϵһɽ

ȻǻҰɫֻͫһˣᵽʳͣ뱼ȥ
Ŵ
Դֻšꪲ棬ԳΪĵһ׵Ĺ⣬ڴ׹Ժײ˺ϣصһ±ɡ
ҲǴʱԪͪݲٳɣ볯ȥ
ûɵݺݴ׹⣬֮ʱݵҲײɳȥѸһȵڵϽٴӭ
վԭأָۣᶯٶȻûһѳУм̽ŵʱ򣬪ݳª¶˸ζЦݡ
΢ƣץһֻ̡
ݱƣб¾ʹ̽
䣬еڵס̵ǰһѸɢԪץסûᣬͬʱ콣걬ۼ̼ɢڽ֮Уżһ룬̧־ͱס̣еĹ
е˼
ϳ¶ЦЦı飺ȵһֻ̣ȵе𣿡
걬ķһתٿȻ׼˲ͣ뿿̡
͵̧֣ꪱĹâֵķΧɢе̶СȻЩʧȥʶȴȫ֪˭ԼǵʶԪٿţԶҧ롣
ɢâȥ¹滮Χевٳ⡣
һ˺ۡ
һֱѪ죬Ѫζ紵ɢƬռ䶼ȾӶζҲζȴؼ˪Ϊ޵׺ݳ̶ȡ
ݺԪһۣʶ̻˷ܼˡ
ء
һδεײĦҫ۵İâɢ
źƺģǵεδڵѪ

޴˸ϵʱıµĻ档
봹վģ޳ʳָõߵѪ˿ڵδδðѪµƬѾʪ֪ⳡɱжҡ
Ȼվñͦһֻδ١Ҳһֻδ˵̡
ٴˡ
ϤĺഫƤɨæļˡ
޵ҴǣԼһŵĵӣȵȡ
ϣֶˡ۾ϧ
֮ʣһӰǰ
ĺ׹أ͵̧ñ˳䣬¶һŲϵ
Ŀ⼸˲㶢ͷ
һһ绮ߵüۡ٣̲סҧס⡣
ٲԸϣҲʦġ
١
ڵһ˲䣬ͬʱ̧ۣͬʱڣ
㲻ʦ
Ǹ𡣡
ϤִĿðϵ΢΢𣬼̶Ѫ˿ܲѪҺӿϣЦһϤȴżİ
治صĺˡ
ָӸĵ٩һһֵʣΪʲô㣿ʦأʦȥĶˣ
üǻش㣬ԹԵ˵
ʮǰֵΪŵһҹı¿̫ҾˡҳǰʱȻû˿ȣ̸Լдһ١
Ҳһ̣ԼԸǿʵֵġ
ɡ
ǳ֮ȷʵǿϺֻܶ࣬һͨˣѾ㵽Ĵڡ
ⲻǺ
ѡĵһα񡣡
˵ô١תЦݳּΥ͵ĸоµҲ޷ѡֹΪµĵһһΪҡ
˵ûƭ㡣𻺻ֻʶһ֮Ҿͻ⽫ԼʶָôѪһһһδϰ롣ΨһͬǣѪãҵʶ档
ǸԿԼɢð취
ٶȽʶѡеϣӪԼĴƭ졣
ô˵ȻʶΪʲôô
ƽⷢչġ
ʶü̳еϣڸЩֶΣʲôҲûõ
ֲǧǰ˵Ҫɢˣǿ
µӦʲô飬ǹĻȸȻٶȿ㣺ʦ꣬ڳŲסˣøˡ
ûǴĻڵ֪Լ޽ǰȥһšҲ֪Ƿûյۿ˵ԲҪͳһټš
Ȼ仰ֿʼѹȥڱһ˫۾ͨ죬ָֽ𣺡죡죡ΪôôɥĲ飡
Щ·ʶķֽҵʱһӱӿڽ¡
ӸµǰĿ棬һôĻҿȥ
䣬һӰٿȻǰӢűϻǼŵĵۣڵװļᶨҲû˿ȴ˼ڴ֮ǰɱǡ
ŵͽֱŸ˼Զ׼
ʦ
ϳζָָļӰ𡪡
Ԫնɽ̳ˡ
ݣԵļ̳ˡ
С
ݵӰ̤ڶǰ
ȥ˰״ӺºͣλҽҲĮ˼֡
ָȵϣ¶ЦݣǷ˪ԺҵҲƷ˼ôãҲ˵ȵ
ԪλʱƳƷһΪʹҽӵи
ǶΪãɱǣ´ࡣ
˳Ÿָȡ
˫۾Ϣضӣŵͷһࡣ
̾ʲô취أֻѡ
ſ˫ۣǼѪζĿֱλʱ˶⣺٣˵ǸôڻûжòǱڤĴƷɱ˰ɣ
ɱˣ
ͻأͻأ𣬷ԿлĲ˿ڵĺۼѪ˿ڴǣһĨ޵ɫ԰׵ļγĶԱȣüۼȾ˼ɫ
ֽĶӵǰ˵Ʒ𣿡
ϵĺɫѪȴȵ侲ôҲɱңǲ̫ˣ
ĿⴥѾٳĶʱɫȻѿ
ֻʶ巽ԺѡģΪܹڶʱʵʣλ۵ʳιֽȥڤΪ̶ŵ˶ϡ
Ȼλۺ֮ûд
бŰޱȣһŲĳ嶯
ջǰסˡ
Ц㲻ðڤɽɢұҲ޿κΣƫƫ͵ǰ
һתϡ
߻иǿ裬ֻҪʣһȾܽȻ
أ
ȸԸȣŷӰͻȻڪǰָ׻ݵⳡľսڳױ
ĹŨͬҹżһŽߵࣺǼֻСֲԪĶ֣ȥæ
˵˵ʲô㣬ӦӦܰԪڹǶ飡
Ϊ֤ԼǿĽǻԭΣӦĵͺ쳹׳βżǿݺݳԪ˹ȥȻýԪɵĻȴδ֣߾Ȼվԭ׾ֽ̧סǽβ
ĽǾ㵵ͫԪ͵ӦӴԶɽͷ
źһɽͷնϡ
Ľǻָδʯˡ
·ʱֽ̧קһŵģֱԵб׼ֵתƵԪͪݵϣǶû˵򲻹Ԫ
١ĽǸ˪ԼϵһǾһϣģ첻
ʮӰԪ
ɱۣ۾ԪԺжӰ
صһޱ˦ɣšϵֱعࡣ˿ѪһѷٴҧԪ
να˦ɡ
ԪѵֱۣӸµʹһ㡣
Ҹ磡ͻȻˮԭΣϵ¿ʼķԲ֮˱׶ӺݺԪԪ˿ûΪУȻ֮ʱż硢ڡĽǺˮȻװΧ
ŵЦݣȴǳģÿ϶ʹ죬ңԱκ͸
ʮ֮⡣
һƳȥԶ˵ϥڵϣһڼѪ˻ȥ
վߣüĺݺ
˵ʵֹ̫ۡ
ڤеĶ趼ʶҲǼġ
ٶϱǶֻǿĪݣⳡսӮҵ˭治˵
ιваѹʡ
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һ
ȴ˼̫࣬һͬӭ˪ݣ޳ָ˲˺˪ݵֱۡ
Զէ졣

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ĳ롣
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Ȼ֮ǰҲὫЩ
ֻһ˲ͣ٣øӰ˲룬̲סЦ٣㿴㣬Ϊ⼸ֻ̣ҪҲ̫ˡ

ԹԵҲǣϾϣˣûǣֻʣôֻ֣δҲ̫ˡҸ㱣ֻ֤Ҫ䣬ҾͷŹô
ʱ㻹Σ
ӸĶ⣬ɶԷļд̽ԼؿڣҲҪŵ̴˪ѹǵת֮ʱһѪ̽˸š
Ȼֳ̧˵ϡ
ؿڶһ˿ڣȴû̫Ѫ
ɱң١ ĺڷ죬ٵϡãʬ޴棬ȴš
ʦʬв룡λ׵׺ݡ
Ҳ粽嵲ס㣬̶̧Ÿû˿ġοҵһߺʵӦûôװɣ
ϵЦ΢΢Ӳ
˵ˡ
ֻҪʶ壬Ϊͻɢü졣
µ˵
Դʼĵ׾ƻļƻɱϧұ綼ҲԷĴڣֻ֮ܽеϡ֪ǷƽǷΨһ٣ΪԷһѡ񸴿̺λ
λǾѡģΪȴ˶꣬ôҲû뵽սپȻţҽԭµļƻһһĻˡ
ҲƩڵ֪ٻԺȥ˶ԷǣܱƻɱôҲ񡣱ϾļƻΪҲγɵĵڶƻ
еСٿˡ
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֮ĳĬҹԪơλĴβֹۣɵڵʱ񶼿ʼ𽥷ɢĴ³ڴڵѪ֫ƺҪȴôҲ
ŶĽЦһβٴ˦˹ȥ
ͬʱץסᣬꪳӰ˸ٴδ̽˸ţʮŷֽҲͬʱֳһ̵ǽڽ˿ģЩ̾ƣȻ׼Ϊʱ̻Ұ׵۾ͻȻֳɫұһĨϢߡ
ž
Ԫڸǰ飬֪ԼԪϵϢɢɫޱͷȣڸʲô
ΪΨһġ񡯣ȾȻԪ
ȳĬػŸ𣬴ǾȻһЦݡЦݵĳ֣ƺֱǸŰ״ӵͨҽʸ𣺡ǵõʱô˵˵ҽҽҵҾȸˡ
ſ˫֣ڣھȸˡ
ǵصϢ˪Ľ֯һ𣬽Ƭսǣ˵ŵӡһЩʧȥʶ̣ڷַڿʼָ
֮ȣȵɫȴ𽥲԰ס
Ѿ׽˿ϵķһٶȣ˺ڸǰ
սƷ
һĸԥط룬ֱ˺ϵķֽȽ
Ҫɱͽ
ΪѪ̾͵ĵϣ侲ؿŸֳԼҲһӣȴ޳Ӱ֮ǰΰĸɽ
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ſָָڼ⵶֮ϣѪʱ⵶˳
Ѫܵ˿ڣĳ֣˹ڣ÷ֳ֮ʤˡ
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ȫѹƵĸŭֺܿȻϵ˿һƿҲһɢԤеֲ顣
νƽûи°أֻҪ¶ͻ˲ɢ
һӵͣӵС
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ڳϵڴ˿̳ױ۵ҫ۰âһһʴŸʶ

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󣬰âתƵϡ
һԣ޵ϣѹС˵˪˵ˣֱûñȣûǵֶΣѹŴ򡣡
޶˶򣺡ҵֱǰһӻţϿǲҪ
ʲôˣһһ߸š
Ľǹļ򣬇Nɪ˦һԼ׳βͣһԣ
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